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山药产地加工本草考证和现代研究进展

中华中医药学刊 2024年第9期42卷 79-84页

作者：付聪李军卢恒王晓李宝国山东中医药大学药学院山东济南250355 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)山东省分析测试中心山东济南250014

山药为药食同源类大宗中药材品种,在我国使用历史悠久,在临床和日常保健中均有广泛应用。产地加工是山药品质形成的关键技术环节,不同产地加工方法对山药外观性状及内在质量等均有一定的影响。随着传统工艺发展和实践经验积累,山药产地... 详细信息

山药为药食同源类大宗中药材品种,在我国使用历史悠久,在临床和日常保健中均有广泛应用。产地加工是山药品质形成的关键技术环节,不同产地加工方法对山药外观性状及内在质量等均有一定的影响。随着传统工艺发展和实践经验积累,山药产地加工技术愈发成熟,逐渐形成了具有特色的产地加工工艺。但由于山药品种、产地和用途差异性的影响,目前山药产地加工缺乏标准化指导,制约了山药规范化生产,亟需寻求科学合理的产地加工方法。为此,通过查阅历代本草古籍、历版《中华人民共和国药典》等记载,并结合现代文献研究,对山药产地加工技术进行梳理和归纳,以期为山药的规范化生产和深入研究提供参考。

关键词：山药产地加工本草考证现代研究

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四川泡菜母水的微生物群落与理化特性分析

中国食品学报 2024年第2期24卷 281-291页

作者：胡此海杨絮郭全友郑尧李保国范逸文上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院上海200093 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所上海200090

为明确泡菜母水中的优势微生物与理化特性的相关性,采用高通量测序技术分析母水中的微生物群落结构,并进行相关性分析。结果表明:泡菜母水的总酸含量为3.00~18.90 g/kg,pH值为3.27~4.71,盐含量为11.00~15.50 g/100 g,检出草酸、苹果酸... 详细信息

为明确泡菜母水中的优势微生物与理化特性的相关性,采用高通量测序技术分析母水中的微生物群落结构,并进行相关性分析。结果表明:泡菜母水的总酸含量为3.00~18.90 g/kg,pH值为3.27~4.71,盐含量为11.00~15.50 g/100 g,检出草酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸和乳酸等7种有机酸。微生物主要群落包括厚壁菌门和子囊菌门2个门,占比均超过99.00%。优势细菌是乳杆菌属、片球菌属,优势真菌是毕赤酵母属、哈克斯坦酵母属、德巴利酵母属。相关性分析表明,乳酸杆菌属与乳酸呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与乙酸呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。片球菌属与苹果酸呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:乳酸杆菌和片球菌是泡菜母水的优势微生物,研究结果为泡菜母水高效发酵菌株的选育和泡菜工业化生产提供试验参考。

关键词：泡菜母水高通量测序微生物多样性理化特性相关性

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中国式现代化的辩证法意蕴

晋阳学刊 2024年第5期 3-8页

作者：李保国段金悦成都医学院马克思主义学院成都610500

中国式现代化具有丰富的辩证法意蕴。中国式现代化既具有现代化发展的一般性特征,实现了发展与秩序的双重任务,又具有鲜明的中国内容、中国特征和中国风格,是普遍性与特殊性的统一;中国式现代化既是对世界历史发展一般规律的遵循和把握... 详细信息

中国式现代化具有丰富的辩证法意蕴。中国式现代化既具有现代化发展的一般性特征,实现了发展与秩序的双重任务,又具有鲜明的中国内容、中国特征和中国风格,是普遍性与特殊性的统一;中国式现代化既是对世界历史发展一般规律的遵循和把握,也是中国人民充分发挥主动性和创造性,根据自身国情、历史和实践经验作出的正确选择,体现了历史决定性与主体选择性的统一;中国式现代化不仅拥有中国共产党强有力的领导力量,而且始终把人民作为推进现代化的依靠力量,得到人民群众的真心拥护和支持,实现了党的领导与人民主体地位的统一;中国式现代化彰显了深厚的民族精神,承载着中华民族伟大复兴的历史使命,回应了现代化进程中的全球性挑战,为世界人民提供了现代化发展道路的新选择,突出了民族性与世界性的统一。系统把握中国式现代化蕴含的辩证关系,有助于更全面深入地理解中国式现代化的内涵与逻辑,为全面推进和拓展中国式现代化建设提供有力支撑。

关键词：中国式现代化辩证法民族复兴

Postconflict behavior among female Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus roxellana within one-male units in the Qinling Mountains,China

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 222-226页

作者： Jian ZHANG Dapeng ZHAO baoguo li College of life Sciences Northwest University Xi＇an 710069 China Institute of Zoology Shaanxi Academy of Sciences Xi＇an 710069 China Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

For group-living primates, the information on postconflict management is crucial for understanding primate competition and cooperation. However, such information is poorly known for snub-nosed monkeys, especially for wild populations. In this study, from September 2007 to June 2008, we investigated postconflict behavior among adult females Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus roxellana within one-male units in a wild, provisioned group in the Qinling Mountains of China by means of the time-rule method and the PC-MC method. We obtained a total of 81 PC-MC pairs and each individual was involved in only 0.004 aggressive behavior per observation hour. The first affiliative behavior was more likely to occur within the first minute after a conflict. The postconflict affiliative behaviors most often seen were contact-sit, embrace and grooming. The affiliative contacts between adult females occur due to selective attraction, i.e. reconciliation. The pattern of postconflict affiliation demonstrates that the R. roxellana belongs to a tolerant species.

关键词： Sichuan snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana Female Postconflict behavior Reconciliation

New advances in virtual plant research

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第11期46卷 888-894页

作者： Yan Guo baoguo li China Agr Univ Coll Resources & Environm Dept Soil & Water Sci Beijing 100094 Peoples R China

Virtual plants are computer simulations of the growth, development and deployment of plants in a three-dimensional space. Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made in virtual plant modeling corresponding to the rapid advances in information technology. Virtual plant research has broad applications in agronomy, forestry, ecology, and remote sensing areas. In this review, we attempt to introduce the significance, modeling methodology, and main advances in virtual plant research and applications. The challenges associated with virtual plant modeling in agronomy applications, including the interaction mechanism between plant and environment and root system modeling, are also discussed. Insights into applications of virtual plants in agronomy are given in the areas of performing virtual experiments to accurately quantify the utilization of soil water and nutrients, to design crop ideotype on computers, and to improve crop planting.

关键词： virtual plant plant architecture three-dimensional digi- tizing visualization virtual experiment.

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非人灵长类的个性研究进展

兽类学报 2024年第1期44卷 118-128页

作者：李念隆赵海涛李炜王晓卫王程亮牟俊洁李保国陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室西北大学生命科学学院西安710069 陕西省动物研究所西安710032 延安大学生命科学学院延安716000

个性的研究能够加深对群居动物个体间差异和群体的社会组织模式的了解,这使其成为非人灵长类学者关注的一个热点话题,并为社会心理学和行为生态学交叉融合发展提供新的方法与思路。本文简要总结了目前灵长类个性的分类定义、评定方法与... 详细信息

个性的研究能够加深对群居动物个体间差异和群体的社会组织模式的了解,这使其成为非人灵长类学者关注的一个热点话题,并为社会心理学和行为生态学交叉融合发展提供新的方法与思路。本文简要总结了目前灵长类个性的分类定义、评定方法与研究内容,并详细介绍了研究进展中的突出成果:从激素变化、特定基因位点差异和环境条件3个角度解释个性形成机制;将个性在个体健康和认知中的功能应用到灵长类的饲养管理中,有效提升动物福利。为了更好地回答行为生态学理论问题,今后需进一步拓展对野生环境中非人灵长类个体的个性以及行为模式的探索,建议从性选择、社群结构以及空间动态深入研究,切实为濒危物种保护提出新的思路。

关键词：非人灵长类个性行为模式认知动物福利

Sex differences in anogenital distances and digit ratios in wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 180-185页

作者： Dapeng ZHAO Zhuoyue CHEN baoguo li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance College of Life Sciences Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387China College of life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China

The prenatal hormonal environment plays an important role in organizing sex differences in the morphology, physiology and behavior of humans as well as other vertebrates. Currently, all related research on rodents has been focused on Myomorpha. This study presents data on sex differences in the anogenital distance （AGD） and the ratio of the second to the fourth digit length （2D：4D） from 44 wild David＇s rock squirrels Sciurotamias davidianus captured from the Qinling Mountains, China. This was the first study of a species from Sciuromorpha. The AGD as well as body mass are sexually dimorphic. There are no sex differences or lateral asymmetry in 2D：4D. Significant correlation was not found between AGD and 2D：4D for any paw. The findings indicate that 2D：4D may not be fixed or influenced by the prenatal steroidal environment in David＇s rock squirrels [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 180-185, 2014].

关键词： Anogenital distance 2D:4D Seiurotamias davidianus Sex dimorphism

Do deposed adult male Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus roxellana roam as solitary bachelors or continue to interact with former band members?

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Current Zoology 2009年第3期55卷 235-237页

作者： Dapeng ZHAO baoguo li College of life Sciences Northwest University Xi＇an 710069 China

Dispersal patterns exhibited by group-living animals play an important role in individual reproductive success and survival, as well as population and social dynamics （Greenwood, 1980; Isbell and van Vuren, 1996; Kappeler and van Schaik, 2002）. Dispersing individuals may emigrate voluntarily, or they may be forcibly evicted by other individuals （Pusey and Packer, 1987; Clobert et al. , 2001 ）. One cause of individual dispersal is when an extra-group male compels another male to leave a group of females. This phenomenon has been well documented in primates, especially Old World monkey species （ e.g. Colobus vellerosus ： Saj and Sicotte, 2005 ; Erythrocebus patas ： Ohsawa, 2003 ; Macaca fascicularis ： van Noordwiik and van Schaik, 2001）.

关键词： Deposed males All male groups One-male groups Behavioral strategy

Female waist-to-hip ratio,body mass index and sexual attractiveness in China

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 175-181页

作者： B.J. DIXSON baoguo li A.E DIXSON School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington P O Box 600 Wellington New Zealand College of life Sciences and Key Laboratory Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwestern University Xi＇an China

Men and women at Northwest University （n=751）, Xi＇an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographs of female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios （WHR）. Micrograft surgery involves harvesting adipose tissue from the waist and reshaping the buttocks to produce a low WHR and an ‘hourglass＇ female figure. This gynoid distribution of female body fat has been shown to correlate with measures of fertility and health. Significantly larger numbers of subjects, of both sexes, chose post-operative photographs, with lower WHRs, as more attractive than pre-operative photographs of the same women. Some patients had gained, and some had lost weight, post-operatively, with resultant changes in body mass index （BMI）. However, these changes in BMI were not related to judgments of attractiveness. These results show that the hourglass female figure is rated as attractive in China, and that WHR, rather than BMI, plays a crucial role in such attractiveness judgments.

关键词： China Waist-to-hip ratio Body mass index Female attractiveness Sexual selection