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Spectrum and Spectral Singularities of a Quadratic Pencil of a Schr?dinger Operator with Boundary Conditions Dependent on the Eigenparameter

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2023年第11期39卷 2164-2180页

作者： Xiang ZHU zhao wen ZHENG Kun li School of Mathematical Sciences Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165P.R.China College of Mathematics and Systems Science Guangdong Polytechnic Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510665P.R.China

In this paper,we consider the following quadratic pencil of Schr?dinger operators L(λ)generated in L~2(R~+)by the equation−y″+[p(x)+2λq(x)]y=λ^(2)y,x∈R^(+)=[0,+∞)with the boundary condition y′(0)/y(0)=β_(1)λ+β0-α_(1)λ+α0,where p(x)and q(x)are complex valued functions andα_(0),α_(1),β_(0),β_(1)are complex numbers withα_(0)β_(1)-α_(1)β_(0)≠0.It is proved that L(λ)has a finite number of eigenvalues and spectral singularities,and each of them is of a finite multiplicity,if the conditions p(x),q′(x)∈AC(R^(+)),limx→∞[|p(x)|+|q(x)|+|q′(x)|]=0 and sup 0≤x0.

关键词： Schrodinger operator Strum-liouville problems finite spectrum eigenparameter dependence

BMSC-derived Exosomes Ameliorate Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritoneal Fibrosis via the Mir-27a-3p/TP53 Pathway

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当代医学科学（英文） 2024年第2期44卷 333-345页

作者： Jun-li zhao lin zhao Qiu-nan ZHAN Miao liU Ting ZHANG wen-wen CHU Department of Nephrology Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghai 201318China Orthopedic Department Guangming Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Pudong New AreaShanghai 201399China

Objective:Peritoneal fibrosis(PF)is the main cause of declining efficiency and ultrafiltration failure of the peritoneum,which restricts the long-term application of peritoneal dialysis(PD).This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes(BMSC-Exos)on PF in response to PD.Methods:Small RNA sequencing analysis of BMSC-Exos was performed by second-generation sequencing.C57BL/6J mice were infused with 4.25％glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid(PDF)for 6 consecutive weeks to establish a PF model.A total of 36 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:control group,1.5％PDF group,2.5％PDF group,4.25％PDF group,BMSC-Exos treatment group,and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment group.Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to measure the expression level of miR-27a-3p in BMSC-Exos and peritoneum of mice treated with different concentrations of PDF.HE and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the extent of PF.The therapeutic potential of BMSC-Exos for PF was examined through pathological examination,RT-qPCR,Western blotting,and peritoneal function analyses.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of HMrSV5 was induced with 4.25％PDF.Cells were divided into control group,4.25％PDF group,BMSC-Exos treatment group,and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment group.Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to measure cell viability,and transwell migration assay was used to verify the capacity of BMSC-Exos to inhibit EMT in HMrSV5 cells.Results:Small RNA sequencing analysis showed that miR-27a-3p was highly expressed in BMSC-derived exosomes compared to BMSCs.The RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-27a-3p was upregulated in BMSC-Exos,but decreased in PD mice.We found that PF was glucose concentration-dependently enhanced in the peritoneum of the PD mice.Compared with the control mice,the PD mice showed high solute transport and decreased ultrafiltration volume as well as an obvious fibroproliferative response,with markedly increas

关键词： peritoneal fibrosis bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes miR-27a-3p TP53 epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Preparation of activated carbon from sunflower straw through H_(3)PO_(4) activation and its application for acid fuchsin dye adsorption

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 192-202页

作者： wen-de zhao li-ping Chen Yan Jiao College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010022China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry Hohhot 010022China

With the development circular economy, the use of agricultural waste to prepare biomass materials to remove pollutants has become a research hotspot. In this study, sunflower straw activated carbon (SSAC) was prepared by the one-step activation method, with sunflower straw (SS) used as the raw material and H3PO4 used as the activator. Four types of SSAC were prepared with impregnation ratios (weight of SS to weight of H3PO4) of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:5, corresponding to SSAC1, SSAC2, SSAC3, and SSAC4, respectively. The adsorption process of acid fuchsin (AF) in water using the four types of SSAC was studied. The results showed that the impregnation ratio significantly affected the structure of the materials. The increase in the impregnation ratio increased the specific surface area and pore volume of SSAC and improved the adsorption capacity of AF. However, an impregnation ratio that was too large led to a decrease in specific surface area. SSAC3, with an impregnation ratio of 1:3, had the largest specific surface area (1 794.01 m2/g), and SSAC4, with an impregnation ratio of 1:5, exhibited the smallest microporosity (0.052 7 cm3/g) and the largest pore volume (2.549 cm3/g). The adsorption kinetics of AF using the four types of SSAC agreed with the quasi-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm model was suitable to describe SSAC3 and SSAC4, and the Freundlich isotherm model was appropriate to describe SSAC1 and SSAC2. The result of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. At 303 K, SSAC4 showed a removal rate of 97.73% for 200-mg/L AF with a maximum adsorption capacity of 2 763.36 mg/g, the highest among the four types of SSAC. This study showed that SAAC prepared by the H3PO4-based one-step activation method is a green and efficient carbon material and has significant application potential for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.

关键词： Acid fuchsin Activated carbon Adsorption Sunflower straw Phosphoric acid activation Impregnation ratio

A STOCHASTIC TRUST-REGION FRAMEWORK FOR POliCY OPTIMIZATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2022年第6期40卷 1004-1030页

作者： Mingming zhao Yongfeng li Zaiwen wen Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In this paper,we study a few challenging theoretical and numerical issues on the well known trust region policy optimization for deep reinforcement learning.The goal is to find a policy that maximizes the total expected reward when the agent acts according to the policy.The trust region subproblem is constructed with a surrogate function coherent to the total expected reward and a general distance constraint around the latest policy.We solve the subproblem using a preconditioned stochastic gradient method with a line search scheme to ensure that each step promotes the model function and stays in the trust region.To overcome the bias caused by sampling to the function estimations under the random settings,we add the empirical standard deviation of the total expected reward to the predicted increase in a ratio in order to update the trust region radius and decide whether the trial point is accepted.Moreover,for a Gaussian policy which is commonly used for continuous action space,the maximization with respect to the mean and covariance is performed separately to control the entropy loss.Our theoretical analysis shows that the deterministic version of the proposed algorithm tends to generate a monotonic improvement of the total expected reward and the global convergence is guaranteed under moderate assumptions.Comparisons with the state-of-the–art methods demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our method over robotic controls and game playings from OpenAI Gym.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning Stochastic trust region method Policy optimization Global convergence Entropy control

Research progress in drug therapy of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 383-397页

作者： wen-Jia zhao Jiang-Hong Deng Cai-Feng li Department of Rheumatology Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthNo.56Nan Li Shi RoadBeijing100045China

Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children.With the gradual expansion of the incidence of JIA in the population,the pathogenesis and treatment of JIA were further explored and analyzed,and JIA has achieved some success in drug therapy.Data sources A systemic literature search was conducted on PubMed,Cochrane library,EMBASE,ISI Web of Science,the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register,and the EU Clinical Trials Register.Through the searching of clinical trials of JIA in recent years,we summarized the progress of the clinical treatment of JIA.Results The main treatment drugs for JIA include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,glucocorticoids,disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biological agents.So far,a variety of biological agents targeting the cytokines and receptors involved in its pathogenesis have been gradually approved for JIA in many countries.The application of biological agents in JIA showed good efficacy and safety,bringing unprecedented experience to children and adolescents with JIA.Conclusions The potential and advantages of biologic agents in the treatment of JIA are significant,and the application of biologic agents in the treatment of JIA will be more and more common.

关键词： Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Progress Treatment

Effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine combined with conventional medicine on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第2期43卷 212-220页

作者： GUO wen li Xuanlin zhao Hulei LEI Siyuan XIE Yang li Jiansheng Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment&Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province/Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450046China Department of Respiratory Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000China

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) combined with conventional Western Medicine(CWM) on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) based on high-quality randomized placebocontrolled trials.METHODS:We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Chinese Biomedical literature Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and Wanfang databases for randomized placebo-controlled trials of CHM treatment for AECOPD from inception to June 4,2021.The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation were used to assess the risk of bias and the evidence quality of the included studies.Revman 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis.RESULTS:A total of 9 trials involving 1591 patients were included.The Meta-analysis showed that based on CWM treatment,CHM group had significant advantages over the placebo group in ameliorating clinical total effective rate [RR = 1.29,95% CI(1.07,1.56),P = 0.007,low quality] and TCM symptom scores [MD =-2.99,95% CI(-4.46,-1.53),P lity],improving arterial blood gas results [PaO_(2):MD = 4.51,95% CI(1.97,7.04),P = 0.0005,moderate quality;PaCO_(2):MD =-2.87,95% CI(-4.28,-1.46),P lity],reducing CAT scores [MD =-2.08,95% CI(-2.85,-1.31),P lity],length of hospitalization [MD =-1.87,95% CI(-3.33,-0.42),P = 0.01,moderate quality],and acute exacerbation rate [RR = 0.60,95% CI(0.43,0.83),P = 0.002,moderate quality].No serious CHM-related adverse events were reported.CONCLUSIONS:The current evidence indicates that CHM is an effective and well-tolerated adjunct therapy for AECOPD patients receiving CWM.However,considering the high heterogeneity,this conclusion requires confirmation.

关键词： drugs Chinese herbal pulmonary disease chronic obstructive acute exacerbation systematic review Meta-analysis GRADE approach

A chitosan-mediated inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4191-4200页

作者： Shao-Hua Zhuo Jun-Jun Wu Lang zhao wen-Hao li Yu-Fen zhao Yan-Mei li Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing 100069China Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315221China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),with several antigenic variants,has grown into a global challenge,and the rapid establishment of an immune barrier is crucial to achieving long-term control of the virus.This has led to a great demand for easy preparation and scalable vaccines,especially in low-income countries.Here,we present an inhalable nanovaccine comprising chitosan and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.The chitosan-mediated nanovaccine enabled a strong spike-specific antibody immune response and augmented local mucosal immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage and lungs,which might be capable of protecting the host from infection without systemic toxicity.In addition,the enhanced adaptive immunity stimulated by chitosan showed potential protection against SARS-CoV-2.Furthermore,inhalation of the nanovaccine induced a comparable antibody response compared to intramuscular injection.This inhalable nanovaccine against SARS-CoV-2 offers a convenient and compliant strategy to reduce the use of needles and the need for medical staff.

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SASR-CoV-2) inhalation nanovaccine chitosan

Advances in oral peptide drug nanoparticles for diabetes mellitus treatment

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第9期7卷 392-408页

作者： Yan li wen Zhang Ruichen zhao Xin Zhang School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083PR China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190PR China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049PR China

Peptide drugs play an important role in diabetes mellitus treatment.Oral administration of peptide drugs is a promising strategy for diabetes mellitus because of its convenience and high patient compliance compared to parenteral administration routes.However,there are a series of formidable unfavorable conditions present in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract after oral administration,which result in the low oral bioavailability of these peptide drugs.To overcome these challenges,various nanoparticles(NPs)have been developed to improve the oral absorption of peptide drugs due to their unique in vivo properties and high design flexibility.This review discusses the unfavorable conditions present in the GI tract and provides the corresponding strategies to overcome these challenges.The review provides a comprehensive overview on the NPs that have been constructed for oral peptide drug delivery in diabetes mellitus treatment.Finally,we will discuss the rational application and give some suggestions that can be utilized for the development of oral peptide drug NPs.Our aim is to provide a systemic and comprehensive review of oral peptide drug NPs that can overcome the challenges in GI tract for efficient treatment of diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Oral nanoparticles Peptide drugs Gastrointestinal tract Diabetes mellitus Oral bioavailability

Analysis of sleep in individual Drosophila melanogaster reveals a self-regulatory role for cuticular hydrocarbons pheromones

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Insect Science 2022年第6期29卷 1737-1746页

作者： Xiaoyu Wu Su Wang Xianguo zhao Jing wen Yahong li Zhangwu zhao Juan Du Department of Entomology MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green ManagementCollege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

It is well established that pheromones are used by insects to transmit infor-mation between individuals.However,research has revealed that individual insects can be both the sender and the receiver of some pheromonal signals.It is therefore interesting to consider whether the pheromonal state of an individual insect can exert an effect on itself.In this study,we monitored the sleep activity of single flies exhibiting a mutation that leads to pheromonal deficiency and found that cuticular hydrocarbons(CHs)exerted self-regulatory effects on the amount of sleep experienced by these flies.To identify the physiological significance of this mechanism,we compared the amounts of sleep in in-dividual young flies and individual old flies(flies are known to sleep less as they get older)and compared this data with young and old flies exhibiting mutations that lead to CH reception defects.The differences in the amount of sleep experienced by young and old mutant flies were significantly lower than those of the control flies.Our data show that hydrocarbon signals produced by the cuticle in Drosophila can be self-perceived and regulate the amount of sleep acquired in a maturation-dependent manner.

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons pheromone sleep