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A model for the response of wave directions in slowly turning wind fields

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第4期11卷 499-508页

作者： li luping and Gong Ein {2. institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6003, China first institute of {2. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266003 China China

On the basis of the wave energy balance equation, the response model of mean directions of locally wind-generated waves in slowly turning wind fields has been derived. The results show that in a homogeneous field, the time scale of the response is not only related to the rate of wave growth, but also to the directional energy distribution and the angle between the wind direction and the mean wave direction. Furthermore, the law of change in the mean wave direction has been derived. The numerical computations show that the response of wave directions to slowly turning wind directions can be treated as the superposition of the responses of wave directions to a series of sudden small-angle changes of wind directions and the turning rate of the mean wave direction depends on the turning rate and the total turning angles of the wind direction. The response of wave directions is in agreement with the response for a sudden change of wind directions if the change in wind directions is very fast. Based on the normalized rates of wave growth under local winds presented by Wen et al. (1989), a quantitative estimate of the time scale of the response shows that the relationships between the dimensionless time scale and both the dimensionless total wave energy and the dimensionless peak frequency agree fairly well with the observations in comparison with other models.

关键词： wave A model for the response of wave directions in slowly turning wind fields

Numerical experiments of HAB inducement in qingdao adjacent coastal area

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 109-120页

作者： liU Xuehai li Ruixiang YUAN Yeli College of Physical and Environmental oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China first institute of {2. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling State Oceanic Administration First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

A three-dimension ecological dynamic model was established to numerically study the relationship of HAB and environmental *** numerical experiments showed that the growth of diatom,the dominant HAB specie,was mainly restricted by phosphate and *** the concentrations of phosphate and silicate reach 17-2. μg/L and 300-375 μg/L respectively,the water is in a {2. of *** phosphate and silicate up to 2.-32.μg/L and 350-500 μg/L respectively,HAB could be *** major regions of HAB occurrence are Jiaozhou Bay mouth,coastal bays,and coastal area from Maidao to *** avoid HAB occurrence,concentration of phosphate and silicate should not exceed 17-2. μg/L and 300 μg/L as a *** control of pollutant discharge is a key point to prevent water eutrophication and HAB occurrence.

关键词： HAB numerical model marine ecosystem dynamics environmental condition

THE RE-DERIVATION OF THE VORTICITY EQUATION OF THE LAYERED FLOW OF THE SHALLOW SEA

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 10-16页

作者： Zhang Qing-hua, li Jian ke, Qu Yuan yuan first {2. of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6061, China first Inst. of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The scale analysis of the layered flow problem of the shallow sea shows that the parameter of E V represented the relative thickness of the friction layer is the little value larger than Rossby number. This illustrates that they are not ignorable and the important control factors of the layered flow although friction effect is only limited within interface Ekman layer and bottom Ekman layer. Using larger little parameter E V as the little perturbation parameter is more reasonable than using the classical Rossby number ε. By using the perturbation expansion and doing the researches of the structure of the Ekman layer on the sea surface, sea bottom and interface, a group of new layered flow vorticity equation is derived. It combines the vorticity of the flow of every layer, the inclination of the interface, the inclination of the sea bottom and the wind stress vorticity on the sea surface. Different from the conventional vorticity equation, which derived by using Rossby number as little parameter and is applied to large scale motion, it allows relatively large interfaces fluctuation, even it is applied to the problem that interface touch the bottom or touch the sea surface.

关键词： interface Ekman layer interface fluctuation touch the bottom touch the sea surface

The continental shelf wave of the East China Sea and its effect on the Kuroshio

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第3期11卷 367-374页

作者： Kong Xiangde, Yin Xunf u and li Fanhua first {2. of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6003, China

The free shelf wave theory is applied to the practical case of the continental shelf in the East China Sea to analyse the effects of the shelf wave on the Kuroshio. The results indicate that the shelf wave in lower frequency travels from north to south and its phase velocity is proportional to the Kuroshio's current velocity) the maximum current velocity of the Kuroshio lies at the continental margin. The analytical solutions obtained indicate that the hydrodynamic characters of the sea region over the shelf present band structure. The horizontal motion ( x -component) caused by the shelf wave at the margin may be one of the causes for generating wavy pattern of the Kuroshio's axis .

关键词： The continental shelf wave of the East China Sea and its effect on the Kuroshio wave

Distribution of molluscan remains in the sediment of the Chukchi Sea and its vicinity, the Arctic

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 607-619页

作者： Gao Aiguo 1,2. Xu Fengshan3, Sun Haiqing 1,2. li Lon1 1. first {2. of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6061,China. 2. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6061,China 3. {2. of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, qingdao 2.6071,China first institute of {2. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Key Lab. Mar. Sedimentol./Environ. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The result of an analysis of mollusca remains collected from the Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea and Bering Sea in the first Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, from July to September, 1999 is presented. Seventeen species of mollusca have been identified, which belong to two classes: Bivalvia and Gastropoda. The compositions of the mollusca are very simple. According to the distribution pattern two groups may be distinguished among molluscan species. The Pan-Arctic and circumboreal group comprises Nuculana pernula, ***, Nucula bellotii, Astarte montagui, Seripes groenlandicus, Macoma calcarea, M. moesta alaskana, liocyrna fluctuosa, Mya pseudoarenaria and Turritella polaris. Three species, Cyclocardia crebricostata, Trichotrois coronata and Argobuccinum oregonense are components of the Pan-Arctic and Pacific boreal group. With regard to feeding habits, detritus feeders dominate. There are 7 species of detritus feeders, i.e., Nuculana pernula, N. radiata, Nucula bellotii, Macoma calcarea, M. moesta alaskana, Macoma sp. and Trichotropis coronata. Detritus feeders are dominant with regard to the numbers of species as well as to the frequency of occurrence. Macoma calcarea is the most abundant species.

关键词： Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea Bering Sea molluscan remains

Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tan-Lu Fault zone in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第18期55卷 1908-1916页

作者： li XiShuang1,2.ZHAO YueXia1,2.liU BaoHua1,2.liU ChenGuang1,2.PEI Yanliang1,2.HAN GuoZhong1,2.& HUA QingFeng1,2.1Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology,state oceanic administration,qingdao 2.6061,China 2.8} institute of oceanography,state oceanic administration,qingdao 2.6061,China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China first institute of {2. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The Tan-Lu Fault zone (TLFZ) is a significant fractural zone in eastern China and also a seismicity belt in North China. Based on total 4000-km-long shallow penetrated single seismic data with high-resolution, structural deformation and fault activity of the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene are discussed in detail. The results show that the TLFZ with a discontinuous distribution and a general NNE-trending consists of 14 active subfaults with an NNE or NE strike in the Bohai Sea. Seismic data reveal that deformation zones along the subfaults in the central Bohai Sea and the Laizhou Bay are wider and more complex than those in the liaodong Gulf. Related folds and lots of secondary normal faults which are characterized by nearly vertical fault planes and a same or reverse dip construct the fractural zone in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. Usually, micro sym-metrical grabens develop on the top of anticlines. In the liaodong Gulf, subfault fractural zones usually consist of secondary normal faults with the same inclination or opposite inclination. Ages of seismic sequences and cutting relation between subfaults and seismic sequences suggest that the latest faulting age of the TLFZ is the end of the late Pleistocene in the liaodong Gulf and the early Holocene in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. There is a good match between distribution of earthquakes and that of the subfaults in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai. Statistical result shows that total vertical offset of the TLFZ since the late Pleistocene ranges from 6 to 11 m. On the basis of offsets of the subfaults, the vertical slip rate is calculated and results show that average vertical slip rates in the central Bohai Sea are larger than those in the liaodong Gulf and the Laizhou Bay. Slip rates more than 0.06 mm/a during 2.-10 ka B.P. and 85-65 ka B.P. are larger than those in other stages. The TLFZ was mainly dominated by tensional normal component since the late Pleistocene

关键词： Tan-Lu 差错地区结构的变丑差错活动迟了的更新世 Bohai 海

A study on the numerical prediction method for the vertical thermal structure in the Bohai Sea and the Huanghai ***-dimensional numerical prediction model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第1期11卷 25-34页

作者： Wang Zongshan, Xu Bochang, Zou Emei, Yang Keqi li Fanhua first {2. of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 2.6003, China

In this paper, on the basis of the heat conduction equation without consideration of the advection and turbulence effects, one-dimensional model for describing surface sea temperature ( T1), bottom sea temperature ( Tt ) and the thickness of the upper homogeneous layer ( h ) is developed in terms of the dimensionless temperature θT and depth η and self-simulation function θT - f(η) of vertical temperature profile by means of historical temperature *** results of trial prediction with our one-dimensional model on T, Th, h , the thickness and gradient of thermocline are satisfactory to some extent.

关键词： A study on the numerical prediction method for the vertical thermal structure in the Bohai Sea and the Huanghai Sea-I.One-dimensional numerical prediction model

EI NIO PHENOMENON AND EXTENDED ASSOCIATE PATTERN ANALYSIS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2004年第1期16卷 90-100页

作者： CUIMao-chang MOJun QIAOFang-li instituteofOceanology ChineseAcademyofSciences.Qingdao266071China／KeyLaboratoryofMarineScienceandNumericalmodelingTheFirstInstituteofOceanographyStateOceanicAdministrationQingdao266061China. instituteofOceanology ChineseAcademyofSciences.Qingdao266071China KeyLaboratoryofMarineScienceandNumericalmodeling TheFirstInstituteofOceanographyStateOceanicAdministrationQingdao266061China

To study the causes of El Nino Phenomenon the Extended Associate PatternAnalysis (EAPA) is set up with monthly sea surface wind stress and precipitation besides Sea LevelPressure (SLP) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in or over the Pacific and related seas since 1979in present paper. The results show that El Nino Phenomenon means a SST redistribution, coveringalmost the whole Pacific that needs a huge amount of energy provided by air-sea interaction in themost Pacific regions; It is the wester burst and wind convergence, coming from meddle latitudesdirectly, instead of Kelvin waves that produce the strong SST warm signal in Nino regions; Twonegative SLP anomalies in middle of the North and South Pacific, most likely produced by the averageair pressure decreasing effect of explosive cyclones through precipitation, and the positive SLPanomaly o-ver the Asia-Australia land bridge, coming mainly from the south hemisphere with a littleinfluence from the Asian continent, are the three major causes for El Nino onset, they work togetherto produce anomalous wind convergence in Nino regions and wester burst in middle of the North andSouth Pacific that result in a warm tongue and cold pincers gearing together; Basically, during itsearly stage the ocean is forced by the atmosphere, while during its late stage the atmosphere isforced by the ocean.

关键词： extended associate pattern analysis (EAPA) El nino phenomenon

Geochemistry and environment evolution of Core E in the Laizhou Bay since last stage of Middle Pleistocene

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第3期20卷 391-399页

作者： Han Deliang, Yu Hongjun, li Guanbao 1. Ocean University of {2., {2. 2.6003, China 2. first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, {2. 2.6061, China 3. institute of Oceanology. Chinese Academy of Sciences. {2. 2.6 Ocean University of qingdao Qingdao 266003 China first institute of {2. State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Geochemistry analysis has been done on Core E (37 07' N, 118 55' E; depth: 82.1 m) taken from the Laizhou Bay in 1994. Nine kinds of invariable elements, 15 kinds of microelements and the content of lime carbonate are measured by means of ICP. The results indicate that most of the invariable elements and microelements in Core E show significant changes in the boundary stratotype, and the ratios between elements (Mn/Fe, Sr/Ba, Ti/Al) in particular. So they can be used as characteristic indicator to stratigraphic division of Quaternary. The changes of invariable elements are primarily controlled by the host minerals, and they mainly indicate the provenance as well as the sedimentation and depositional environment. Several elements, such as Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, Mn and Ti, are very sensitive to the provenance and environment. The distribution of microelements differs in four depositional periods: last stage of Middle Pleistocene, last interglacial period, last glacial period and Recent epoch, and especially in the 'cold period' and 'warm period'. The loops in the cycle curves of the most microelements correspond with the sand bed sediments, among which there are six sand units representing 'warm period' sediments, and one representing 'cold period' sediments. The carbonate is on the high side in the aeolian silt sediments formed in the glacial lowering of sea level in Core E, but on the low side in the transgressive sand beds formed in the interglacial period. The content variation of carbonate has a direct bearing on the grain size and the styles of sediments, and is a good indicator to the climate, environment and stratigraphic division.

关键词： Laizhou Bay last stage of Middle Pleistocene geochemistry paleo-environment element strata