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原发性胆汁性肝硬变的发病机制及药物治疗

世界华人消化杂志 2000年第5期8卷 564-566页

作者：潘勤李定国上海第二医科大学附属新华医院上海市200092

原发性胆汁性肝硬变是由肝内外胆道系统长期胆汁瘀积引起的慢性进行性脂肪变性疾病.通常发生于更年期或绝经期的女性;发病率约1/50000～1/160000;具有高免疫球蛋白血症,自身抗体阳性等特征.病理上表现为汇管区或小叶间胆管呈分段性、斑... 详细信息

原发性胆汁性肝硬变是由肝内外胆道系统长期胆汁瘀积引起的慢性进行性脂肪变性疾病.通常发生于更年期或绝经期的女性;发病率约1/50000～1/160000;具有高免疫球蛋白血症,自身抗体阳性等特征.病理上表现为汇管区或小叶间胆管呈分段性、斑块性损害或汇管区胆小管广泛增生,伴急性或慢性炎性细胞浸润及纤维变性.发病机制至今不甚明确,缺乏理想的治疗药物.近年来认为与自身免疫有关,也可能与遗传和雌激素水平改变有一定关系.为此,人们已尝试应用多种药物治疗原发性胆汁性肝硬变.

关键词：肝硬化胆汁性病因学免疫学药物疗法

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siRNAs在基因治疗中的应用

世界华人消化杂志 2005年第16期13卷 2040-2042页

作者：胡迎宾李定国上海第二医科大学附属新华医院消化内科上海市200092

利用小分子物质特异性沉默基因表达是一种有效的治疗手段,许多研究正在利用这些小分子物质的作用而创造出新的治疗性药物.小干扰RNAs(smallinterferingRNAs,siRNAs)最有可能成为这类药物中的新成员.本文将从siRNAs的沉默机制、基因沉默... 详细信息

利用小分子物质特异性沉默基因表达是一种有效的治疗手段,许多研究正在利用这些小分子物质的作用而创造出新的治疗性药物.小干扰RNAs(smallinterferingRNAs,siRNAs)最有可能成为这类药物中的新成员.本文将从siRNAs的沉默机制、基因沉默效率、表达载体,siRNAs在活体内的应用以及作为可能的治疗性药物等方面,探讨其应用于临床治疗的巨大潜能.

关键词： siRNAs 基因治疗小分子物质基因沉默类药物治疗手段基因表达表达载体临床治疗

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重视瘦素在肝纤维化领域中的研究

世界华人消化杂志 2005年第15期13卷 1801-1803页

作者：李定国刘清华上海第二医科大学附属新华医院消化科上海市200092

瘦素(leptin)是一种由肥胖基因编码的分泌型蛋白质,具有广泛的生物学效应.近年来的研究显示,瘦素与肝纤维化形成之间有密切联系.在慢性病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝硬化、原发性胆汁性肝硬化等患者中均可见血清瘦素水平异常.目前国内外研究主... 详细信息

瘦素(leptin)是一种由肥胖基因编码的分泌型蛋白质,具有广泛的生物学效应.近年来的研究显示,瘦素与肝纤维化形成之间有密切联系.在慢性病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝硬化、原发性胆汁性肝硬化等患者中均可见血清瘦素水平异常.目前国内外研究主要集中于瘦素与活化肝星状细胞(HSC)间的关系、瘦素对细胞因子分泌的调控,以及瘦素对肝纤维化胶原产生及降解的影响.本文从流行病学入手,阐述瘦素促进肝纤维化形成的证据,以探讨瘦素参与肝纤维化的作用机制,强调瘦素在该领域中的研究已初见端倪,必须引起我们足够的重视.

关键词：瘦素肝纤维化血清瘦素水平肝纤维化形成星状细胞(HSC) 原发性胆汁性肝硬化慢性病毒性肝炎分泌型蛋白质肥胖基因编码酒精性肝硬化

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细胞移植在肝脏疾病中的应用研究

世界华人消化杂志 2005年第16期13卷 1941-1944页

作者：孙超李定国陈源文上海第二医科大学附属新华医院消化内科上海市200092

近年,随着对肝干细胞研究的深入,肝细胞移植、干细胞移植等细胞移植在肝脏疾病中的应用研究日益增多,为肝脏终末期疾病的治疗开辟了一条新的治疗途径.本文对细胞移植的细胞来源、实验模型及临床应用等方面的研究现状予以阐述,为各种肝... 详细信息

近年,随着对肝干细胞研究的深入,肝细胞移植、干细胞移植等细胞移植在肝脏疾病中的应用研究日益增多,为肝脏终末期疾病的治疗开辟了一条新的治疗途径.本文对细胞移植的细胞来源、实验模型及临床应用等方面的研究现状予以阐述,为各种肝脏疾病的治疗提供借鉴.

关键词：细胞移植肝干细胞肝病肝细胞移植肝脏疾病肝脏终末期疾病干细胞研究干细胞移植细胞来源临床应用

Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He li li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 632-645页

作者： Yuanwei li Xiaoxiao Xu Xuan Wu Jiarui li Shiling Chen Danyang Chen Gaigai li Zhouping Tang Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates. Since the inflammation and immune response play a central role in driving ischemic damage, it becomes essential to modulate excessive inflammatory reactions to promote cell survival and facilitate tissue repair around the injury site. Various cell types are involved in the inflammatory response, including microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils, each exhibiting distinct phenotypic profiles upon stimulation. They display either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory states, a phenomenon known as ‘cell polarization.’ There are two cell polarization therapy strategies. The first involves inducing cells into a neuroprotective phenotype in vitro, then reintroducing them autologously. The second approach utilizes small molecular substances to directly affect cells in vivo. In this review, we elucidate the polarization dynamics of the three reactive cell populations(microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils) in the context of ischemic stroke, and provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms involved in their phenotypic switching. By unraveling the complexity of cell polarization, we hope to offer insights for future research on neuroinflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： astrocyte polarization immune regulation inflammation ischemic injury microglia polarization neutrophil polarization signaling pathways stroke

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Design of a cationic accelerator enabling ultrafast ion diffusion kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 377-384页

作者： Yawei Xiao Qianqian Gu Haoyu li Mengyao li Yude Wang National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Green Low-carbon Technologies Yunnan University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion *** address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn2+diffusion *** employing electrodeposition to coat MoS2on the surface of BaV6O16·3H2O nanowires,the directional built-in electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn2+diffusion into the active *** optimized Zn2+diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-6O16·3H2O@MoS2(7.5×10～8cm2s-1) surpasses that of most reported V-based ***,MoS2serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV6O16·3H2O@MoS2full batteries to over 10000 *** work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.

关键词： Internal electric field Cationic accelerator Ion diffusion kinetics Cathode modification strategy Aqueous zinc ion battery

Preparation of silver nanoparticles through the reduction of straw-extracted lignin and its antibacterial hydrogel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 504-514页

作者： Lou Zhang Shuo li Fu Tang Jingkai Zhang Yuetong Kang Hean Zhang lidong li State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial ***,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water *** this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing *** analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag *** surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their *** the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite *** inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag *** prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.

关键词： silver nanoparticles hydrogel straw extraction antibacterial

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Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong li li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models