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Mutual regulation of microglia and astrocytes after Gas6 inhibits spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 557-573页

作者： Jiewen Chen Xiaolin Zeng Le Wang Wenwu Zhang Gang li xing Cheng Peiqiang Su Yong Wan Xiang li Department of Spine Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord *** and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close ***,the mechanisms involved remain *** this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming *** expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord *** vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between *** further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling ***,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling *** vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function ***,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord *** can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.

关键词： astrocytes Axl cell polarization Gas6 Hippo signal inflammatory micro-environment intercellular interaction microglia single-cell sequencing spinal cord injury

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Insights into spinal muscular atrophy from molecular biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1849-1863页

作者： Xiaodong xing Xinzhu liu Xiandeng li Mi li Xian Wu Xiaohui Huang Ajing Xu Yan liu Jian Zhang Department of Clinical Pharmacy Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina College of Pharmacy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle *** is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 *** research is currently receiving more attention,and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being *** review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and *** also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy,which are classified as either specific or non-specific *** review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy,the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies,the selection of biomarker candidates,and would promote the development of future ***,the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

关键词： biomarkers disease progression gene-targeting therapy neurofilaments Nusinersen spinal muscular atrophy(SMA) survival motor neuron therapeutic evaluation treatment outcomes

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Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 3025-3039页

作者： Jia Fang Zhuangzhuang li Pengjun Wang Xiaoxu Zhang Song Mao Yini li Dongzhen Yu Xiaoyan li Yazhi xing Haibo Shi Shankai Yin Department of Otolaryngology head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineOtolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Aminoglycosides are a widely used class of antibacterials renowned for their effectiveness and broad antimicrobial ***,their use leads to irreversible hearing damage by causing apoptosis of hair cells as their direct *** addition,the hearing damage caused by aminoglycosides involves damage of spiral ganglion neurons upon *** investigate the mechanisms underlying spiral ganglion neuron degeneration induced by aminoglycosides,we used a C57BL/6J mouse model treated with *** found that the mice exhibited auditory deficits following the acute loss of outer hair *** ganglion neurons displayed hallmarks of pyroptosis and exhibited progressive degeneration over *** profiling of these neurons showed significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation and immune response,particularly those related to the NLRP3 *** of the canonical pyroptotic pathway in spiral ganglion neurons was observed,accompanied by infiltration of macrophages and the release of proinflammatory *** intervention targeting NLRP3 using Mcc950 and genetic intervention using NLRP3 knockout ameliorated spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in the injury *** findings suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis plays a role in aminoglycoside-induced spiral ganglion neuron *** of this pathway may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for treating sensorineural hearing loss by reducing spiral ganglion neuron degeneration.

关键词： degeneration hearing loss macrophages Mcc950 neuroinflammation NLRP3 inflammasome ototoxicity pyroptosis sensorineural hearing loss spiral ganglion neuron

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任意单元间断Galerkin有限元计算方法研究

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空气动力学学报 2007年第2期25卷 157-162页

作者：贺立新张来平张涵信中国空气动力研究与发展中心四川绵阳621000

基于龙格库塔间断Galerkin(RKDG)有限元法的构造思想,通过局部坐标变换,发展了非正交单元DG有限元计算方法;借鉴非结构网格有限体积隐式计算方法,发展了适应于DG有限元方法的隐式计算方法;借鉴一维和二维(三角形单元)DG有限元限制器构... 详细信息

基于龙格库塔间断Galerkin(RKDG)有限元法的构造思想,通过局部坐标变换,发展了非正交单元DG有限元计算方法;借鉴非结构网格有限体积隐式计算方法,发展了适应于DG有限元方法的隐式计算方法;借鉴一维和二维(三角形单元)DG有限元限制器构造方法,提出了非正交三棱柱单元限制器方法;利用上述方法数值模拟了球头和双椭球的高超声速粘性绕流,得到了清晰的流场结构,并得到了较好的压力和热流分布,表明该方法在复杂高超声速流动的数值模拟方面具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：非正交单元间断Glerkin有限元隐式计算方法

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Reduced mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor contributes to neurodegeneration in a model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2655-2666页

作者： Yiyang Qin Wenzhen Zhu Tingting Guo Yiran Zhang Tingting xing Peng Yin Shihua li Xiao-Jiang li Su Yang Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong–HongKong–Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease caused by extended CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene,which encodes a ligand-dependent transcription facto *** mutant androgen receptor protein,characterized by polyglutamine expansion,is prone to misfolding and forms aggregates in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in the brain in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy *** aggregates alter protein-protein interactions and compromise transcriptional *** this study,we reported that in both cultured N2a cells and mouse brain,mutant androgen receptor with polyglutamine expansion causes reduced expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-de rived neurotrophic *** n of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor amelio rated the neurotoxicity of mutant androgen receptor through the inhibition of mutant androgen receptor *** down endogenous mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain exacerbated neuronal damage and mutant androgen receptor *** findings suggest that inhibition of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor is a potential mechanism underlying neurodegeneration in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

关键词： androgen receptor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor mouse model neurodegeneration neuronal loss neurotrophic factor polyglutamine disease protein misfolding spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy transcription factor

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红细胞人源化小鼠模型的构建及其临床应用研究进展

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吉林大学学报（医学版） 2022年第1期48卷 241-248页

作者：刘昊川李新贺陈冰吉林大学中日联谊医院骨科吉林长春130033 深圳大学平湖医院骨科广东深圳518002 吉林大学中日联谊医院麻醉科吉林长春130033

红细胞人源化小鼠模型是一类能够稳定重建人红细胞的人源化小鼠,其对于人红细胞相关疾病临床前期研究起至关重要的作用。人源化小鼠模型的构建能够模仿人体免疫机能,在整体水平上反映人类生理和病理情况,探讨红细胞人源化小鼠模型的发... 详细信息

红细胞人源化小鼠模型是一类能够稳定重建人红细胞的人源化小鼠,其对于人红细胞相关疾病临床前期研究起至关重要的作用。人源化小鼠模型的构建能够模仿人体免疫机能,在整体水平上反映人类生理和病理情况,探讨红细胞人源化小鼠模型的发展过程、构建方法及其在临床工作中的应用,可为后续优化该模型提供理论依据。现主要对人源化小鼠模型的发展、人源化小鼠人红细胞重建现状、人源化小鼠中人红细胞重建的影响因素、人红细胞相关疾病的研究和未来发展规划等几个方面进行综述。

关键词：人源化小鼠红细胞补体巨噬细胞移植物抗宿主病

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间歇釜中BZ类均相无机振荡反应的研究

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化学学报 1998年第4期56卷 347-352页

作者：李和兴倪丽华钱水芳戴璐李鹏宏刘波上海师范大学化学系上海200234

在间歇釜中,以BrO_3^--H_2PO_2^--Mn^(2+)-Fe(phen)_3^(2+)-H_2SO_4为体系,本文首次设计了一个纯无机均相BZ类化学振荡体系,采用溴离子选择性电极和紫外可见分光光度计可分别观察到[Br^-],[Mn^(3+)]和[Fe(phen)_3^(3+)]的振荡现象、对振荡反应产物及总反应计量关系进行了分析,考察了反应物浓度和反应温度对体系振荡反应的影响,并由此计算得到振荡反应的表观活化能,研究了Cl^-,Br^-,Br_2,丙烯腈等因素对振荡反应的影响,并由此对振荡反应的控制机理作了探索.对体系中两种金属离子的作用进行了分析.在此基础上提出了一种在间歇釜中设计均相BZ类振荡反应的新方法.利用这一方法,不仅可以设计无机振荡反应,而且还可以设计一系列由氨基酸、多肽、糖类等具有生物功能的物质参与的化学振荡,有助于理解生物体内普遍存在的周期性现象.

关键词： BZ反应无机振荡反应动力学生物体周期性现象

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利用二维平面和轴对称逆向喷流减阻和降低热流的计算研究

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空气动力学学报 2006年第1期24卷 85-89页

作者：耿湘人桂业伟王安龄贺立新中国空气动力研究与发展中心四川绵阳621000

对近年来国内外学者在减阻和降低热流方面的工作做了简要回顾,并对带逆向喷流钝体的高超声速绕流流场进行了数值计算,对二维圆柱和球头物形的差异给喷流减阻和降低热流效能带来的影响进行了研究。结果表明逆向喷流对二维平面物形具有良... 详细信息

对近年来国内外学者在减阻和降低热流方面的工作做了简要回顾,并对带逆向喷流钝体的高超声速绕流流场进行了数值计算,对二维圆柱和球头物形的差异给喷流减阻和降低热流效能带来的影响进行了研究。结果表明逆向喷流对二维平面物形具有良好的减阻和降低热流作用,但对于轴对称的球头由于肩部流动再附处的强烈激波干扰,会形成热斑,其局部热流反而高于无喷流时的热流值,适当加大喷流压比可以避免激波在肩部再附区的干扰,达到降低表面热流的目的。本文认为在逆向喷流的研究中,采用真实维数的物形对于得到正确的研究结论是非常重要的。

关键词：数值模拟高超声速热环境阻力喷流

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红外窗口不同冷却方式下的结构传热和热应力特性计算研究

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空气动力学学报 2008年第3期26卷 329-333页

作者：耿湘人桂业伟贺立新张来平中国空气动力研究与发展中心四川绵阳621000

对外冷喷流和内冷管流等不同冷却方式下的红外窗口传热和热应力进行了数值计算研究。窗口结构传热和热应力采用有限元方法求解,带外部冷喷流窗口外表面气动加热率则通过对带冷源项的N-S方程求解给出,当采用管流冷却时,管流液体温度和窗... 详细信息

对外冷喷流和内冷管流等不同冷却方式下的红外窗口传热和热应力进行了数值计算研究。窗口结构传热和热应力采用有限元方法求解,带外部冷喷流窗口外表面气动加热率则通过对带冷源项的N-S方程求解给出,当采用管流冷却时,管流液体温度和窗口结构温度通过耦合迭代方式统一求解,管流和壁面间的换热系数采用工程关联公式估算。研究表明,在达到来流总温以前,窗口各点温度和热应力随加热时间单调上升,各时刻最大温度发生在外表面;而最大热应力则发生在合金材料内部。两种冷却方式对比表明,外冷方式对于窗口整体温度和热应力的降低十分有效,但具体到局部重要部位,外冷方式效果不如内冷,内冷方式对于管道附近部位具有更好的降温和降低热应力效果。因红外窗口尺度限制,冷却管道流动雷诺数偏小,流动为层流态,这限制了冷却管换热效率的提高,因此建议增加管道数目和管壁粗糙度来强化冷却。

关键词：红外窗口热应力热传导再生冷却有限元

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Molecular Structure Tailoring of Organic Spacers for High‑Performance Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 314-357页

作者： Pengyun liu Xuejin li Tonghui Cai Wei xing Naitao Yang Hamidreza Arandiyan Zongping Shao Shaobin Wang Shaomin liu School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049People’s Republic of China Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic 3000Australia WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM‑MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Engineering Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000People’s Republic of China

Layer-structured Ruddlesden–Popper(RP)perovskites(RPPs)with decent stability have captured the imagination of the photovoltaic research community and bring hope for boosting the development of perovskite solar cell(PSC)***,two-dimensional(2D)or quasi-2D RP PSCs are encountered with some challenges of the large exciton binding energy,blocked charge transport and poor film quality,which restrict their photovoltaic ***,these issues can be readily resolved by rationally designing spacer cations of *** review mainly focuses on how to design the molecular structures of organic spacers and aims to endow RPPs with outstanding photovoltaic *** firstly elucidated the important roles of organic spacers in impacting crystallization kinetics,charge transporting ability and stability of *** we brought three aspects to attention for designing organic ***,we presented the specific molecular structure design strategies for organic spacers of RPPs aiming to improve photovoltaic performance of RP *** proposed strategies in this review will provide new avenues to develop novel organic spacers for RPPs and advance the development of RPP photovoltaic technology for future applications.

关键词： Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Low-dimensional perovskite solar cells Organic spacers Molecular structure Design strategies

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