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Thermal and mechanical characteristics of a thermal pile in permafrost regions

Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 255-266页

作者： Yun-Hu SHANG Fu-Jun NIU Kun YUAN Tian SUN li-bo wu State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Da Xing'anling Observation and Research Station of Frozen-Ground Engineering and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesJiagedaqi 165000China First Highway Consultants Co. Ltd.China Communications Construction Company LimitedXi'an 710075China Jiangsu Sunpower Technology Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210009China School of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Cast-in-place pile foundations are widely used in permafrost regions to support buildings.The stability of cast-in-place pile foundations is highly sensitive to permafrost thermal regime changes.Permafrost degradation caused by climate change is increasing the disaster risk of castin-place pile foundations.However,proactive cooling methods for cast-in-place pile foundations are seldom reported.The cold energy produced by two-phase closed thermosyphons(TPCTs)can efficiently prevent the permafrost thermal regime from being disturbed by engineering activities and climate change.TPCTs were installed in a concrete pile forming a thermal pile.Then,a model experiment was conducted to explore the thermal regime,influence scope,dissipation process of cold energy,and freezing strength of the thermal pile.The results indicated that the thermal pile may significantly cool the foundation soil.Most of cold energy produced by the thermal pile dissipated during the warm period,and the cooling scope of the thermal pile can cover the area within a 40 cm(twice the pile diameter)radius around the pile.Additionally,the TPCTs can significantly improve freezing strength between the thermal pile and frozen soil.The lesson learned from this study can provide a new approach to control the thermal regime of cast-in-place pile foundation in permafrost,which was of valuable to the construction of pile foundations in cold regions.

关键词： Pile foundation Cold energy Two-phase closed thermosyphon Freezing strength Permafrost regions

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Review and prospects of bioleaching in the Chinese mining industry

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第9期28卷 1397-1412页

作者： Sheng-hua Yin Wei Chen Xing-le Fan Jia-ming liu li-bo wu Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

As the world’s second largest economy experiencing rapid economic growth,China has a huge demand for metals and energy.In recent years,China ranks first,among all the countries in the world,in the production and consumption of several metals such as copper,gold,and rare earth elements.Bioleaching,which is an approach for mining low grade and refractory ores,has been applied in industrial production,and bioleaching has made great contributions to the development of the Chinese mining industry.The exploration and application of bioleaching in China are reviewed in this study.Production and consumption trends of several metals in China over the past decade are reviewed.Technological processes at key bioleaching operations in China,such as at the Zijinshan Copper Mine and Mianhuakeng Uranium Mine,are presented.Also,the current challenges faced by bioleaching operations in China are introduced.Moreover,prospects such as efficiency improvement and environmental protection are proposed based on the current situation in the Chinese bioleaching industry.

关键词： bioleaching China mining copper uranium rare earth oxides gold

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Wastewater Treatment in a Hybrid Biological Reactor (HBR): Nitrification Characteristics

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 373-379页

作者： JIAN-LONGWANG li-bowu LaboratoryofEnvironmentalTechnology INETTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering NankaiUniversityTianjin300071China

Objective To investigate the nitrifying characteristics of both suspended- and attached- biomass in a hybrid bioreactor. Methods The hybrid biological reactor was developed by introducing porous ceramic particles into the reactor to provide the surface for biomass attachment. Microorganisms immobilized on the ceramics were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All chemical analyses were performed in accordance with standard methods. Results The suspended- and attached-biomass had approximately the same nitrification activity. The nitrifying kinetic was independent of the initial biomass concentration, and the attached-biomass had a stronger ability to resist the nitrification inhibitor. Conclusion The attached biomass is superior to suspended-biomass for nitrifying wastewater, especially that containing toxic organic compounds. The hybrid biological reactor consisting of suspended- and attached-biomass is advantageous in such cases.

关键词： Attached biomass Hybrid biological reactor Nitrification Suspended biomass Nitrification inhibitor

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Slurry-phase Biological Treatment of Nitrophenol Using Bioaugmentation Technique

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2005年第2期18卷 77-81页

作者： JIAN-LONGWANG GANGZHAO li-bowu LaboratoryofEnvironmentalTechnology INETTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China／／CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringNankaiUniversityTianjin300071China LaboratoryofEnvironmentalTechnology INETTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering NankaiUniversityJianjin300071China

Objective To investigate the performance of soil-slurry bioreactor used for remediating contaminated soil with 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Methods The slurry bioreactor was used to degrade different concentrations of 4-nitrophenol with or without inoculating the acclimated activated sludge. HPLC system (Hewlett-Packard model 5050 with a UV detector) was used for the quantification of 4-nitrophenol. Results The indigenous microorganisms exhibited a little activity for simulated soil with 50 mg 4-NP/kg soil. However, at the concentration of 10 mg 4-NPkg soil, a considerable degradation occurred within two weeks. It appeared that high concentrations of 4-nitrophenol apparently produced an inhibitory effect on microbial activity. For system receiving 50 mg 4-NP/kg soil, the maximum rate of 4-NP degradation measured in the reactor inoculated with 25 g sludge/kg soil was approximately 10 times higher than the uninoculated reactor, suggesting that the degradation rate of 4-nitrophenol could be enhanced greatly by means of inoculating acclimated sludge. Conclusion The addition of sludge capable of degrading 4-nitrophenol can result in enhance the degradation rate of 4-nitrophenol.

关键词： Biodegradation Bioremediation Slurry bioreactor 4-nitrophenol Soil

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Energy correction based on fluorescence attenuation of DAMPE

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第8期20卷 163-168页

作者： li-bo wu Yun-Long Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Yi-Feng Wei Si-Cheng Wen Hao-Ting Dai Cheng-Ming liu Xiao-lian Wang Zi-Zong Xu Guang-Shun Huang State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The major scientific goals of the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)are to study cosmicray electrons(including positrons)and gamma rays from 5 GeV to 10 TeV and nuclei from Z=1 to 26 up to 100 TeV.The deposited energy measured by the Bismuth Germanate Oxide(BGO)calorimeter of DAMPE is affected by fluorescence attenuation in BGO crystals that are 600 mm long.In this work,an in-orbit attenuation calibration method is reported,and energy correction of the sensitive detector unit of the BGO calorimeter is also presented.

关键词： DAMPE BGO calorimeter fluorescence attenuation dark matter

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Method of Separating Cosmic-Ray Positrons from Electrons in the DAMPE Experiment

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第3期22卷 115-121页

作者： Hao-Ting Dai Jing-Jing Zang Ying Wang Chuan-Ning Luo Yun-Long Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Yi-Feng Wei li-bo wu Cheng-Ming liu Cong Zhao Xiao-lian Wang Zi-Zong Xu Guang-Shun Huang State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI)

A method of identifying positron/electron species from the cosmic rays was studied in the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)experiment.As there is no onboard magnet on the satellite,the different features imposed by the geomagnetic field on these two species were exploited for the particle identification.Application of this method to the simulation of on-orbit electrons/positrons/protons and the real flight data proves that separately measuring the CR positrons/electrons with DAMPE is feasible,though limited by the field of view for the present observation data.Further analysis on the positron flux with this method can be expected in the future.

关键词： (ISM:)cosmic rays magnetic fields (cosmology:)dark matter

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Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Four Ganoderic Acids in Ganoderma(Chinese Name:lingzhi)by Direct Infusion-Multiple Reaction Monitoring Cubed

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 52-62页

作者： Nian wu bo Peng Ting li Pengfei Tu Shengpeng Wang bo li Wenjing liu Yuelin Song Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Research Institute of Chinese MedicineBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Amway(China)botanical Research Center Wuxi 214011China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipa 999078China Amway(Shanghai)Innovation&Science Co. LtdShanghai 201508China School of Pharmacy Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450046China

Attributing to the rapid demand expansion for the edible medicinal materials in the market,the limited throughput of highperformance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring(HPLC-MRM)cannot fully address the measurement workload for a huge number of testing samples.Hence,it is urgent to pursue more efficient approaches for the quality evaluation.Because of the greater selectivity of MRM cubed(MRM^(3))over MRM,there might be a chance to omit the time-intensive LC separation.In current study,we attempted to develop a direct infusion(DI)-MRM^(3) program,and the applicability was thereafter assessed through simultaneous determination of four ganoderic acids(GAs)in one of the most famous tonic herbal medicines namely Ganoderma(Chinese name:lingzhi).Primary parameters such as Q1>Q3>QliT ion transitions,collision energy(CE),and excitation energy were optimized by programming online energy-resolved mass spectrometry with authentic compounds.A single DI-MRM measurement merely costed four minutes,and in spite of the wide occurrences of isomers,satisfactory selectivity was achieved.Method validation assays demonstrated the method to be sensitive,precise,accurate,and reproducible.The quantitative results from DI-MRM^(3) were also justified by conducting LC-MRM measurements in parallel.Significant differences occurred for the content patterns between the two original sources namely Ganoderma lucidum and G.sinense,and,moreover,either cultivar or harvest time showed dramatical influence on the quantitative features of the four targeted GAs.More importantly,DI-MRM3 is a meaningful analytical option for rapid quantitative analysis of herbal medicines,because of the comparable reliability,nonetheless,less consumptions of both measurement time and solvent,compared with LC-MRM.

关键词： Direct infusion Multiple reaction monitoring cubed High-throughput quantitative analysis Ganoderic acids Ganoderma

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The action mechanism by which C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2019-2026页

作者： bo Zhao Mei li Bingyu li Yanan li Qianni Shen Jiabao Hou Yang wu lijuan Gu Wenwei Gao Department of Anesthesiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Central Laboratory Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Studies have shown that C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 (CTRP6) can alleviate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. However, its role in the brain remains poorly understood. To investigate the role of CTRP6 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury associated with diabetes mellitus, a diabetes mellitus mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. To overexpress CTRP6 in the brain, an adeno-associated virus carrying CTRP6 was injected into the lateral ventricle. The result was that oxygen injury and inflammation in brain tissue were clearly attenuated, and the number of neurons was greatly reduced. In vitro experiments showed that CTRP6 knockout exacerbated oxidative damage, inflammatory reaction, and apoptosis in cerebral cortical neurons in high glucose hypoxia-simulated diabetic cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. CTRP6 overexpression enhanced the sirtuin-1 signaling pathway in diabetic brains after ischemia/reperfusion injury. To investigate the mechanism underlying these effects, we examined mice with depletion of brain tissue-specific sirtuin-1. CTRP6-like protection was achieved by activating the sirtuin-1 signaling pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that CTRP6 likely attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through activation of the sirtuin-1 signaling pathway.

关键词： brain C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 cerebral apoptosis diabetes inflammation ischemia/reperfusion injury neuron neuroprotection oxidative damage Sirt1

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Injection of a Self-propelled Polymer into a Small Circular Cavity

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 886-894页

作者： Chao Wang Yan-li Zhou Xiao Yang Fan wu Meng-bo Luo Department of Physics Taizhou UniversityTaizhou318000China Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

The injection of a polymer chain into a small circular cavity under tangential self-propelled force is studied by using Langevin dynamics simulation.Results indicate that the injection dynamics of the active polymer shows strong correlation with the polymer conformation inside the cavity depending on the polymer rigidity(k_(b)).The injection timeτvaries nonmonotonously with increasing k_(b),and reaches its minimum at k_(b)^(*).When k_(b) is small(k_(b)≪k_(b)^(*)),the polymer is nearly random coil in the cavity,and spends a long time at the final stage of the injection process due to the large repulsion between monomers inside the cavity.When k_(b) is moderate(k_(b)∼k_(b)^(*)),the part of polymer inside the cavity forms spiral configuration under the tangential active force,and the whole polymer moves synchronously with a constant velocity during the injection process,leading to a small injection time.When k_(b) is large(k_(b)≫k_(b)^(*)),the polymer is nearly straight at the initial stage of the injection process,and takes a long time to bend itself,leading to a large injection time.

关键词： Active Polymer Injection Dynamics Simulation

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Pure-high-even-order dispersion bound solitons complexes in ultra-fast fiber lasers

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 957-972页

作者： Ying Han bo Gao Honglin Wen Chunyang Ma Jiayu Huo Yingying li Luyao Zhou Qi li Ge wu lie liu College of Communication Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China. Research Center of Circuits and Systems Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518055China. International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China. College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Temporal solitons have been the focus of much research due to their fascinating physical properties.These solitons can form bound states,which are fundamentally crucial modes in fiber laser and present striking analogies with their matter molecules counterparts,which means they have potential applications in large-capacity transmission and alloptical information storage.Although traditionally,second-order dispersion has been the dominant dispersion for conventional solitons,recent experimental and theoretical research has shown that pure-high-even-order dispersion(PHEOD)solitons with energy-width scaling can arise from the interaction of arbitrary negative-even-order dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity.Despite these advancements,research on the bound states of PHEOD solitons is currently nonexistent.In this study,we obtained PHEOD bound solitons in a fiber laser using an intra-cavity spectral pulse shaper for high-order dispersion management.Specifically,we experimentally demonstrate the existence of PHEOD solitons and PHEOD bound solitons with pure-quartic,-sextic,-octic,and-decic dispersion.Numerical simulations corroborate these experimental observations.Furthermore,vibrating phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs,sliding phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs,and hybrid phase PHEOD bound tri-soliton are discovered and characterized.These results broaden the fundamental understanding of solitons and show the universality of multi-soliton patterns.

关键词： dispersion solitons soliton

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