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固体推进剂用新型Schiff碱类高效键合剂的合成及性能表征

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火炸药学报 2024年第7期47卷 649-655,I0004页

作者：武卓赵志坤徐爽李洪旭杨玉林庞爱民哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院新能源转换与存储关键材料技术工业和信息部重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150001 航天化学动力技术重点实验室湖北襄阳441003 湖北航天化学技术研究所湖北襄阳441003

为提高丁羟四组元推进剂和CL-20/GAP推进剂的力学性能,解决新的推进剂填料基体界面“脱湿”问题,设计合成了新型Schiff碱键合剂;采用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜及万能材料拉伸机等对键合剂的键合效果和推进剂的力学性能进行了表... 详细信息

为提高丁羟四组元推进剂和CL-20/GAP推进剂的力学性能,解决新的推进剂填料基体界面“脱湿”问题,设计合成了新型Schiff碱键合剂;采用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜及万能材料拉伸机等对键合剂的键合效果和推进剂的力学性能进行了表征。结果表明,合成的新型Schiff碱键合剂包含键合剂必备官能团且在AP表面存在明显键合,新型Schiff碱键合剂有望取代有毒MAPO,可明显提高丁羟四组元推进剂的力学性能,使丁羟四组元推进剂常温拉伸强度达到0.7 MPa,常温延伸率大于55%,高温延伸率大于50%,低温延伸率大于60%,并可以明显改善丁羟四组元推进剂的工艺性能;在CL-20/GAP推进剂中,新型Schiff碱键合剂可同时提高推进剂的拉伸强度和延伸率。

关键词：材料力学丁羟推进剂键合剂力学性能 Schiff碱界面脱湿 MAPO

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基于阳离子调控的ADN防吸湿技术

含能材料 2024年第7期32卷 754-760页

作者：彭盼盼屈炜宸杜黎小松史淑婧赵新岩李磊杜芳陶博文李洪旭航天化学能源全国重点实验室湖北襄阳441003 湖北航天化学技术研究所湖北襄阳441003

二硝酰胺铵(ADN)作为一种极具应用前景的氧化剂,其阳离子NH4+易与空气中的水分子形成氢键,因而存在强吸湿性缺点,无法实现大规模化工程应用。据此,研究提出一种阳离子调控策略,结合Schiff base反应和离子交换反应,以对苯二甲醛(TPA)、... 详细信息

二硝酰胺铵(ADN)作为一种极具应用前景的氧化剂,其阳离子NH4+易与空气中的水分子形成氢键,因而存在强吸湿性缺点,无法实现大规模化工程应用。据此,研究提出一种阳离子调控策略,结合Schiff base反应和离子交换反应,以对苯二甲醛(TPA)、氨基胍盐酸盐(AGC)和ADN为原料,通过操作简单、安全高效的一锅法反应,成功合成出含二价阳离子的新型二硝酰胺类含能离子盐(DBDN)。采用元素分析、红外光谱和核磁光谱等对其化学结构进行表征,同时结合热分析、机械感度测试和理论计算对其理化性能进行分析,并采用干燥器平衡法对ADN和DBDN进行吸湿性研究。结果显示,DBDN的撞击感度(IS)、摩擦感度(FS)和热分解温度(T_(d))分别为>40 J、16%和225℃,其安定性要远优于ADN(5 J、76%和198℃)。此外,在25℃、相对湿度(RH)分别为66%和75%的条件下,静置9 d后,ADN的吸湿率高达24.1%和39.5%,而DBDN仅为0.26%和0.48%,表现出不吸湿特性。

关键词：二硝酰胺铵(ADN) 吸湿性阳离子调控策略二价阳离子新型二硝酰胺类含能离子盐(DBDN)

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油茶果壳中齐墩果烷三萜皂苷抗炎活性及作用机制研究

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天然产物研究与开发 2024年第8期36卷 1378-1384页

作者：谢传奇吴来昌徐志勇李泓序韩晓丹胡居吾熊伟吴磊江西省科学院应用化学研究所南昌330096 崇仁县恒康益生油茶科技有限公司抚州344200

该研究以脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞为炎症模型,采用Griess实验、酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,EliSA)、Western blotting和免疫荧光等技术,评价油茶果壳3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1″→6′)α-L-鼠李糖基27-羟基齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1″→6′)α-L-rhamnosyl 27-hydroxy oleanolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,OA)的抗炎活性。实验设置对照组、LPS组和OA组(5、10、20和40μmol/L)。结果显示,不同浓度OA处理对脂多糖诱导的一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)分泌具有一定的抑制活性,当浓度为20或40μmol/L时,OA对脂多糖诱导的炎症小体nod样受体家族,含pyrin结构域3(NOD-like receptor family,pyrin domain containing 3,NLRP3)和半胱天冬酶1(cysteine aspartate protease 1,Caspase 1)蛋白表达的抑制活性较好;当药物处理1 h和6 h时,OA显著下调了胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase,ERK)和p38蛋白(p38 protein,p38)磷酸化水平,当药物处理2 h时,OA对p38和Jun氨基端激酶(Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)磷酸化水平具有抑制活性;而且药物处理6 h时,不同浓度OA对脂多糖诱导的RAW 264.7细胞核因子-κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)核转位具有明显的阻滞作用。这些结果揭示了OA的抗炎活性,为针对性开发油茶果壳资源和以OA为基础的活性产品提供了科学依据。

关键词：油茶果壳三萜皂苷抗炎活性 RAW 264.7 脂多糖

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Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 474-521页

作者： Ying Cao Bingang xu Bin li hong Fu Nanotechnology Center School of Fashion and TextilesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077People's Republic of China Department of Mathematics and Information Technology The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People's Republic of China Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049People's Republic of China

In recent years,breakthrough has been made in the field of artificial intelligence(AI),which has also revolutionized the industry of *** robots featured with high-level safety,less weight,lower power consumption have always been one of the research ***,multifunctional sensors for perception of soft robotics have been rapidly developed,while more algorithms and models of machine learning with high accuracy have been optimized and *** of soft robots with AI have also been advanced ranging from multimodal sensing,human-machine interaction to effective actuation in robotic ***-less,comprehensive reviews concerning the new developments and strategies for the ingenious design of the soft robotic systems equipped with AI are ***,the new development is systematically reviewed in the field of soft robots with ***,background and mechanisms of soft robotic systems are briefed,after which development focused on how to endow the soft robots with AI,including the aspects of feeling,thought and reaction,is ***,applications of soft robots with AI are systematically summarized and discussed together with advanced strategies proposed for performance *** thoughts for future intelligent soft robotics are pointed ***,some perspectives are put forward.

关键词： Soft robotic systems Artificial intelligence Design tactics Review and perspective

Perception of fundamental science to boost lithium metal anodes toward practical application

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 454-472页

作者： Jinkun Wang li Wang hong xu li Sheng Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

As a key material for lithium metal batteries(LMBs),lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials to break the bottleneck of battery energy density and a commonly used active material for reference *** lithium anodes are regarded as the holy grail of lithium batteries,decades of exploration have not led to the successful commercialization of LMBs,due mainly to the challenges related to the inherent properties of lithium *** pave the way for further investigation,herein,a comprehensive review focusing on the fundamental science of lithium are ***,the natures of lithium atoms and their isotopes,lithium clusters and lithium crystals are revisited,especially their structural and energetic ***,the electrochemical properties of lithium metal are *** important concepts and scientific questions,including the electronic structure of lithium,influence of high pressure and low temperature on the properties of lithium,factors influencing lithium deposition,generation of lithium dendrites,and electrode potential of lithium in different electrolytes,are explained and analyzed in *** to improve the performance of lithium anodes and thoughtfulness about the electrode potential in lithium battery research are proposed.

关键词： lithium Cluster Crystal Physicochemical property Fundamental science

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伴有焦虑抑郁的胃食管反流病的药物研究进展

中国医药生物技术 2024年第1期19卷 62-65页

作者：董若木刚宸李宏旭赵芬中国人民大学附属中学北京100086 北京工商大学化学与材料工程学院 100048 北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院 100083 北京工商大学食品与健康学院 100048

胃食管反流病是指胃十二指肠内容物反流入食管而引起反酸、烧心、胸痛等症状,发病率较高。大量研究表明胃食管反流病与精神心理因素关系密切,尤其是焦虑、抑郁等疾病。本文概述了胃食管反流病以及伴焦虑抑郁的胃食管反流病的治疗药物种... 详细信息

胃食管反流病是指胃十二指肠内容物反流入食管而引起反酸、烧心、胸痛等症状,发病率较高。大量研究表明胃食管反流病与精神心理因素关系密切,尤其是焦虑、抑郁等疾病。本文概述了胃食管反流病以及伴焦虑抑郁的胃食管反流病的治疗药物种类,分析了相关药物作用机制,通过比较药物治疗效果,指出新型抗胃食管反流病药物与抗焦虑抑郁药物以及心理治疗相结合或将成为疗效的关键,为临床治疗提供参考。

关键词：胃食管反流病抑郁症焦虑症脑肠轴肠道菌群

Influence of topography on the fine structures of stratospheric gravity waves:An analysis using COSMIC-2 temperature data

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 497-513页

作者： JiaRui Wei Xiao liu JiYao xu QinZeng li hong Gao State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Electromagnetic Wave School of PhysicsHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang Henan 453000China

We derive the potential energy of gravity waves(GWs)in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at 45°S-45°N from December 2019 to November 2022 by using temperature profiles retrieved from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate-2(COSMIC-2)*** to the dense sampling of COSMIC-2,in addition to the strong peaks of gravity wave potential energy(GWPE)above the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,we found weak peaks above the Rocky,Atlas,Caucasus,and Tianshan *** land-sea contrast is responsible for the longitudinal variations of the GWPE in the lower and upper *** 40°N/S,the peaks were mainly above the topographic regions during the *** 20°N/S,the peaks were a slight distance away from the topographic regions and might be the combined effect of nontopographic GWs and mountain *** the Equator,the peaks were mainly above the regions with the lowest sea level altitude and may have resulted from *** results indicate that even above the local regions with lower sea level altitudes compared with the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,the GWPE also exhibits fine structures in geographic *** found that dissipation layers above the tropopause jet provide the body force to generate secondary waves in the upper stratosphere,especially during the winter months of each hemisphere and at latitudes of greater than 20°N/S.

关键词： topography fine structures stratospheric gravity waves Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate-2(COSMIC-2) dissipation layers

PDOL-Based Solid Electrolyte Toward Practical Application:Opportunities and Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 109-141页

作者： Hua Yang Maoxiang Jing li Wang hong xu Xiaohong Yan Xiangming He Institute for Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013People’s Republic of China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Polymer solid-state lithium batteries(SSLB)are regarded as a promising energy storage technology to meet growing demand due to their high energy density and *** conductivity,interface stability and battery assembly process are still the main challenges to hurdle the commercialization of *** the main component of SSLB,poly(1,3-dioxolane)(PDOL)-based solid polymer electrolytes polymerized in-situ are becoming a promising candidate solid elec-trolyte,for their high ion conductivity at room temperature,good battery elec-trochemical performances,and simple assembly *** review analyzes opportunities and challenges of PDOL electrolytes toward practical application for polymer *** focuses include exploring the polymerization mechanism of DOL,the performance of PDOL composite electrolytes,and the application of ***,we provide a perspective on future research directions that need to be emphasized for commercialization of PDOL-based electrolytes in *** exploration of these schemes facilitates a comprehensive and profound understanding of PDOL-based polymer electrolyte and provides new research ideas to boost them toward practical application in solid-state batteries.

关键词： Poly(1,3-dioxolane) Solid electrolyte Polymerization mechanism Composite electrolyte Practical application

What is the Role of Gravity,Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in High-mass Star Formation Clouds?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 21-27页

作者： An-xu Luo hong-li liu Guang-Xing li Sirong Pan Dong-Ting Yang School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data *** sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 *** observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple *** turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.

关键词： ISM:clouds stars:formation stars:kinematics and dynamics