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An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 186-201页

作者： Mingyue Lv Ruyi Cai Renzimo zhang Xiju Xia xuelin li Yipan Wang Huan Wang Jianzhi Zeng Yifei xue Lanqun Mao yulong li State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesPeking University State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences PKU-IDG/Mc Govern Institute for Brain Research Yuanpei College Peking University Peking-Tsinghua Center for life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Peking University–Tsinghua University–National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Institute of Molecular Physiology Shenzhen Bay Laboratory College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Chinese Institute for Brain Research

Octopamine（OA）,analogous to norepinephrine in vertebrates,is an essential monoamine neurotransmitter in invertebrates that plays a significant role in various biological functions,including olfactory associative ***,the spatial and temporal dynamics of OA in vivo remain poorly understood due to limitations associated with the currently available methods used to detect *** overcome these limitations,we developed a genetically encoded GPCR activation-based（GRAB） OA sensor called *** sensor is highly selective for OA and exhibits a robust and rapid increase in fluorescence in response to extracellular *** GRABOA1.0,we monitored OA release in the Drosophila mushroom body（MB）,the fly's learning center,and found that OA is released in response to both odor and shock stimuli in an aversive learning *** OA release requires acetylcholine（ACh） released from Kenyon cells,signaling via nicotinic ACh ***,we discovered that OA amplifies aversive learning behavior by augmenting dopamine-mediated punishment signals via Octβ1R in dopaminergic neurons,leading to alterations in synaptic plasticity within the ***,our new GRABOA1.0sensor can be used to monitor OA release in real time under physiological conditions,providing valuable insights into the cellular and circuit mechanisms that underlie OA signaling.

关键词： octopamine dopamine GRAB sensor learning and memory

Telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies of cultivated and wild soybean provide insights into evolution and domestication under structural variation

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 92-95页

作者： Kai-Hua Jia Xiaoyan zhang Lei-Lei li Tian-Le Shi Dan liu Yongyi Yang Yunzhe Cong Runfang li Yanyan pu Yongchao Gong xue Chen Yu-Jun Si Rumei Tian Zhenya Qian Hanfeng Ding Nana li National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Crop Germplasm Resources Nursery(Dongying) Shandong International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources InnovationInstitute of Crop Germplasm ResourcesShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China College of Biological Sciences and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Shandong Provincial Center of Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources Jinan 250102China Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Weifang 261017China Shandong Huaya Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd.Jining 272400China

Dear Editor,Soybean(Glycine max)is a critical crop worldwide,renowned as a major source of edible oil and *** was domesticated approximately 5000-9000 years ago in China,between latitudes 32°N and 40°N,from its wild progenitor,Glycine *** recent years,numerous genome assemblies for both cultivated and wild soybeans have been published,with cultivated soybean genomes even achieving telomere-to-telomere(T2T)completeness(zhang et al.,2023a,2023b;Wang et al.,2023;Huang et al.,2024).

关键词： soybean insight evolution

Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression in Assessing Dengue Fever Spread Factors in Yunnan Border Regions

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期37卷 511-520页

作者： ZHU Xiao Xiang WANG Song Wang li Yan Fei zhang Ye Wu SU xue Mei ZHAO Xiao Tao National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102211China Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Pu’er 665000YunnanChina

Objective This study employs the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression(GTWR)model to assess the impact of meteorological elements and imported cases on dengue fever outbreaks,emphasizing the spatial-temporal variability of these factors in border *** We conducted a descriptive analysis of dengue fever’s temporal-spatial distribution in Yunnan border *** annual data from 2013 to 2019,with each county in the Yunnan border serving as a spatial unit,we constructed a GTWR model to investigate the determinants of dengue fever and their spatio-temporal heterogeneity in this *** The GTWR model,proving more effective than Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)analysis,identified significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in factors influencing dengue fever’s spread along the Yunnan ***,the GTWR model revealed a substantial variation in the relationship between indigenous dengue fever incidence,meteorological variables,and imported cases across different *** In the Yunnan border areas,local dengue incidence is affected by temperature,humidity,precipitation,wind speed,and imported cases,with these factors’influence exhibiting notable spatial and temporal variation.

关键词： Dengue fever Meteorological factor Geographically and temporally weighted regression

Hydraulic properties and drought response of a tropical bamboo (Cephalostachyum pergracile)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 406-415页

作者： Wanwalee Kongjarat Lu Han Amy Ny Aina Aritsara Shu-Bin zhang Gao-Juan Zhao Yong-Jiang zhang Phisamai Maenpuen Ying-Mei li Yi-Ke Zou Ming-Yi li xue-Nan li lian-Bin Tao Ya-Jun Chen CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China T-STAR Core Team Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOronoMEUSA Climate Change Institute University of MaineOronoME 04469USA School of Biological and Chemical Science Pu’er UniversityXueyuan RoadYunnan 665000China Institute of Ecology and Geobotany School of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China School of Ecology and Environment Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China Yuanjiang Savanna Ecosystem Research Station Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYuanjiangYunnan 653300China

Bamboo plants are an essential component of tropical ecosystems,yet their vulnerability to climate extremes,such as drought,is poorly understood due to limited knowledge of their hydraulic *** pergracile,a commonly used tropical bamboo species,exhibited a substantially higher mortality rate than other co-occurring bamboos during a severe drought event in 2019,but the underlying mechanisms remain *** study investigated the leaf and stem hydraulic traits related to drought responses,including leaf-stem embolism resistance(P50leaf;P50stem) estimated using optical and X-ray microtomography methods,leaf pressure-volume and water-releasing ***,we investigated the seasonal water potentials,native embolism level(PLC) and xylem water source using stable *** found that *** exhibited strong resistance to embolism,showing low P50leaf,P50stem,and turgor loss point,despite its rapid leaf water ***,its leaves displayed greater resistance to embolism than its stem,suggesting a lack of effective hydraulic vulnerability segmentation(HVS) to protect the stem from excessive xylem *** the dry season,approximately 49% of the water was absorbed from the upper 20-cm-deep soil ***,significant diurnal variation in leaf water potentials and an increase in midday PLC from 5.87±2.33% in the wet season to 12.87±4.09%in the dry season were *** summary,this study demonstrated that the rapid leaf water loss,high reliance on surface water,and a lack of effective HVS in *** accelerated water depletion and increased xylem embolism even in the typical dry season,which may explain its high mortality rate during extreme drought events in 2019.

关键词： Climate change Drought Hydraulic safety Hydraulic vulnerability segmentation Stable isotope Tree mortality

Experimental investigation on the yield behavior of metal foam under shear-compression combined loading

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第7期64卷 1412-1422页

作者： LUO Geng xue pu li yulong School of Automobile Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Joint International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and its Engineering Applications Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

Metal foams are typically subjected to quasi-static or dynamic shear-compression combined loading in applications such as energy absorbers and structure protectors. The yield behavior of a metal foam under dynamic and quasi-static shear-compression combined loadings is investigated in this study. First, quasi-static and dynamic compression-shear combined tests at different loading angles are conducted using a universal testing machine and a rotatable Hopkinson bar system, respectively. Shear deformation reduces the plateau stress as the loading angle increases. Subsequently, the yield modes of the metal foam under combined loadings are investigated. Only one yield band occurs under a combined loading with large loading angles(mode I),whereas several yield bands occur under a combined loading with small loading angles(mode II). Finally, the yield surface plot of metal foam indicates significant enhancement in terms of normal stress and shear stress under dynamic loading. Quasi-static and dynamic phenomenological yield criteria for a shear-normal stress space are established to provide a brief and precise prediction of the behavior of metal foam under quasi-static and dynamic combined loadings.

关键词： metal foam yield behavior shear-compression combined loading yield mode yield criterion

Mammals of Gaoligong Mountain in China:Diversity,distribution,and conservation

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Zoological Research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第1期1卷 3-19页

作者： Quan li xue-You li Wen-Qiang Hu Wen-Yu Song Shui-Wang He Hong-Jiao Wang Zhe-Chang Hu Meng-Cheng li Kenneth Otieno Onditi Zhong-Zheng Chen Chang-Zhe pu Yun Xiong Cai-Hong Rao Fu-You zhang Chang-Sheng Zuo xue-Long Jiang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Gaoligong Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province&Dulongjiang Forest Ecosystem Research Station KunmingYunnan 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Vector Laboratory Institute of Pathogens and VectorsYunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and PreventionDali UniversityDaliYunnan 671000China School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui 241002China Gongshan Administrative Sub-Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve NujiangYunnan 673500China Fugong Administrative Sub-Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve NujiangYunnan 673400China Baoshan Administrative Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve BaoshanYunnan 678000China Administrative Bureau of Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve DehongYunnan 679300China

Gaoligong Mountain(hereafter,GLGM)is located at the intersection of Myanmar and China’s Yunnan Province and Xizang Zizhiqu,and spans three globally significant biodiversity hotspots:the Himalayas,Indo-Burma,and the Mountains of Southwest *** surveys of mammals in this ecologically important region have a long history,there is no comprehensive systematic checklist and distribution account of the mammals of ***,we compiled a mammal species checklist of GLGM based on thorough field investigations and literature *** also examined specimen collections and applied camera trapping surveys to explore the region’s mammal diversity and distribution *** recorded 212 mammal species in nine orders,33 families,and 119 genera,which accounts for 30.5%of China’s mammal species,and a high proportion of nationally protected(50)and globally threatened(29)*** species richness showed a symmetrical unimodal curve along the elevation gradient,peaking at intermediate elevations(2000 to 2500 m above sea level(asl)),and increasing generally from south to north,slightly higher in the east slope than in the *** analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed three distinct elevational assemblages(3500 m asl)and significant south-to-north variation,but no substantial differences between the east and west *** GLGM present a unique conservation value due to the high proportions of rare and endangered mammal species,complex faunal composition,high endemism,and being the distribution boundary for many *** study is an important phased account of mammal diversity in GLGM and makes a prospect for future research.

关键词： Biodiversity hotspot Eastern Himalaya Gaoligong Mountain Endemism Mammal conservation Hengduan Mountains

High-velocity impact responses of 2618 aluminum plates for engine containment systems under combined actions of projectile form and oblique angle

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第6期32卷 1428-1441页

作者： Cunxian WANG Tao SUO yulong li pu xue Zhongbin TANG School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Engineering Application(IDEA) Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Fundamental Science on Aircraft Structural Mechanics and Strength Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ballistic impact tests were carried out with examined projectiles of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy to investigate the impact response of the 2618 aluminum plates at a nominal velocity of 210 m/s. The influence of projectile forms and oblique angles on damage formation was particularly discussed by applying different loading conditions such as multiple projectile forms and oblique angles. Additionally, the numerical simulation method was employed to provide further insight into the characteristics of damage and target responses. The Johnson-Cook(J-C)constitutive model with revised failure parameters was used to support the simulations to assess target responses and characteristics of the damage created from different impact conditions. Results show that there is a significant transition in the deformation mode as changes of the projectile form are applied. Moreover, the cracks on the back of the 2618 aluminum alloy plates impacted by the solid plate projectile and the hollow blade projectile tend to locate at different positions, which are supposed to be influenced by local bending and stretching. The work in this paper may provide guidance for the design of fan blade containment systems.

关键词： 2618 aluminum plate Damage characteristic High-velocity impact Johnson-Cook(J-C) Projectile forms

考虑平面弯曲变形的单跨排架结构布置规则性判定指标研究

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建筑结构学报 2024年第6期45卷 50-61页

作者：赵鹏飞薛雯李志浩刘学春陈学森马明张强李玉龙国家建筑工程技术研究中心北京100013 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司北京100013 北京工业大学北京市高层和大跨度预应力钢结构工程技术研究中心北京100124

周期比和扭转位移比是多高层结构抗震设计常用的控制指标,但无法真实反映大跨度结构平面布置规则性及其在地震作用下的变形、内力特征。为此,以单跨排架结构为主要研究对象,考虑其屋面结构面内弯曲刚度小等特点,根据控制平面布置规则性... 详细信息

周期比和扭转位移比是多高层结构抗震设计常用的控制指标,但无法真实反映大跨度结构平面布置规则性及其在地震作用下的变形、内力特征。为此,以单跨排架结构为主要研究对象,考虑其屋面结构面内弯曲刚度小等特点,根据控制平面布置规则性要求的本质目的,即控制抗侧力构件侧移的均匀性,提出判断其平面布置规则性的两个指标——广义扭转位移比和剪力-刚度匹配指标。探讨了两个指标在各种参数下的变化规律,建立了两个指标的函数关系,划定了基于广义扭转位移比的结构平面布置规则性限值。结果表明:广义扭转位移比和剪力-刚度匹配指标能更合理地表征地震作用下,单跨排架结构的响应特性;按照两个指标,排架结构平面布置规则性不但取决于抗侧力构件的布置、质量分布,也取决于结构面内弯曲刚度及平面弯曲变形大小。

关键词：排架结构结构规则性广义扭转位移比剪力-刚度匹配指标

Association analysis of an anti-obesity mechanism and key ripened pu-erh tea bioactive components by mimicking human general tea drinking

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Junyu liu Zhengyang Song Haihong Chen Wen Zeng Guirong Han Wei li Bing Xu Yuan Lu Canyang zhang Zhenglian xue Bin Lü Chong zhang Song Yang Yi Wang Xinhui Xing Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering Shenzhen Bay Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis， Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology， Department of Chemical Engineering， Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School， Tsinghua University Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology， Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas， School of life Sciences， Qingdao Agricultural University Anhui University of Technology Yunnan Shujian Tea Co.， Ltd.

pu-erh tea， a traditional Chinese beverage， performs an anti-obesity function， but the correlation between its components and efficacy remains unknown. Here， we screened two pu-erh teas with significant anti-obesity efficacies from 11 teas. In vitro experiments revealed that lipid accumulation in L02 cells and lipid synthesis in 3T3-L1 cells were significantly better inhibited by Tea-B than Tea-A. Further in vivo experiments using model mice revealed that the differences in chemical components generated two pathways in the anti-obesity efficacy and mechanism of pu-erh teas. Tea-A changes the histomorphology of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increases the abundance of Coriobacteriaceae＿UCG＿002 and cyclic AMP in guts through high chemical contents of cyclopentasiloxane， decamethyl， tridecane and 1，2，3-trimethoxybenzene， eventually increasing BAT activation and fat browning gene expression; the high content of hexadecane and 1，2-dimethoxy-benzene in Tea-B reduces white adipose tissue (WAT) accumulation and the process of fatty liver， increases the abundance of Odoribacter and sphinganine 1-phosphate， inhibits the expression of lipid synthesis and transport genes. These mechanistic findings on the association of the representative bioactive components in pu-erh teas with the anti-obesity phenotypes， gut microbes， gut metabolite structure and anti-obesity pathways， which were obtained for the first time， provide foundations for developing functional pu-erh tea.

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