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Approved HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past decade

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第4期12卷 1567-1590页

作者： guangdi li Yali Wang Erik De Clercq Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology Xiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078China Rega Institute for Medical Research Department of MicrobiologyImmunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium

HIV reverse transcriptase(RT)inhibitors are the important components of highly active antiretroviral therapies(HAARTs)for anti-HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis in clinical *** RT inhibitors and their combination regimens have been approved in the past ten years,but a review on their drug discovery,pharmacology,and clinical efficacy is ***,we provide a comprehensive review of RT inhibitors(tenofovir alafenamide,rilpivirine,doravirine,dapivirine,azvudine and elsulfavirine)approved in the past decade,regarding their drug discovery,pharmacology,and clinical efficacy in randomized controlled *** RT inhibitors such as islatravir,MK-8504,MK-8507,MK8583,IQP-0528,and MIV-150 will be also *** development may focus on the new generation of novel antiretroviral inhibitors with higher bioavailability,longer elimination half-life,more favorable side-effect profiles,fewer drug–drug interactions,and higher activities against circulating drug-resistant strains.

关键词： HIV treatment HAART NRTI NNRTI Clinical efficacy

基于生物信息学对骨关节炎铁超载关键基因的筛选与验证

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第9期29卷 1972-1980页

作者：邓柯淇李光第 GOSWAMI ASHUTOSH 刘星余何孝勇贵州医科大学贵州省贵阳市550004 贵州医科大学附属医院骨外科贵州省贵阳市550004

背景:铁超载是指体内铁积累过多的情况,可引起各种组织的病理改变。目前,对于骨关节炎中铁超载相关的分子机制和潜在基因靶点,仍有待进一步的研究和探索。目的:通过生物信息学手段分析骨关节炎铁超载关键基因,并利用动物实验加以验证,... 详细信息

背景:铁超载是指体内铁积累过多的情况,可引起各种组织的病理改变。目前,对于骨关节炎中铁超载相关的分子机制和潜在基因靶点,仍有待进一步的研究和探索。目的:通过生物信息学手段分析骨关节炎铁超载关键基因,并利用动物实验加以验证,以期为铁超载角度防治骨关节炎提供新的思路。方法:使用GEO数据库和GeneCards数据库筛选出与骨关节炎相关的基因和铁超载相关的基因。然后,取两者的交集,得到骨关节炎和铁超载共同相关的基因集合。采用GO和KEGG富集分析筛选这些基因的功能和通路。为了进一步研究这些基因之间的相互作用,构建PPI网络,并利用Cytoscape软件的5种计算方法来识别骨关节炎铁超载的关键基因(Hub基因)。将12只雄性SD大鼠分为骨关节炎组与对照组(正常大鼠),每组6只,骨关节炎组大鼠采用改良Hulth方法建立膝骨关节炎模型,并使用PCR检测Hub基因在两组大鼠膝关节组织中的表达情况。结果与结论:①共获得51个骨关节炎铁超载基因,GO富集分析表明其主要参与细胞因子受体结合、趋化因子受体结合、细胞因子活性、生长因子受体结合及寡糖结合等过程;②KEGG富集分析表明骨关节炎铁超载基因主要参与肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化等信号通路;③构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,进一步分析获得细胞间黏附分子1(intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)、肿瘤坏死因子配体超家族成员11(tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11,TNFSF11)、骨髓瘤细胞癌基因(myelocytomatosis oncogene,MYC)、Janus激酶2(janus kinase 2,JAK2)及白细胞介素6,5个骨关节炎铁超载Hub基因,动物实验证实其在对照组与骨关节炎组大鼠膝关节组织中的表达有显著差异(P<0.05);④结果显示,ICAM-1,TNFSF11,MYC,JAK2及白细胞介素6可作为骨关节炎铁超载的关键基因,有望成为防治骨关节炎的新靶点。

关键词：骨关节炎铁超载关键基因差异基因生物信息学动物实验实验验证生物标志物

DNA-based immunization against hepatitis B surface antigen carrying preS epitopes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第7期44卷 620-623页

作者： Jingyi Hui guangdi li Yuying Kong Yuan Wang Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Biochem Shanghai 200031 Peoples R China

Three plasmid expression vectors containing modified hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrying pres epitopes were constructed. Transient expression after in vitro transfection in COS-M6 cells showed that under the transcriptional control of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early promoter, fusion genes expressed the modified HBV envelope proteins which were efficiently secreted into culture medium and presented HBsAg, preS1 and preS2 antigenicity. DNA-based immunization with these plasmids carrying pres sequences induced anti-HBs antibody in BALB/c mice. The titers of anti-HBs antibody were higher than those appeared in mice immunized with plasmid carrying S gene only. DNA injection with plasmids containing preS1 sequences elicited also high titers of anti-preS1 antibody. Moreover, the antipreS1 antibodies were found to appear earlier than anti-HBs antibodies.

关键词： preS epitopes hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) DNA-based immunization antibody.

Effects of fencing on vegetation and soil restoration in a degraded alkaline grassland in northeast China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第4期6卷 478-487页

作者： Qiang li DaoWei ZHOU YingHua JIN Minling WANG YanTao SONG guangdi li Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography Science Northeast Normal University Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University

In order to restore a degraded alkaline grassland, the local government implemented a large restoration project using fences in Changling county, Jilin province, China, in 2000. Grazing was excluded from the protected area, whereas the grazed area was continuously grazed at 8.5 dry sheep equivalent（DSE）/hm2. In the current research, soil and plant samples were taken from grazed and fenced areas to examine changes in vegetation and soil properties in 2005, 2006 and 2008. Results showed that vegetation characteristics and soil properties improved significantly in the fenced area compared with the grazed area. In the protected area the vegetation cover, height and above- and belowground biomass increased significantly. Soil pH, electrical conductivity and bulk density decreased significantly, but soil organic carbon and total nitrogen concentration increased greatly in the protected area. By comparing the vegetation and soil characteristics with pre-degraded grassland, we found that vegetation can recover 6 years after fencing, and soil pH can be restored 8 years after fencing. However, the restoration of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations needed 16, 30 and 19 years, respectively. It is recommended that the stocking rate should be reduced to 1/3 of the current carrying capacity, or that a grazing regime of 1-year of grazing followed by a 2-year rest is adopted to sustain the current status of vegetation and soil resources. However, if N fertilizer is applied, the rest period could be shortened, depending on the rate of application.

关键词： vegetation and soil restoration fencing grazing alkaline soil semi arid region grassland degradation

Effects of vegetation height and density on soil temperature variations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第8期58卷 907-912页

作者： SONG YanTao ZHOU DaoWei ZHANG HongXiang li guangdi JIN YingHua li Qiang Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of Education Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (alliance between Industry&Investment NSW and Charles Sturt University) Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute

Reduction in vegetation cover caused by human activities has a great impact on soil temperature. It is important to assess how soil temperature responds to reduction of vegetation height and density. In this paper we first report the trends of mean annual soil surface and air temperatures recorded at the meteorological stations near the Ecological Research Station for Grassland Farming (ERSGF) from 1961 to 2007, then we setup an experiment using reed (Phragmites australis) stalks with different heights and densities to simulate effects of different vegetation height and density on soil and air temperatures. The warming rates of the mean annual soil and air temperatures were 0.043 and 0.041C a 1 , respectively. Changes of soil temperature were characterized by both increased mean annual maximum and minimum soil temperatures. At the experimental site, mean daily temperature, mean daily maximum soil and air temperatures increased significantly. In contrast, mean daily minimum soil temperature increased significantly while mean daily minimum air temperature decreased significantly as the height and density of reed stalks reduced during the experimental period. Mean diurnal soil temperature ranges were smaller than mean diurnal air temperature ranges. These results highlight that the importance of vegetation cover on soil and air temperatures.

关键词：土壤温度植被高度密度空气温度气温记录植被覆盖实验场地温度范围

Benefits of Conservation Agriculture on Soil and Water Conservation and Its Progress in China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第6期10卷 850-859页

作者： li ling-ling HUANG Gao-bao ZHANG Ren-zhi Bill Bellotti guangdi li Kwong Yin Chan Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Faculty of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 P.R. China Faculty of Resource and Environment Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 P.R.China School of Natural Sciences University of Western Sydney NSW 1797 Australia EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation （Alliance Between Investment ＆ Industry NSW and Charles Sturt University） Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute NSW 2650 Australia Investment ＆ Industry NSW NSW 2753 Australia

Conservation agriculture has been practised for three decades and has been spread widely. There are many nomenclatures surrounding conservation agriculture and differ to each other lightly. Conservation agriculture （CA） is a system approach to soil and water conservation, high crop productivity and profitability, in one word, it is a system approach to sustainable agriculture. Yet, because conservation agriculture is a knowledge-intensive and a complex system to learn and implement, and also because of traditions of intensive cultivation, adoption rates have been low, since to date, only about seven percent of the world＇s arable and permanent cropland area is farmed under conservation agriculture. The practice and wider extention of conservation agriculture thus requires a deeper understanding of its ecological underpinnings in order to manage its various elements for sustainable intensification, where the aim is to conserve soil and water and improve sustainability over the long term. This paper described terms related to conservation agriculture, presented the effects of conservation agriculture on soil and water conservation, crop productivity, progress and adoption of CA worldwide, emphasized obstacles and possible ways to increase CA adoption to accelerate sustainable development of China agriculture.

关键词： China conservation tillage crop residue mulch no-till soil and water conservation sustainability

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基于数字孪生技术的新型电力系统数字化

综合智慧能源 2024年第2期46卷 1-11页

作者：李成雲杨东升周博文杨波李广地东北大学信息科学与工程学院沈阳110819 东北大学辽宁省综合能源优化与安全运行重点实验室沈阳110819

随着“双碳”目标的提出,大规模的清洁能源、电力电子设备和新型负荷将接入电力系统,传统的电力系统管理控制模式难以应对双侧随机性、波动性增强等问题,电力系统的安全稳定运行迎来巨大挑战。数字孪生技术作为重要的数字化手段,成为电... 详细信息

随着“双碳”目标的提出,大规模的清洁能源、电力电子设备和新型负荷将接入电力系统,传统的电力系统管理控制模式难以应对双侧随机性、波动性增强等问题,电力系统的安全稳定运行迎来巨大挑战。数字孪生技术作为重要的数字化手段,成为电力系统转型升级新方法。针对新型电力系统内在机理发生的深刻复杂变化,综述了数字孪生的发展历程以及其在电力系统领域的研究现状,并从新型电力系统数字化需求、数字建模方法、数字化平台建设3个层面研究了电力系统数字化转型进程。最终,提出了以数字孪生技术为核心的新型电力系统建模方法和框架。

关键词：新型电力系统数字孪生技术清洁能源数字化转型电力电子设备 “双碳”目标

Optimized numerical density functional theory calculation of rotationally symmetric jellium model systems

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 349-355页

作者： guangdi Zhang li Mao Hongxing Xu School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430070China Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology Wuhan 430205China School of Microelectronics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450046China

In real space density functional theory calculations,the effective potential depends on the electron density,requiring self-consistent iterations,and numerous integrals at each step,making the process *** our research,we propose an optimization method to expedite density functional theory(DFT)calculations for systems with large aspect ratios,such as metallic nanorods,nanowires,or scanning tunneling microscope *** method focuses on employing basis set to expand the electron density,Coulomb potential,and exchange-correlation *** precomputing integrals and caching redundant results,this expansion streamlines the integration process,significantly accelerating DFT *** a case study,we have applied this optimization to metallic nanorod systems of various radii and lengths,obtaining corresponding ground-state electron densities and potentials.

关键词： density functional theory basis set integrals precomputation nanorod

Paleoenvironmental Characteristics of Paleogene Lacustrine Source Rocks in the Western Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China:Evidence from Biomarkers,Major and Trace Elements

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 220-240页

作者： WANG Xiang liU guangdi SONG Zezhang SUN Mingliang WANG Xiaolin WANG Feilong CHEN Rongtao GENG Mingyang li Yishu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China China National Offshore Oil Co. Ltd.(CNOOC)Tianjin Branch CompanyTianjin 300459China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100028China

The organic matter(OM)enrichment mechanisms and depositional environment characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the western Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin in Northeast China remain *** address these issues,based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis,kerogen macerals,H/C and O/C ratios,GC-MS,major and trace elements,the Dongying Formation Member(Mbr)3(E_(3)d_(3)),the Shahejie Formation mbrs 1 and 2(E_(2)s_(1+2)),and the Shahejie Mbr 3(E_(2)s_(3))source rocks in the western Bozhong Sag were *** above methods were used to reveal their geochemical properties,OM origins and depositional environments,all of which indicate that E_(2)s_(1+2)and E_(2)s_(3)are excellent source rocks,and that E_(3)d_(3)is of the second good quality.E_(3)d_(3)source rocks were formed under a warm and humid climate,mainly belong to fluvial/delta facies,the E_(3)d_(3)sediments formed under weakly oxidizing and freshwater ***,the depositional environments of E_(2)s_(1+2)source rocks were arid and cold climate,representing saline or freshwater lacustrine facies,and the sediments of E_(2)s_(1+2)belong to anoxic or suboxic settings with large evaporation and *** the period of E_(2)s_(3),the climate became warm and humid,indicating the freshwater lacustrine facies,and E_(2)s_(3)was characterized by freshwater and abundant ***,compared with other intervals,the OM origin of E_(3)d_(3)source rocks has noticeable terrestrial *** OM origin of the E_(2)s_(1+2)and E_(2)s_(3)are mainly plankton and *** subsidence and climate change have affected the changes of the depositional environment in the western Bozhong Sag,thus controlling the distribution of the source rocks,the geochemical characteristics in the three intervals of lacustrine source rocks have distinct ***,these factors are effective to evaluate the paleoenvironmental characteristics of source rocks by biomarkers,major and trace *** established models

关键词： petroleum geology source rocks depositional environments biomarkers major elements trace elements Bozhong Sag