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Model architecture level privacy leakage in neural networks

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 20-32页

作者： yan li Hongyang yan Teng HUANG Zijie PAN Jiewei LAI Xiaoxue ZHANG Kongyang CHEN Jin li Institute of Artificial Intelligent and Blockchain Guangzhou University Pazhou Lab

Privacy leakage is one of the most critical issues in machine learning and has attracted growing interest for tasks such as demonstrating potential threats in model attacks and creating model *** recent years, numerous studies have revealed various privacy leakage risks(e.g., data reconstruction attack, membership inference attack, backdoor attack, and adversarial attack) and several targeted defense approaches(e.g., data denoising, differential privacy, and data encryption). However, existing solutions generally focus on model parameter levels to disclose(or repair) privacy threats during the model training and/or model interference process, which are rarely applied at the model architecture level. Thus, in this paper, we aim to exploit the potential privacy leakage at the model architecture level through a pioneer study on neural architecture search(NAS) paradigms which serves as a powerful tool to automate a neural network *** investigating the NAS procedure, we discover two attack threats in the model architecture level called the architectural dataset reconstruction attack and the architectural membership inference attack. Our theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation reveal that an attacker may leverage the output architecture of an ongoing NAS paradigm to reconstruct its original training set, or accurately infer the memberships of its training set simply from the model architecture. In this work, we also propose several defense approaches related to these model architecture attacks. We hope our work can highlight the need for greater attention to privacy protection in model architecture levels(e.g., NAS paradigms).

关键词： neural architecture search data reconstruction attack membership inference attack

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BSEC Method for Unveiling Open Clusters and its Application to Gaia DR3:83 New Clusters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 169-184页

作者： Zhong-Mu li Cai-yan Mao Institute of Astronomy and Information Dali UniversityDali 671003China

Open clusters(OCs) are common in the Milky Way, but most of them remain undiscovered. There are numerous techniques, including some machine-learning algorithms, available for the exploration of OCs. However, each method has its limitations and therefore, different approaches to discovering OCs hold significant values. We develop a comprehensive approach method to automatically explore the data space and identify potential OC candidates with relatively reliable membership determination. This approach combines the techniques of Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, Gaussian mixture model, and a novel cluster member identification technique, color excess constraint. The new method exhibits efficiency in detecting OCs while ensuring precise determination of cluster memberships. Because the main feature of this technique is to add an extra constraint(EC) for the members of cluster candidates using the homogeneity of color excess,compared to typical blind search codes, it is called Blind Search-Extra Constraint(BSEC) method. It is successfully applied to the Gaia Data Release 3, and 83 new OCs are found, whose color–magnitude diagrams(CMDs) are fitted well to the isochrones. In addition, this study reports 621 new OC candidates with discernible main sequence or red giant branch. It is shown that BSEC technique can discard some false negatives of previous works, which takes about three percentage of known clusters. It shows that as an EC, the color excess(or twocolor) constraint is useful for removing fake cluster member stars from the clusters that are identified from the positions and proper motions of stars, and getting more precise CMDs, when differential reddening of member stars of a cluster is not large(e.g., ΔE(G_(BP)-G_(RP)) < 0.5 mag). It makes the CMDs of 15% clusters clearer(in particular for the region near turnoff) and therefore is helpful for CMD and stellar population studies. Our result suggests that the color excess con

关键词： Galaxy stellar content-(Galaxy:)open clusters and associations general-stars fundamental parameters

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Friction between a single platelet and fibrinogen

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2344-2354页

作者： Yuhe WANG yan li Shuguang ZHANG Haosheng CHEN Yongjian li State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Friction has been considered to mediate physiological activities of cells,however,the biological friction between a single cell and its ligand-bound surface has not been thoroughly ***,we established a friction model for single cells based on an atomic force microscopy(AFM)combined with an inverted fluorescence microscopy(IFM)to study the friction between a highly sensitive platelet and fibrinogen-coated *** study revealed that the friction between the platelet and fibrinogen-coated tip is mainly influenced by specific ligand–receptor ***,we modeled the biological friction,which consists of specific interaction,non-specific interaction,and mechanical ***,the results suggested that the velocity can also affect specific ligand–receptor interactions,resulting in the friction change and platelet adhesion to fibrinogen *** study built a friction model between a single cell and its ligand-bound surface and provided a potential method to study the biological friction by the combination of AFM and IFM.

关键词： friction single cell platelet fibrinogen atomic force microscopy(AFM)

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Fusion of a rice endogenous N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase to a plant adenine base transition editor ABE8e enables A-toK base editing in rice plants

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 127-139页

作者： Yucai li Shaoya li Chenfei li Chen Zhang Lei yan Jingying li Yubing He yan Guo Lanqin Xia Institute of Crop Sciences(ICS) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) CAASSanya 572024China

Engineering of a new type of plant base editor for simultaneous adenine transition and transversion within the editing window will greatly expand the scope and potential of base editing in directed evolution and crop ***,we isolated a rice endogenous hypoxanthine excision protein,N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase(OsMPG),and engineered two plant A-to-K(K=G or T)base editors,rAKBE01 and rAKBE02,for simultaneous adenine transition and transversion base editing in rice by fusing OsMPG or its mutant mOsMPG to a plant adenine transition base editor,*** further coupled either OsMPG or mOsMPG with a transactivation factor VP64 to generate rAKBE03 and rAKBE04,*** these four rAKBEs,at five endogenous loci in rice protoplasts,indicated that rAKBE03 and rAKBE04 enabled higher levels of A-to-G base transitions when compared to ABE8e and ***,whereas rAKBE01 only enabled A-to-C/T editing at one endogenous locus,in comparison with rAKBE02 and rAKBE03,rAKBE04 could significantly improve the A-to-C/T base transversion efficiencies by up to 6.57-and 1.75-fold in the rice protoplasts,***,although no stable lines with A-to-C transversion were induced by rAKBE01 and rAKBE04,rAKBE04 could enable simultaneous A-to-G and A-to-T transition and transversion base editing,at all the five target loci,with the efficiencies of A-to-G transition and A-to-T transversion editing ranging from 70.97 to 92.31%and 1.67 to 4.84%in rice stable lines,***,these rAKBEs enable different portfolios of editing products and,thus,now expands the potential of base editing in diverse application scenario for crop improvement.

关键词： Rice(Oryza sativa L) Rice N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase(OsMPG) A-to-K base editor(AKBE) Transactivation module VP64

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Enhancing Tea Leaf Disease Identification with lightweight MobileNetV2

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 679-694页

作者： Zhilin li Yuxin li Chunyu yan Peng yan Xiutong li Mei Yu Tingchi Wen Benliang Xie College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Power Semiconductor Device Reliability Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education Guiyang550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China The Mushroom Research Centre Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China The Engineering Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

Diseases in tea trees can result in significant losses in both the quality and quantity of tea *** monitoring can help to prevent the occurrence of large-scale diseases in tea ***,existingmethods face challenges such as a high number of parameters and low recognition accuracy,which hinders their application in tea plantation monitoring *** paper presents a lightweight I-MobileNetV2 model for identifying diseases in tea leaves,to address these *** proposed method first embeds a Coordinate Attention(CA)module into the originalMobileNetV2 network,enabling the model to locate disease regions ***,a Multi-branch Parallel Convolution(MPC)module is employed to extract disease features across multiple scales,improving themodel’s adaptability to different disease ***,the AutoML for Model Compression(AMC)is used to compress themodel and reduce computational *** results indicate that our proposed algorithm attains an average accuracy of 96.12%on our self-built tea leaf disease dataset,surpassing the original MobileNetV2 by 1.91%.Furthermore,the number of model parameters have been reduced by 40%,making itmore suitable for practical application in tea plantation environments.

关键词： Disease identification coordinate attention mechanism multi-scale feature extraction model pruning

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Impact Performance Research of Re-Entrant Octagonal Negative Poisson’s Ratio Honeycomb with Gradient Design

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 3105-3119页

作者： Yiyuan li Yongjing li Shilin yan Pin Wen Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics School of ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China

Based on the traditional re-entrant honeycomb,a novel re-entrant octagon honeycomb(ROH)is *** deformation mode of the honeycomb under quasi-static compression is analyzed by numerical simulation,and the results are in good agreement with the experimental *** deformation modes,mechanical properties,and energy absorption characteristics of ROH along the impact and perpendicular directions gradient design are investigated under different *** results indicated that the deformation mode of ROH is affected by gradient design along the direction of impact and impact *** addition,gradient design along the direction of impact can increase the initial peak stress of ROH and accelerate its densification *** design perpendicular to the impact direction can enhance the energy absorption performance of ROH,especially for ROH,with wall thickness increasing from the inside *** to ROH with uniform wall thickness at the same relative density,ROH with a gradient design can increase the plateau stress by over *** the elevation of impact velocity,the plateau stress and specific energy absorption exhibit an upward trend,aligning with the dynamic performance pattern observed in conventional *** results can be used as a reference for the design and application of honeycomb and provide a new idea for developing more efficient and reliable energy-absorbing materials.

关键词： Re-entrant honeycomb gradient design finite element analysis additive manufacturing technologies

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A new integrated model of deformation resistance and its application in prediction of rolling force of a thick plate

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 882-893页

作者： Shun-hu Zhang yan li li-zhi Che Wen-hao Tian Shagang School of Iron and Steel Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215021JiangsuChina

The prediction accuracy of existing models of the rolling force of a thick plate is always very *** address this problem,a high-precision genetic algorithm-backpropagation network(GA-BP)model of deformation resistance was built,and its integration with the traditional fitted model was further ***,a novel rolling force model was obtained by embedding the integration model of deformation resistance in the original model of rolling *** to this research idea,the industrial data are normalized at *** this basis,the interactions among the process parameters were disclosed through the variance analysis,and then described by various virtual *** factors are set as part of input ***,the optimal structure of the GA-BP model of deformation resistance was determined and an integration model of deformation resistance was ***,a novel rolling force model is obtained by substituting the traditional fitted deformation resistance into the Sims model with the integration model of the deformation *** results proves that the introduction of virtual factors can increase the hit rate of±5%from 75.8%to 78%and can reduce the root mean square error from 4.72%to 4.48%.Besides,it is found that the mean relative error of the traditional fitted deformation resistance is 0.142,while that of the modified deformation resistance is only *** addition,the mean relative error in the original rolling force model is 0.145,while that of the present model is only 0.03.

关键词： Integration model-Deformation resistance Variance analysis Virtual factor Genetic algorithm-backpropagation network model

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Attributes of Specialized Households'Resilience and Its Impact on Rural Industrial Advancement:A Case Study of National Musical Instrument Production Specialized Households in Lankao County,Henan,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第3期34卷 383-400页

作者： WU Nalin WEI Yike FAN Sizhe li li SUN Yufan ZHANG yan SHU yan Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of Educa-tion/The College of Geography and Environmental ScienceHenan UniversityKaifeng 475001China College of Urban and Envir-onmental Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Specialized households serve as the primary units within specialized villages in China,and their capacity to withstand risks and external influences significantly shapes the future trajectory of specialized villages and the overall vitality of the rural *** this study,we established a measurement indicator system based on the definition of specialized households’resilience,elucidating the logical connection between specialized households’resilience and rural industrial development in *** musical instrument industry in Lankao County,Henan Province of China,was employed as a case;survey data,the entropy method,and an obstacle diagnosis model were used to examine how instrument production specialized households responded to the challenges posed by Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)and the tightening of national environmental protection policies,yielding the following key findings:1)there exists substantial variation in the comprehensive resilience levels among different specialized households;2)the ability to learn and adapt is the most significant contributor to the overall resilience level of specialized households;3)technological proficiency and access to skilled talent emerge as pivotal factors influencing specialized households’resilience;4)the positioning of specialized households within the industrial supply chain and the stability of their income have a direct bearing on their resilience *** influence of specialized households’resilience on industrial development primarily manifests in the following ways:stronger resilience correlates with increased stability in production and sales,fostering a more proactive approach to future ***,heightened exposure to the external macroeconomic environment can lead to a higher rate of export *** enhance the development resilience of entities like specialized households and family farms,and to invigorate rural economic development,escalating investments in rural science and technology

关键词： resilience specialized households rural industry Lankao County,China

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Comprehensive Exergoeconomic Analysis and Optimization of a Novel Zero-Carbon-Emission Multi-Generation System based on Carbon Dioxide Cycle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1065-1081页

作者： SUN yan li Hongwei WANG Di DU Changhe School of Energy and Power Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China Xi’an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology Xi’an710065China

This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive exergoeconomic analysis of a novel zero-carbon-emission multi-generation system and propose a fast optimization method combined with machine *** detailed exergoeconomic analysis of a novel combined power,freshwater and cooling multi-generation system is performed in this *** exergoeconomic analysis model is established by exergy flow theory.A comprehensive exergy,exergoeconomic and environmental analysis is carried *** critical decision variables are researched to bring out effects on the multi-generation system exergoeconomic performance.A novel fast optimization method combining genetic algorithm and Bagging neural network is *** advanced nature comparison is made between the proposed system and four similar *** display that increasing the turbine inlet temperature can improve exergy efficiency and decrease the total product unit *** multi-generation system exergy destruction directly determines exergy efficiency and total exergy destruction cost *** total product unit cost in the cost optimal design case is reduced by 7.7%and 25%,respectively,compared with exergy efficiency optimal design case and basic design *** with four similar cases,the proposed multi-generation system has great advantages in thermodynamic performance and exergoeconomic *** paper can provide research methods and ideas for performance analysis and fast optimization of multi-generation system.

关键词： waste heat recovery exergoeconomic analysis supercritical carbon dioxide optimization machine learning

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A novel metal-free porous covalent organic polymer for efficient room-temperature photocatalytic CO2 reduction via dry-reforming of methane

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第9期9卷 1407-1418页

作者： Sheng-yan Yin Ziyi li Yingcai Hu Xiao Luo Jishan li College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC) Chinese Academy of Sciences

At room temperature,the conversion of greenhouse gases into valuable chemicals using metal-free catalysts for dry reforming of methane（DRM） is quite promising and ***,we developed a novel covalent organic porous polymer （TPE-COP） with rapid charge separation of the electron–hole pairs for DRM driven by visible light at room temperature,which can efficiently generate syngas （CO and H2）.Both electron donor (tris（4-aminophenyl）amine,TAPA) and acceptor (4,4',4'',4'''-(（1 E,1'E,1''E,1'''E）-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayltetrakis （benzene-4,1-diyl）)tetrakis （ethene-2,1-diyl）)tetrakis (1-（4-formylbenzyl）quinolin-1-ium),TPE-CHO) were existed in TPE-COP,in which the push–pull effect between them promoted the separation of photogenerated electron–hole,thus greatly improving the photocatalytic *** functional theory （DFT） simulation results show that TPE-COP can form charge-separating species under light irradiation,leading to electrons accumulation in TPE-CHO unit and holes in TAPA,and thus efficiently initiating *** 20 h illumination,the photocatalytic results show that the yields reach 1123.6 and 30.8μmol g-1for CO and H2,respectively,which are significantly higher than those of TPE-CHO small *** excellent result is mainly due to the increase of specific surface area,the enhancement of light absorption capacity,and the improvement of photoelectron-generating efficiency after the formation of ***,this work contributes to understanding the advantages of COP materials for photocatalysis and fundamentally pushes metal-free catalysts into the door of DRM field.

关键词： Metal-free Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction Covalent organic polymer Dry-reforming of methane Electron donor and acceptor

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