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小城镇从“分化”到“再分化”的价值内涵辨释

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城市规划 2021年第5期45卷 46-55,82页

作者：乔晶耿虹华中科技大学华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院城乡规划系中国城市规划学会中国城市规划学会小城镇规划学术委员会

小城镇已基本完成以区域高度分化与个体规模差异为特征的第一次分化。进入到高质量发展时期,单纯以增长导向下的规模位序为内涵认知小城镇价值、引导区域发展结构已不具有适应性与持续性。从分工演化的视角,通过解析小城镇发展分化的约... 详细信息

小城镇已基本完成以区域高度分化与个体规模差异为特征的第一次分化。进入到高质量发展时期,单纯以增长导向下的规模位序为内涵认知小城镇价值、引导区域发展结构已不具有适应性与持续性。从分工演化的视角,通过解析小城镇发展分化的约束条件及其变化,明确小城镇从"分化"到"再分化"的内涵转变是个体在区域分工中由空间尺度跃迁向价值跃迁的转变,由此提出以区域化、网络化,以及基层社会稳定、地区生态安全、地域文化保护等方面的全域视角,细化认知、综合判别小城镇在区域发展中既有与潜在的分工价值,合理引导区域内小城镇在非均衡协调发展框架内分工合作,助推城乡融合与乡村振兴。

关键词：再分化分化分工演化跃迁小城镇

Bone/cartilage targeted hydrogel: Strategies and applications

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生物活性材料(英文) 2023年第5期23卷 156-169页

作者： Hao Zhang Shunli Wu Weikai Chen Yan Hu Zhen geng Jiacan Su Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

The skeletal system is responsible for weight-bearing,organ protection,and *** diseases caused by trauma,infection,and aging can seriously affect a patient’s quality of *** targeted biomaterials are suitable for the treatment of bone *** with bone-targeted properties can improve drug utilization and reduce side effects.A large number of bone-targeted micro-nano materials have been ***,only a few studies addressed bone-targeted *** large size of hydrogel makes it difficult to achieve systematic ***,local targeted hydrogel still has significant *** in bone/cartilage extracellular matrix and bone cells provide binding sites for bone-targeted *** delivery systems featuring microgels with targeting properties is a key construction strategy for bone-targeted ***,injectable hydrogel drug depot carrying bone-targeted drugs is another *** this review,we summarize the bone-targeted hydrogel through application environment,construction strategies and disease *** hope this article will provide a reference for the development of bone-targeted *** also hope this article could increase awareness of bone-targeted materials.

关键词： Bone Cartilage Hydrogel Target therapy Bone disease

Temporal expression of c-kit in spermatogenesis of two grasshopper species

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 445-450页

作者： ZHUO ZHAO SHU-MIN LU geng-SI XI College of life Sciences Jilin Normal University Siping Jilin College of life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi' an China

Two species of grasshoppers, Calliptamus abbreviatus （Ikonn.） and Shirakiacris shirakii （I. Bol.）, were collected randomly in the Siping area of Jilin Province, China. By using immunohistochemical methods and statistical analysis, we observed and compared the temporal expression of c-kit protein in four representative stages of spermatogenesis of the two grasshoppers, namely： spermatogonia; primary spermatocyte; secondary spermatocyte; and mature sperm. Results showed that there was c-kit positive temporal expression at each stage of spermatogenesis, but there were different positive expression levels：（i） weak positive expression of c-kit protein appeared in spermatogonia and the positive granules were thinner; （ii） strong positive expression of c-kit protein existed in primary spermatocyte and positive granules became biggest among all developmental stages; （iii） c-kit positive expression stayed stronger in secondary spermatocyte while positive granules became thinner; （iv） there was a strong positive expression of c-kit and thinner positive granules in mature sperm, which distributed on head and tail; （v） the biggest c-kit positive granules had been found massing at the end of spermary; and （vi） significant differences of c-kit positive expression existed in spermatogenesis between two species of grasshoppers. The results indicated that c-kit protein may play a crucial role in spermatogenesis and even retain the physiological action of sperms and fertilization in grasshoppers.

关键词： c-kit protein grasshoppers spermatogenesis temporal expression

Progress of super-resolution near-field structure and application in optical data storage

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2014年第4期7卷 475-485页

作者： Kui ZHANG Yongyou geng Yang WANG Yiqun WU Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University) Ministry of Education Harbin 150080 China

The era of big data has necessitated the use of ultra-high density optical storage devices. Super-resolution near-field structure （super-RENS）, which has successfully surpassed the fundamental optical diffraction limit, is one of the promising next generation high-density optical storage technologies. This technology combines the traditional super-resolution optical disk with a near-field structure, and has the advantages of structural simplicity, strong practicability, and, more importantly, compatibility with the current optical storage pickup. The mask layer in super-RENS functions as the key to realizing superresolution. Development of suitable materials and stack designs has greatly been improved in the last decade. This paper described several types of super-RENS, such as aperture-type, light scattering center-type, bubble-type, and other types （e.g., WOx and ZnO）, particularly the newly proposed super-RENS technology and research achievements. The paper also reviews the applications of super-RENS in high-density optical data storage in recent years. After analyzing and comparing various types of super-RENS technology, the paper proposes the aperturetype based on the mechanism of nonlinear optics as the most suitable candidate for practical applications in the near future.

关键词： super-resolution near-field mask layer optical nonlinear localized surface plasmas

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大口径平背形主镜背部支撑位置优化计算方法

光学技术 2007年第6期33卷 889-891,895页

作者：耿麒先杨洪波李延伟中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所

针对背部支撑方式的平背形反射镜,提出了一种确定主镜最佳背部支撑位置的优化计算方法。利用AN-SYS软件中的APDL语言建立了主镜的参数化模型。利用有限元法,以主反射镜光轴垂直时自重作用下的镜面最大变形量为目标函数,以相同工况下一... 详细信息

针对背部支撑方式的平背形反射镜,提出了一种确定主镜最佳背部支撑位置的优化计算方法。利用AN-SYS软件中的APDL语言建立了主镜的参数化模型。利用有限元法,以主反射镜光轴垂直时自重作用下的镜面最大变形量为目标函数,以相同工况下一阶自振频率为约束条件,对背部支撑点位置的相关参数和中心镜厚进行了优化分析,得到了满足镜面面型误差要求的最佳背部支撑位置及中心镜厚。

关键词：主镜背部支撑 APDL语言优化设计多层优化

Technology and Infrastructure Considerations for E-Commerce in Chinese Agriculture

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： geng Shu REN Tian-zhi WANG Mao-hua Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Institute of Natural Resource and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China Key Laboratory on Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research Ministry of Education/China Agricultural University Beijing 100081 P.R.China

Information technology （IT） was one of the most intensively studied and extensively applied technologies in the 20th century and its research and application will be even more accelerated in the 21st century. The impact of IT is more farreaching than any one may have had imagined, encompassing all facets and sectors of society. Economically, e-commerce generated more than $1.5 trillion in the US in 2004 and is projected to be 30, 15 and 2.6% of the total manufacturing, whole sales and retail sales in the US in 2006 respectively. IT research in agriculture has so far been particularly applied to such fields as precision farming and bioinformatics and in extension and farming practices. As such, its potential application in agricultural e-commerce has only begun to be explored. The United States Department of Agriculture has identified four different functions that e-commerce firms perform in the agricultural sector. They are：（1） information distribution, （2） input supply, （3） commodity trading floor, and （4） logistics/supply chain management. Unlike other industrial products, agricultural products are much more diverse and difficult to process and handle. For instance, fruits and vegetables are perishable and have to reach the market and the hands of consumers within a short period of time. One of the problems for IT applications in agriculture is the lack of standard measures in characteristics and quality of perishable produce and processing foods. Standards are pre-requisites for effective IT application and e-commerce. According to the Global Commerce Initiative, standards bring scalability, portability and affordability to the business process. Standards speed up the supply chain and reduce errors and protect technology investments and ensure system to system interaction and interoperability. Because the complexity of issues involved in standardization, the process of standardization must involve the input and discussion from all segments of the society. Being

关键词： information technology standardization e-commerce agricultural product

High-performance single-chip exon capture allows accurate whole exome sequencing using the Illumina Genome Analyzer

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Science China(life Sciences) 2011年第10期54卷 945-952页

作者： JIANG Tao YANG Lei JIANG Hui TIAN geng ZHANG XiuQing Beijing Genomics Institute Shenzhen 518000 China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101300 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100062 China

Here we present an adaptation of NimbleGen 2.1M-probe array sequence capture for whole exome sequencing using the Illumina Genome Analyzer (GA) *** protocol involves two-stage library *** specificity of exome enrichment was approximately 80% with 95.6% even coverage of the 34 Mb target region at an average sequencing depth of *** of our results with whole genome shot-gun resequencing results showed that the exome SNP calls gave only 0.97% false positive and 6.27% false negative *** protocol is also well suited for use with whole genome amplified *** results presented here indicate that there is a promising future for large-scale population genomics and medical studies using a whole exome sequencing approach.

关键词： whole exome sequencing exon capture SNP detection indel detection high-throughput resequencing

Image-Forming Visual Basis of Empathy for Pain in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第12期36卷 1563-1569页

作者： Kai-Wen geng Rui Du Na Wei Chun-li li Yan Wang Wei Sun Tao Chen Dong-Yu Wei Yang Yu Ting He Wen-Jun Luo Rui-Rui Wang Zhou-Feng Chen Jun Chen Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain Tangdu HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710038China Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior People's Liberation ArmyXi'an 710038China Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China Center for the Study of Itch Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Anesthesiology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA

Dear *** for distress refers to the highly evolutionarilyconserved ability of humans and other social animals to feel,recognize,and understand others’painful conditions(pain,fear,and catastrophe)[1,2]and even benefit others by releasing distress through sharing,caring,and cooperation[1].In the past decade,several types of lower empathic response have been gradually identified and characterized in laboratory rodents(rats and mice),referred to as empathic contagious pain[3-5],observational fear learning[2],and contagious itch[6].

关键词： distress catastrophe Visual

Differences between physiological and pathological convulsive thresholds in patients with epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第3期3卷 250-256页

作者： Yuxi liu Leiyu geng Jiali Xu Mingzheng Wang Ce Zhang Yu Zhang Research Institute of Epilepsy of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China Department of Neurology Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030053 Shanxi Province China Research Institute of function of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China

BACKGROUND： Physiological convulsive thresholds degrade when the brain is in some pathologic states; thus, a level of stimulus that cannot provoke a convulsion may evoke a seizure or epileptic seizure. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the changes that occur in the brain when the physiological convulsive threshold becomes pathological, and to determine what differences occur in pathological and physiological convulsive thresholds during the development of epilepsy. DESIGN： A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING： Research Institute of Epilepsy of Shanxi Medical University; Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Research Institute of Function of Shanxi Medical University. MATERIALS： Thirty-six female Wistar rats were selected for this study. The rats were obtained from the experimental animal center of Shanxi Medical University. All laboratory procedures complied with animal ethical standards. The animals were randomly divided into three groups： a strong current group, a weak current group and a control group, with 12 rats in each group. An automatic determinator of seizure threshold was made at Shanxi Medical University and Taiyuan University of Technology. Two bipolar stainless steel stimulating electrodes and an electrode connector （diameter 1.2 ram） were made at Taiyuan University of Technology. METHODS： This study was performed in the laboratory of Research Institute of the Epilepsy of Shanxi Medical University between December 2005 and August 2006. The threshold of localized seizures was measured by performing direct cortical stimulation in rats under anesthesia. After 1 week of post-operative recovery, electric stimulation was started with three different kinds of stimulation. Seizure activity was induced by a ramp-shaped single train of biphasic pulses （50 Hz, total pulse duration of 2 ms, increasing from 0 to 2 000μ A in 15 seconds）. The threshold of localized seizures （TLS） has been defined as the minimum current intens

关键词： epilepsy physiological convulsive threshold pathological convulsive threshold epileptic threshold cortical stimulation model