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Genomics,metagenomics,and microbial oceanography—A sea of opportunities

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 473-480页

作者： FANG JiaSong 1,2 &ZHANG li 3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji university,Shanghai 200092,china 2 College of Natural and Computational Sciences,Hawaii Pacific university,Kaneohe,HI 96744,USA 3.tate Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,Faculty of Earth Sciences,china university of geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Microbial oceanography is an emerging discipline resulted from the interaction,cross-fertilization and integration of life science and ocean *** oceanography integrates the principles of marine microbiology,microbial ecology and oceanography to study the role of microorganisms in the biogeochemical dynamics of natural marine *** application of genomics tools to study marine microbes is resulting in rapid advancements in microbial oceanography that has important implications in global carbon cycle,climate change,and ecosystem *** we review the application of genomics and metagenomics in microbial oceanography and suggest future directions in microbial oceanography research.

关键词： microbial oceanography genomics metagenomics genes biomass bacteria archaea eukarya phylogeny physiology metabolism ecology biogeochemistry microbiology ecosystem function

Effect of Cr_(2)O_(3. on properties of CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(t)O-MgO system and dissolution behavior of lime

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 870-881页

作者： Shan-nan li Jian-li li Yue Yu Hang-yu Zhu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

The productivity of the chrome-containing semi-steel converter smelting process is directly affected by the slag-forming speed during the converter preliminary *** effects of Cr_(2)O_(3. content on the physicochemical properties of the CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(t)O-MgO system,such as melting temperature,solidification behavior,mineral composition,and lime dissolution rate,were *** results showed that the slag was an amorphous phase at 1500℃.When Cr_(2)O_(3. was added,Ca(Fe,Mg)Si_(2)O_(6) and spinel were formed in the *** the increase in Cr_(2)O_(3. content,the amount of spinel precipitation increased,and the dendritic FegO_(4) crystal gradually changed into the granular(Fe,Mg)(Fe,Cr)2O_(4) *** the Cr_(2)O_(3. content increased from O to 2.91 wt.%,the melting temperature of the slag rose,and the melting range of the slag expanded slightly,but the lime dissolution rate did not *** the Cr_(2)O_(3. content further increased to 9.09 wt.%,the melting temperature continued to rise,the melting range rapidly expanded,and the lime dissolution rate decreased.

关键词： Cr_(2)O_(3. Vanadium-titanium magnetite Converter Slag lime dissolution

Holographic superfluid ring with a weak link

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 29-38页

作者： Zhi-Hong li Huai-Fan li Department of Physics Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China

We explore the generation of topological defects in the course of a dynamical phase transition in a ring with a weak link, i.e., a SSS Josephson junction, from the AdS/CFT correspondence. By setting different parameters of the junction(width, steepness,depth) and the final temperature of the quench, the configurations of the charge density and condensate of the order parameters of the dual field theory are presented. Meanwhile, we observe that in the final equilibrium state, variations in parameters of the junctions only affect the configurations of the charge density and condensate of the order parameters, without altering their values outside the junction. However, variations in the final temperature will directly affect the values of the charge density and condensate of the order parameters outside of the junction. Moreover, in the final equilibrium state, we propose an analytic relation between the gauge-invariant velocity in the two superconducting states in the SSS Josephson junction, which agrees well with the numerical results.

关键词： AdS/CFT correspondence holographic superfluid holographic Josephson junction

Synthesis and photochromic properties of WO_3.powder induced by oxalic acid

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Science china Chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 609-614页

作者： SHEN Yi1, ZHU Hua1, HUANG Rong1, ZHAO li2 & YAN ShaNing1 1 Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, china university of {3., Wuhan 43.074, china 2 Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, hubei university, Wuhan 43.062, china 1. Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China

Tungsten trioxide powder with the novel morphology was prepared via the hydrothermal method with oxalic acid as the organic inducer, the structure and shape of which were detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BET. Furthermore, photochromic properties of the as-prepared powder samples were tested by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer combined with a color difference meter. The corresponding results indicated that the induced product was still hexagonal WO3. made up of regularly spindle particles with 200-3.0 nm in length and 3.-50 nm in width. The ratio of the length and width was from 4 to 10. Moreover, the special morphology improved its absorptive capacity to the excitation light source, resulting in its high photochromic properties.

关键词： WO3 powder photochromism oxalic acid organic inducer

The deformation pattern and fault rate in the Tianshan Mountains inferred from GPS observations

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第8期51卷 1064-1080页

作者： YANG ShaoMin1,2, li Jie1,3.& WANG Qi2,1 1 Research Center of Space Science and Technology, china university of {3., Wuhan 43.074, china 2 Institute of Seismology, china Earthquake Administration, Wuhan 43.071, china 3.Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 83.011, china 1. Research Center of Space Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Wuhan 430071 China 3. Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011 China

Based on GPS measurements conducted from 1992 to 2006, we present the current crustal movement velocity field for approximately 400 sites in the Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent areas, and estimate slip rates on the major faults using a 2-D elastic dislocation model. Our studies show slip rates within the range of 1―4 mm/a on the NW-SE trending strike-slip faults (such as Talas-Fergana fault) in the Tianshan Mountains. We also found the slip rates on the approximately WE-SN trending gently-dipping detachment fault vary from 10―13.mm/a for the southwest Tianshan Mountains to 2―5 mm/a for the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and to 6―12 mm/a for the Kyrgrz Tianshan. The GPS velocity field reveals that the total convergence is not uniformly distributed across the Tianshan Mountains, with 80%―90% of the N-S shortening absorbed along the southern and northern edges, and relatively little deformation accommodated within the interior. This first-order feature of strain pattern is explained best by underthrusting of adjacent blocks beneath the Tianshan Mountains along a basal detachment fault. We found the occurrence of historical M7―8 earthquakes somewhere in the locked ramp that connects the creeping and locking segments of the detachment, thereby resulting in elastic strain concentration and accumulation around it. The elastic strain confined in the upper crustal layer above the detachment ultimately releases through infrequent great earthquakes in the Tianshan Mountains, resulting in considerable folding and faulting at their margins. The Tianshan Mountains propagated outward and rose progressively as a wedge-shaped block.

关键词： Tianshan Mountains GPS slip rates tectonic deformation

Exploring the deep biosphere

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第2期54卷 157-165页

作者： FANG JiaSong1,2 & ZHANG li3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji university, Shanghai 200092, china 2 College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawaii Pacific university, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA 3.State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Over the past two decades, scientific drilling into sediments and rocks in the ocean and the continent has revealed the presence of physiologically and phylogenetically complex microbial life in the deep subsurface. Microorganisms, most of which have no cultured or known relatives in the surface biosphere, have been discovered in sediments and rock at depth as deep as 1 km below the seafloor and more than 3.km deep in the continent. The deep biosphere probably represents the most voluminous part of the global biosphere and may constitute as much as 50% of the Earth’s biomass. In this article, we review the current knowledge of and most recent advances in studying the deep biosphere and suggest directions in future research.

关键词： deep biosphere Thomas Gold microorganism biomass DNA ribosome ODP CARD-FISH dark energy lipids serpentinization

Additives strategies to improving cycling stability of li metal batteries by modifying electrode electrolyte interphases

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 338-344页

作者： Yuan li Pengfei Huang Chunyu Cui Xiaoyuan Ma li Chen Zekun li linhai li Yuhong Tian School of Biological and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and Technology School of College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Isky Future Energy Institute

li metal batteries（LMBs） have attracted much attention due to the ultra-high theoretical capacity of the li metal anode（LMA）.However,the uncontrollable dendrites growth and low coulombic efficiency hinder their practical ***,we explore 3.5-difluoropyridine（2F-BD） as a novel electrolyte additive to enable highperformance *** 2F-BD additive participates in and modifies the solvation structure of li ions by reducing the coordinated number of PF6-at the electrode surface,leading to the formation of a liF and li3.-rich solid electrolyte interphase（SEI）.The liF component increases the robustness of SEI and suppresses the formation of li dendrites,while the li3. component facilitates the transportation and reaction kinetics of li *** a result,the li‖li symmetric cell presents a stable cycling performance of up to 500 h at a current density of 1 mA *** coupling with liFePO4cathode,the obtained full cell achieves high specific capacities of 106.06 mA h g-1and 84.98 mA h g-1at 2.55 mA cm-2and 5.10 mA cm-2,respectively,and maintains a high capacity retention of84.0% after 1000 cycles at 0.13.mA cm-2,with an average cycling CE of 99.58%.

关键词： li metal batteries li dendrites Electrolyte additive liF and li3.-Rich electrode-electrolyte interphase liFePO4 cathode

Erosion Characteristics of Oil-immersed On-load Tap Changer Contacts Under Varying Contact Speeds and Pressures

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 21-34页

作者： Zongying li Shuaibing li Yongqiang Kang Zheng li Hongwei li School of New Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

With the growing demand for precise voltage adjustment and reactive regulation,the frequent operation of on-load tap changers(OLTCs)in oil-immersed systems has led to increased erosion of switch contacts by arcs during the switching *** erosion causes significant wear on the contacts,thereby reducing their ***,the present study aims to investigate the behavior and mechanism of arc erosion on contact surfaces in oil-immersed *** achieve this,a self-designed friction and wear test device for OLTC contacts was utilized to conduct experiments at various sliding speeds and contact ***,finite element analysis was employed to validate the experimental results regarding the influence of sliding speed on arc *** surface morphology of the contacts was observed using an optical *** findings revealed that as the sliding speed increased,the arc energy,arc initiation rate,and contact resistance initially exhibited an upward trend,then decreased,and eventually increased *** minimum values were observed at a sliding speed of 90 mm/***,the arc energy,arc initiation rate,and contact resistance decreased gradually as the contact pressure *** reaching a contact pressure of 1.5 N,the variation in the arc energy *** lower contact pressures,arc erosion dominated the wear on the contact ***,at higher contact pressures,the wear transitioned from predominantly arc erosion to a combination of mechanical wear and arc *** summary,experimental and analytical investigations provided insights into the effects of sliding speed and contact pressure on the behavior of arc erosion,contact resistance,and surface damage of OLTC contacts in oil-immersed systems.

关键词： Oil-immersed on-load tap changer arc energy contact resistance friction and wear arc erosion

A numerical method for spherical particle motion in turbulent flow with large Reynolds number

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第4期11卷 407-414,442页

作者： ZHANG Yong\|ze\+1, li Jia\+2, li Ke feng\+2, WANG Xuan\+3.(1. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, china 2. Sichuan {3., Chengdu 610065, china 3. Beijing Normal {3., Beijing 100875, china) 中国环境科学院标准所北京四川大学高速水力学国家重点实验室四川成都北京师范大学环科所北京

A new mathematical model, fluctuation spectrum random trajectory model (FSRTM) for the particle motion in environmental fluid was developed using Lagrangian method, in which the time mean velocity of the fluid was calculated by a time mean velocity formula for two dimensional homogeneous shear turbulent flows in open channel, the velocity fluctuation of the fluid was determined by Fourier expansion and fluctuation spectrum, and the particle motion equation was solved using Ronge Kutta method. For comparison, the spherical cation exchange resins with a density of 1 44 g/cm\+3.and diameters ranging from 0 50—0 60 mm, 0 60—0 70 mm and 0 80—0 90 mm were selected as the experimental solid particles, and their moving velocities and trajectories in shear turbulent flows with the flow Reynolds number of 4710, 10240, 11900 and 20760 were investigated. The comparing analyses of the modeled results with the measured results have shown that the model developed in this paper can describe the motions of the particles in shear turbulent flow.

关键词： shear turbulent flow particle motion fluctuation spectrum random trajectory model