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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 377-388页

作者： Tao Pan Hong-chun Zhu Zhou-hua Jiang Hua-bing li Rui Zhang Hao Feng School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina

A 2D axisymmetric numerical model was established to investigate the variations of molten pool with different melt rates during the vacuum arc remelting of 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel,and the ingot growth was simulated by dynamic mesh *** results show that as the ingot grows,the molten pool profile changes from shallow and flat to V-shaped,and both the molten pool depth and the mushy width ***,the variation of both the molten pool shape and the mushy width melt rate is clarified by the thermal equilibrium *** melt rate increases,both the molten pool depth and the mushy width *** is caused by the increment in sensible heat stored in the ingot due to the limitation of the cooling capacity of the *** nonlinear increment in sensible heat leads to a nonlinear increase in the mushy *** addition,as melt rate increases,the local solidification time(LST)of ingot decreases obviously at first and then *** melt rate is controlled in a suitable range,LST is the lowest and the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the ingot is the smallest,which can effectively improve the compactness degree of 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel.

关键词： 8Cr4Mo4V high-strength steel Vacuum arc remelting process Melt rate Molten pool Local solidification time

A quantum federated learning framework for classical clients

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 1-10页

作者： Yanqi Song Yusen Wu Shengyao Wu Dandan li Qiaoyan Wen Sujuan Qin Fei Gao State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 00876China Department of Physics The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

Quantum federated learning(QFL)enables collaborative training of a quantum machine learning(QML)model among multiple clients possessing quantum computing capabilities,without the need to share their respective local ***,the limited availability of quantum computing resources poses a challenge for each client to acquire quantum computing *** raises a natural question:Can quantum computing capabilities be deployed on the server instead?In this paper,we propose a QFL framework specifically designed for classical clients,referred to as CC-QFL,in response to this *** each iteration,the collaborative training of the QML model is assisted by the shadow tomography technique,eliminating the need for quantum computing capabilities of ***,the server constructs a classical representation of the QML model and transmits it to the *** clients encode their local data onto observables and use this classical representation to calculate local *** local gradients are then utilized to update the parameters of the QML *** evaluate the effectiveness of our framework through extensive numerical simulations using handwritten digit images from the MNIST *** framework provides valuable insights into QFL,particularly in scenarios where quantum computing resources are scarce.

关键词： client server quantum

A novel lightweight computerized ECG interpretation approach based on clinical 12-lead data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 449-463页

作者： liU YunQing QIN ChengJin liU JinLei JIN YanRui li ZhiYuan ZHAO liQun liU Chengliang School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Labof Artificial Intelligence(Ministryof Education) AI InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Cardiology Shanghai First Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080China

Although 12-lead electrocardiograms(ECGs)provide a wide range of spatiotemporal characteristics,interpreting them for arrhythmia detection is difficult due to a lack of reliable large-scale clinical ***,we proposed an innovative lightweight computerized ECG interpretation approach based on 12-lead *** model was trained,validated,and tested on 53845 standard 12-lead ECG records collected at Shanghai First People’s Hospital in affiliation with Shanghai Jiao Tong *** experiments revealed that our approach had a classification accuracy of 94.41%in the classification task of seven types of rhythms,which was markedly superior to related single-lead and 12-lead ECG classification ***,the average receiver operating characteristic area under the curve reached a value of 0.940,and the precision values for sinus tachycardia and sinus bradycardia were 0.945 and 0.91,respectively,with specificity values of 0.996 and *** employing our boosting method,we were able to improve the accuracy to 94.85%.To investigate the performance degradation of the proposed neural network in some classes,an ECG cardiologist was enlisted to review questionable ECGs;this process provides a promising direction for network performance ***,the proposed computerized ECG interpretation approach has practical significance because it could help professional physicians analyze patients’heart conditions based on real-time 12-lead ECG or grade their disease severity in advance.

关键词： computerized ECG interpretation large-scale 12-lead clinical ECG database lightweight neural network

Amorphous NiMo_(3)S_(13)/nickel foam integrated anode for lithium-ion batteries

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 438-446页

作者： Ming-Xin Shi Min Wu Shan-Shan Xiao Shan-Ping liu Rui-Qi Yao Ying-Qi li Yong-Hui Wang Yang-Guang li Hua-Qiao Tan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education Faculty of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130118China Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier Universite de MontpellierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifi quePlace E.Bataillon34095 Montpellier Cedex 05France

Although crystalline anode materials with long-range ordered lattice structure are in favor of facilitating the electron transfer,their structures are easily disrupted during long-term cycling due to the continuous embedding/de-embedding of lithium *** contrast,the amorphous materials have abundant defects and lithium ion storage sites,refl ecting a superior reaction kinetics and long-term cycling ***,we synthesize an integrated hybrid anode by in-situ loading amorphous NiMo_(3)S_(13)nanosheets on nickel foam *** ting from the introduction of Ni^(2+)that amorphizes the molybdenumsulfur clusters,the assembled lithium ion battery based on the integrated NiMo_(3)S_(13)/nickel foam anode delivers a specifi c capacity up to 1659 mA·h·g^(−1)at a current density of 0.6 A·g^(−1)and exhibits superior rate/cycling performance.

关键词： Molybdenum-sulfur clusters Amorphous Integrated anode Crystalline lithium-ion batteries

Determination of multilevel chirality in nickel molybdate films by electron crystallography

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8571-8577页

作者： Jing Ai Yu Wang liyuan li Jianqiang Wang Te Bai Shunai Che Lu Han Sinopec(Shanghai)Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201208China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Chiral inorganic materials have attracted great attention owning to their unique physical and chemical properties attributed to the symmetry-breaking of their *** inorganic materials can be endowed with chiral geometric configurations from achiral space group crystals through lattice twisting,screw dislocations or hierarchical self-assembled spiral morphologies,showing various characteristic chiral ***,the multilevel chirality in chiral nickel molybdate films(CNMFs)remains to be elaborately *** this paper,we report three hierarchical levels of chirality in CNMFs,spanning from the atomic to the micron scale,including primary helically coiled nanoflakes with twisted atomic crystal lattices,secondary helical stacking of layered nanoflakes,and tertiary asymmetric morphology between adjacent *** findings may enrich the chiral self-assembly structural types and provide valuable insights for the comprehensive analysis path of hierarchical chiral crystals.

关键词： chiral inorganic material nickel molybdate structural analysis transmission electron microscopy electron crystallography

The genetic basis and process of inbreeding depression in an elite hybrid rice

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1727-1738页

作者： Xiaodong Xu Yawen Xu Jian Che Xu Han Zhengji Wang Xianmeng Wang Qinghua Zhang Xu li Qinglu Zhang Jinghua Xiao Xianghua li Qifa Zhang Yidan Ouyang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Inbreeding depression refers to the reduced performance arising from increased homozygosity,a phenomenon that is the reverse of heterosis and exists among plants and *** a natural self-pollinated crop with strong heterosis,the mechanism of inbreeding depression in rice is largely *** understand the genetic basis of inbreeding depression,we constructed a successive inbreeding population from the F_(2)to F_(4)generation and observed inbreeding depression of all heterotic traits in the progeny along with the decay of heterozygosity in each *** expected depression effect was largely explained by 13 QTLs showing dominant effects for spikelets per panicle,11 for primary branches,and 12 for secondary branches,and these loci constitute the main correlation between heterosis and inbreeding ***,the genetic basis of inbreeding depression is also distinct from that of heterosis,such that a biased transmission ratio of alleles for QTLs with either dominant or additive effects in four segregation distortion regions would result in minor effects in expected ***,two-locus interactions may change the extent and direction of the depression effects of the target loci,and overall interactions would promote inbreeding depression among *** an F_(2:3)variation population,the actual performance of the loci showing expected depression was evaluated considering the heterozygosity decay in the background after *** found inconsistent or various degrees of background depression from the F_(2)to F_(3)generation assuming different genotypes of the target locus,which may affect the actual depression effect of the locus due to *** results suggest that the genetic architecture of inbreeding depression and heterosis is closely linked but also differs in their intrinsic mechanisms,which expand our understanding of the whole-genome architecture of inbreeding depression.

关键词： rice inbreeding depression spikelet development dominance segregation distortion epistasis

Multimodal abnormalities of brain structures in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder:An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第7期14卷 1106-1117页

作者： Yan-Ping Shu Qin Zhang Yong-Zhe Hou Shuang liang Zu-li Zheng Jia-lin li Gang Wu Department of Psychiatry of Women and Children The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Medical Humanities College Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)in adolescents and young adults contributes significantly to global morbidity,with inconsistent findings on brain structural changes from structural magnetic resonance imaging *** likeli-hood estimation(ALE)offers a method to synthesize these diverse findings and identify consistent brain *** We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for neuroi-maging studies on MDD among adolescents and young adults published up to November 19,*** independent researchers performed the study selection,quality assessment,and data *** ALE technique was employed to synthesize findings on localized brain function anomalies in MDD patients,which was supplemented by sensitivity *** Twenty-two studies comprising fourteen diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)studies and eight voxel-based morphome-try(VBM)studies,and involving 451 MDD patients and 465 healthy controls(HCs)for DTI and 664 MDD patients and 946 HCs for VBM,were ***-based ALE demonstrated significant reductions in fractional anisotropy(FA)values in the right caudate head,right insula,and right lentiform nucleus putamen in adolescents and young adults with MDD compared to HCs,with no regions exhibiting increased FA ***-based ALE did not demonstrate significant alterations in gray matter *** analyses highlighted consistent findings in the right caudate head(11 of 14 analyses),right insula(10 of 14 analyses),and right lentiform nucleus putamen(11 of 14 analyses).CONCLUSION Structural alterations in the right caudate head,right insula,and right lentiform nucleus putamen in young MDD patients may contribute to its recurrent nature,offering insights for targeted therapies.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Adolescent Young adults Neuroimaging Diffusion tensor imaging Voxel-based morphometry Activation likelihood estimation Meta-analysis

Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO_(2) in the western North Pacific:The role of subtropical mode water transportation

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 103-112页

作者： Cheng-long li Lei Han Wei-dong Zhai Di Qi Xu-chen Wang Hong-mei lin li-wen Zheng Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China China-ASEAN College of Marine Science and Technology Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China Polar and Marine Research Institute Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Weihai Institute of Marine Ecology and Economy Research Weihai 264400China

Oceanic uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO_(2)(CANT)are regulated by ocean circulation and *** decipher the storage and redistribution of CANT in the western North Pacific,where a major CANT sink develops,we investigated the water column carbonate system,dissolved inorganic radiocarbon and ancillary parameters in May and August 2018,spanning the Kuroshio Extension(KE,35-39°N),Kuroshio Recirculation(KR,27-35°N)and subtropical(21-27°N)*** column CANT inventories were estimated to be 40.5±1.1 mol m^(-2) in the KR zone and 37.2±0.9 mol m^(-2) in the subtropical *** comparison with historical data obtained in 2005,relatively high rates of increase of the CANT inventory of 1.05±0.20 and 1.03±0.12 mol m^(-2) yr^(-1) in the recent decade were obtained in the KR and subtropical zones,*** water-mass-based analyses suggest that formation and transport of subtropical mode water dominate the deep penetration,storage,and redistribution of CANT in those two *** the KE zone,however,both the water column CANT inventory and the decadal CANT accumulation rate were small and uncertain owing to the dynamic hydrology,where the naturally uplifting isopycnal surfaces make CANT penetration relatively *** findings of this study improve the understanding of the spatiotemporal variations of CANT distribution,storage,and transport in the western North Pacific.

关键词： Oceanic CO_(2)uptake Anthropogenic CO_(2)storage Subtropical mode water Kuroshio extension Kuroshio recirculation Western North Pacific

The influence of proxy selection on global annual mean temperature reconstructions during the Common Era

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2522-2534页

作者： Bao YANG Xia li Minhui HE Feng WANG Yesi ZHAO Peng ZHANG Jianglin WANG Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling School of Geography and Ocean ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Centre Eau Terre Environnement Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueQuébecQCG1K 9A9Canada GEOTOP Research Centre in the Dynamics of the Earth System MontréalQC H2X 3Y7Canada

The reconstruction of global annual mean temperatures made by the PAGES 2k Consortium in 2019 represents one of the most influential sequences of global climate variability over the Common ***,it is still not clear how the reconstruction can be influenced by the selection of reconstruction methods and the selection of proxy records with different temporal resolutions over different *** adopt a widely used Composite-Plus-Scale method to elucidate the effects of the selection of the proxy records on temperature *** ensure the uniformity of data,different types of proxy records spanning the past~2000 years from the PAGES 2k proxy network were used to investigate the potential effects of proxy selection in hemispheric and global temperature reconstructions during the past two *** long-term trends,spectral characteristics,and volcanic responses of the annual temperatures were studied based on the *** results reveal a significant cooling trend in the global annual mean temperature using both tree-ring and non-tree-ring records during the 1–1850CE period,and show that the cooling exhibits a stronger trend in the Southern Hemisphere(SH)than that in the Northern Hemisphere(NH).Yet,the long-term trends vary according to different combinations of proxy *** reconstructions based on different types of proxies also exhibit different features in terms of volcanic responses and spectral ***-ring-based temperature reconstructions show stronger cooling responses to tropical volcanic eruptions,while non-tree-ring-based reconstructions suggest less robust volcanic responses,which may be related to dating uncertainties and low temporal resolution of the ***-ring width records tend to preserve a substantial proportion of high-frequency(lity,whereas non-tree-ring proxies tend to capture a larger fraction of low-frequency(>200 years)*** are needed to reduce uncertainti

关键词： Millennial cooling trend Global climate change Proxy records Volcanic eruptions Spectral properties Common Era

Peritoneal fluid indocyanine green test for diagnosis of gut leakage in anastomotic leakage rats and colorectal surgery patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1825-1834页

作者： Yu Huang Tian-Yang li Jie-Feng Weng Hui liu Yu-Jie Xu Shuai Zhang Wei-li Gu Department of Surgery Guangzhou First People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Application of indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence has led to new developments in gastrointestinal ***,little is known about the use of ICG for the diagnosis of postoperative gut leakage(GL).In addition,there is a lack of rapid and intuitive methods to definitively diagnose postoperative *** To investigate the effect of ICG in the diagnosis of anastomotic leakage in a surgical rat GL model and evaluate its diagnostic value in colorectal surgery *** Sixteen rats were divided into two groups:GL group(n=8)and sham group(n=8).Approximately 0.5 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)was intravenously injected *** peritoneal fluid was collected for the fluorescence test at 24 and 48 *** patients with rectal cancer who had undergone laparoscopic rectal cancer resection plus enterostomies were injected with 10 mL of ICG(2.5 mg/mL)on postoperative day *** ostomy fluids were collected 24 h after ICG injection to identify the possibility of the ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy *** who had undergone colectomy or rectal cancer resection were enrolled in the diagnostic *** peritoneal fluids from drainage were collected 24 h after ICG *** ICG fluorescence test was conducted using OptoMedic endoscopy along with a near-infrared fluorescent imaging *** The peritoneal fluids from the GL group showed ICG-dependent green fluorescence in contrast to the sham *** samples of ostomy fluids showed green fluorescence,indicating the possibility of ICG excreting from the peripheral veins to the enterostomy stoma in *** peritoneal fluid ICG test exhibited a sensitivity of 100%and a specificity of 83.3%for the diagnosis of *** positive predictive value was 71.4%,while the negative predictive value was 100%.The likelihood ratios were 6.0 for a positive test result and 0 for a negative *** The postoperative ICG test in a drainage tube is a valuable and simple t

关键词： Gut leakage Indocyanine green Anastomotic leakage model Diagnostic test Diagnostic technique