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菌草穴盘苗取投苗装置设计与试验分析

中国农机化学报 2024年第10期45卷 9-16,53页

作者：叶大鹏青家兴吴逸腾赖鸿康翁海勇李庆福建农林大学机电工程学院福州市350100 福建省农业信息感知技术重点实验室福州市350100

目前菌草穴盘苗移栽过程中缺乏自动取投苗装置,通过分析取投苗装置的工作原理,建立运动学模型并优化结构参数,研发一种六杆式取投苗装置。根据菌草穴盘苗钵体的抗压力学特性、取投苗装置的基本约束与空间约束,优化分析得到各杆件的结构... 详细信息

目前菌草穴盘苗移栽过程中缺乏自动取投苗装置,通过分析取投苗装置的工作原理,建立运动学模型并优化结构参数,研发一种六杆式取投苗装置。根据菌草穴盘苗钵体的抗压力学特性、取投苗装置的基本约束与空间约束,优化分析得到各杆件的结构参数,建立虚拟样机得到仿真轨迹和运动学参数。进一步研制样机,结合高速摄像技术获取取投苗装置的实际运动轨迹,对比两种轨迹的一致程度,验证装置设计的合理性。以取投“绿洲一号”菌草穴盘苗为例,将主动杆转速、送苗装置倾斜角以及钵体含水率作为试验因素,取苗成功率、投苗成功率作为响应指标,开展三因素三水平正交试验。试验结果表明,在主动杆转速为30 r/min、钵体含水率为60%、送苗装置倾斜角为50°时,取投苗的效果最优。重复试验表明,在最优因素水平下,取苗成功率与投苗成功率分别为95.31%和93.4%。

关键词：菌草穴盘苗取投苗装置六杆装置自动化移栽设备

Challenges and countermeasures for developing countries in addressing loss and damage caused by climate change

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 353-363页

作者： Shuo liU Yu-E li Bin WANG An-Dong CAI Chao FENG Hua LAN Ruo-Chen ZHAO institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of agricultural Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China China Clean Development Mechanism Fund Management Center Beijing 100045China School of International Law China University of Political Science and LawBeijing 100088China

Loss and damage caused by extreme climate events have attracted increasing *** 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(hereinafter referred to as the Convention)has agreed to adopt Loss and Damage Fund agreement,which identified the source of funding and the funds to be entrusted to the World ***,there is still ambiguous that how to allocate the funds could accelerate the effectiveness of meeting the needs for developing ***-disaster prevention and preparedness is one of the most effective measures to deal with loss and damage,which closely related to *** studies rarely analyzed quantitatively the financial needs of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness relating to adaptation to reduce loss and *** on the official reports submitted by countries under the Convention,this study analyzes the annual change in the total financial support provided by developed countries to developing countries,the proportion of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness in the adaptation needs of developing countries,and the progress in raising the current annual funding target of 100 billion USD for developed countries,to reveal the financial and technical challenges facing by developing countries on addressing loss and *** results show that by 2030,the total adaptation financial needs of developing countries are estimated to be about 3.8 trillion USD,of which pre-disaster prevention matters account for about 9%.Therefore,by 2030,developing countries will need about 342 billion USD in pre-disaster prevention and preparedness finance to withstand loss and *** addition,developing countries face a lack of technical methods to quantify information about their *** on the above analysis,this study puts forward countermeasures and suggestions,including strengthening the allocation amount of loss and damage fund on pre-disaster warning,prevention and control actions,and

关键词： Loss and damage Funding mechanism Pre-disaster warning and preparedness Convention negotiations Countermeasures

Path Exploration and Countermeasure Innovation for Developing Circular Agriculture in Southeast China

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Asian agricultural Research 2014年第3期6卷 20-25,30页

作者： boqi weng Weili ZHANG Yixiang WANG agricultural ecology institute of Fujian Academy of agricultural Sciences agricultural Policy Research Office of Fujian Academy of agricultural Sciences

This paper firstly elaborated current situation of agricultural resources and ecological environment protection of China,and pointed out that circular agriculture is an inevitable choice for sustainable development of agriculture and effective approach for low-carbon economic development. Then,it analyzed mode and benefit of typical circular agriculture,such as ecological orchard in southeast hills,sightseeing ecological agricultural garden,and crop straw use. Finally,it came up with countermeasures for further developing circular agriculture,including integrating building system and establishing suitable mode,formulating production standard and ensuring food safety,strengthening technological innovation,and supporting sustainable development.

关键词： Southeast Circular agriculture Resource use Techni

非洲猪瘟病毒pE120R蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

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畜牧兽医学报 2024年第1期55卷 388-394页

作者：刘传霞王晓李雪雯鲍苗菲李婷婷陈欣翁长江郑君中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所、动物疫病预防控制国家重点实验室国家非洲猪瘟专业实验室基础免疫创新团队哈尔滨150069

本研究旨在表达非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)衣壳蛋白pE120R,并制备单克隆抗体,为其功能研究提供材料。以pCAGGS-Flag-pE120R为模板扩增pE120R基因片段,构建原核表达质粒pGEX-6p1-pE120R。将其转化BL21(DE3)感受态细胞后经IPTG诱导表达为可溶性pE... 详细信息

本研究旨在表达非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)衣壳蛋白pE120R,并制备单克隆抗体,为其功能研究提供材料。以pCAGGS-Flag-pE120R为模板扩增pE120R基因片段,构建原核表达质粒pGEX-6p1-pE120R。将其转化BL21(DE3)感受态细胞后经IPTG诱导表达为可溶性pE120R蛋白,采用GST Beads纯化pE120R蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠,然后取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞进行细胞融合,采用间接EliSA方法筛选获得了1株能够稳定分泌pE120R单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。结果表明,成功构建了原核表达质粒pGEX-6p1-pE120R,并获得较高纯度的pE120R蛋白。Western blot和间接免疫荧光(IFA)试验结果显示,pE120R单抗能特异性识别HEK293T细胞转染质粒表达的Flag-pE120R蛋白和肺泡巨噬细胞(PAMs)感染ASFV后表达的pE120R蛋白。该单抗的结合位点在30~60aa区域,并且该单抗亚类鉴定重链为IgG2a。本研究成功表达并纯化了可溶性的pE120R蛋白;制备了抗pE120R的单抗隆抗体,该抗体具有良好的特异性,为深入探讨ASFV pE120R蛋白的生物学功能奠定了基础。

关键词：非洲猪瘟病毒 pE120R蛋白原核表达单抗隆抗体

Effect of spatial pattern on nutrient reduction in the liaohe Delta

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2001年第3期11卷 336-349页

作者： li Xiu-zhen, XIAO Du-ning, HU Yuan-man, WANG Xian-li (institute of Applied ecology, CAS, Shenyang 110016, China) institute of Applied ecology CAS

The effect of spatial pattern on the nutrient reduction is investigated based on the spatial simulation model developed for the study area of the liaohe Delta, China. Four scenarios are designed to test the effect of different landscape components on the nutrient reduction in the reed marsh: Canal density, reed area size, reed area shrinking pattern, and pumping station position. Based on a spatial model designed for the study area, the nutrient reduction in each case of these scenarios is simulated. The results indicate that each factor brings less than 10% change in the total nutrient reduction rate. More canals will not help much to improve nutrient reduction. Smaller areas are more efficient than larger ones. The shrinkage pattern is better than others in keeping a higher nutrient reduction rate. It is also more efficient to keep the pumping station near the border of the area to be irrigated. These conclusions provide theoretical supports to strategy makers for local land use planning, and contribute to the understanding of the relationship between landscape patterns and functions.

关键词： pattern effect nutrient reduction wetland canal density area size shrinking pattern pumping station position

基于SSM的伊犁河流域主导产业选择定量化研究

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山地学报 2010年第2期28卷 199-205页

作者：陈忠升陈亚宁李卫红陈亚鹏中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室中国科学院研究生院

在梳理了传统主导产业选择基准理论与偏离-份额分析法基本原理的基础上,选取伊犁河流域1997年和2006年两个时间点的30个工业部门为分析对象,以国家范围内的30个工业部门的情况为参照,对研究区30个工业部门进行了份额偏离分量、结构偏离... 详细信息

在梳理了传统主导产业选择基准理论与偏离-份额分析法基本原理的基础上,选取伊犁河流域1997年和2006年两个时间点的30个工业部门为分析对象,以国家范围内的30个工业部门的情况为参照,对研究区30个工业部门进行了份额偏离分量、结构偏离分量和竞争力偏离分量的综合比较分析。结果表明,农副食品加工业、纺织业以及电力、热力的生产和供应业3个产业部门最有可能成为主导产业;同时,也说明研究方法具有基本客观性、有效性和较强的操作性。

关键词：偏离-份额分析法伊犁河流域主导产业选择

Suitable scale of Weigan River plain oasis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第S1期 56-64页

作者： HU ShunJun1,2, SONG YuDong1, TIAN ChangYan1, li YueTan1,4, li XiuCang1,4 & CHEN XiaoBing3 1 Key Laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert Environment, Xinjiang institute of ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ürümqi 830011, China 2 Key Laboratory for agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China 3 institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 4 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Desert coexists with oasis in long time, and the existence and development of oasis system demand better oasis vegetation ecological system. Oasis scale of arid zone plain encircling water should be determined in case of desertification caused by land over-reclamation under the circumstance of water resources shortage. Steady oasis with virtuous circle must have appropriate land use structure for agriculture, forestry and graziery. The study on the suitable scale and developmental space of oasis will provide theoretical and applicable foundation for effective construction of oases. By analyzing the hydrothermal, water and soil balance, an optimal mathematical model has been established. Based on hydrometeorology data collected for years in Weigan River plain, and by the principle of water balance, a calculation has been made of the water resources for evapotranspiration and the optimal acreage of oasis and cultivated land, which shows that the water resources for evapotranspiration in the Weigan River plain oasis is 22.32×108 m3 and the optimal oasis acreage under the condition of conventional irrigation mode is 3716.06 km2, in which the suitable cultivated land acreage is 1564.79 km2. Under the condition of water-saving irrigation, the suitable oasis acreage is 5515.49 km2, in which the suitable cultivated land acreage is 2322.31 km2. The oasis area had reached 4123 km2, and the cultivated land acreage had reached 1507 km2 after the Agriculture Irrigation Drainage Water Project of World Bank Loan in Weigan River basin was finished in 1997. The oasis and cultivated land acreage will be more suitable, and the oasis scale can be enlarged moderately by means of water saving irrigation.

关键词： suitable size oasis scale hydro-thermal balance equilibrium of water and land Weigan River

Mitigating growth-stress tradeoffs via elevated TOR signaling in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 240-257页

作者： Wei li Jiaqi liu Zeqi li Ruiqiang Ye Wenzhen Chen Yuqing Huang Yue Yuan Yi Zhang Huayi Hu Peng Zheng Zhongming Fang Zeng Tao Shiyong Song Ronghui Pan Jian Zhang Jumim Tu Jen Sheen Hao Du State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityYu-Hang-Tang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Hainan institute of Zhejiang University Sanya 572025China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CASCenter for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai lnstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChineseAcademy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education) College of Agricultural SciencesGuizhouUniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology Massachusetts General Hospitaland Department of GeneticsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA

Rice production accounts for approximately half of the freshwater resources utilized in agriculture,result-ing in greenhouse gas emissions such as methane(CH4)from flooded paddy *** address this chal-lenge,environmentally friendly and cost-effective water-saving techniques have become widely adopted in rice ***,the implementation of water-saving treatments(WsTs)in paddy-field rice has been associated with a substantial yield loss of up to 50%as well as a reduction in nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).In this study,we discovered that the target of rapamycin(TOR)signaling pathway is compromised in rice under *** profiling-coupled transcriptome sequencing(polysome-seq)analysis unveiled a substantial reduction in global translation in response to WST associated with the downregulation of TOR ***,biochemical,and genetic analyses revealed new insights into the impact of the positive TOR-S6K-RPS6 and negative TOR-MAF1 modules on translation repression under ***,ammonium exhibited a greater ability to alleviate growth constraints under WsT by enhancing TOR signaling,which simultaneously promoted uptake and utilization of ammonium and nitrogen *** further demonstrated that TOR modulates the ammonium transporter AMT1;1 as well as the amino acid permease APP1 and dipeptide transporter NPF7.3 at the translational level through the 5'untranslated ***,these findings reveal that enhancing TOR signaling could mitigate rice yield penalty due to WST by regulating the processes involved in protein synthesis and *** study will contribute to the breeding of new rice varieties with increased water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

关键词： target of rapamycin TOR water-saving rice low-carbon agriculture drought nitrogen use efficiency NUE

Global convergence in terrestrial gross primary production response to atmospheric vapor pressure deficit

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2016-2025页

作者： Chao Huang Jingfeng Huang Jingfeng Xiao Xing li Hong SHe Yu liang Fusheng Chen Hanqin Tian Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China institute of Applied Remote Sensing&Information Technology College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Systems Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Earth Systems Research Center Institute for the Study of EarthOceansand SpaceUniversity of New HampshireDurham NH 03824USA Research institute of Agriculture and life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea School of Natural Resources University of Missouri203 ABNR BuildingColumbiaMO 65211USA Schiller institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesBoston CollegeChestnut HillMA 02467USA

Atmospheric vapor pressure deficit(VPD)increases with climate warming and may limit plant ***,gross primary production(GPP)responses to VPD remain a mystery,offering a significant source of uncertainty in the estimation of global terrestrial ecosystems carbon *** this study,in-situ measurements,satellite-derived data,and Earth System Models(ESMs)simulations were analysed to show that the GPP of most ecosystems has a similar threshold in response to VPD:first increasing and then *** VPD exceeds these thresholds,atmospheric drought stress reduces soil moisture and stomatal conductance,thereby decreasing the productivity of terrestrial *** ESMs underscore CO_(2) fertilization effects but predict significant GPP decline in low-latitude ecosystems when VPD exceeds the *** results emphasize the impacts of climate warming on VPD and propose limitations to future ecosystems productivity caused by increased atmospheric water *** VPD,soil moisture,and canopy conductance interactions into ESMs enhances the prediction of terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change.

关键词： atmospheric water demands soil moisture stomatal conductance photosynthesis climate warming