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Microstructure,mechanical and fracture properties of friction stir welded 2195 Al-li alloy joints

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 345-361页

作者： Guangda SUN Weizhao SUN li zhou Sanfeng LUO Zili ZHANG Debo liU Huiqiang WU State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai)Weihai 264209China Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Beijing 100076China

The 8 mm-thick 2195 Al-li alloy joints were achieved by Friction Stir Welding(FSW).The microstructural evolution,temperature-dependent mechanical properties,and fracture properties were studied.The T1,δ’/β’and θ’precipitates were observed in the Base Metal(BM)and the Heat Affected Zone(HAZ).Most of the precipitates,except for re-precipitated δ’/β’phases,were dissolved in the Nugget Zone(NZ).The tensile specimens that failed at cryogenic temperatures(-196℃)had the maximum Ultimate Tensile Strength(UTS),and the fracture surface showed the inter-granular fracture characteristics.Compared to those at room temperature(25℃),the decreasing tensile properties at high temperature(180℃)were related to microstructure and strain hardening effects.The NZ presented the optimal fracture toughness,and the Crack Tip Opening Displacement(CTOD)was mutually dominated by microhardness and grain size.Analysis on Fatigue Crack Growth(FCG)rates indicates that the Thermal-Mechanically Affected Zone(TMAZ)exhibited the most superior fatigue resistance performance at stress intensity range below17 MPa.m1/2due to compressive residual stress and the crack closure effect.The fatigue fracture surfaces reveal that the crack propagation zone was characterized by the striations and secondary cracks.Also,inter-granular fracture behavior was responsible for the fastest FCG rates in the NZ.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Friction stir welding Microstructural evolution Mechanical properties Fracture mechanism

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Programmable synthetic receptors:the next-generation of cell and gene therapies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 376-400页

作者： Fei Teng Tongtong Cui li zhou Qingqin Gao Qi zhou Wei li University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China

Cell and gene therapies hold tremendous promise for treating a range of difficult-to-treat diseases.However,concerns over the safety and efficacy require to be further addressed in order to realize their full potential.Synthetic receptors,a synthetic biology tool that can precisely control the function of therapeutic cells and genetic modules,have been rapidly developed and applied as a powerful solution.Delicately designed and engineered,they can be applied to finetune the therapeutic activities,i.e.,to regulate production of dosed,bioactive payloads by sensing and processing user-defined signals or biomarkers.This review provides an overview of diverse synthetic receptor systems being used to reprogram therapeutic cells and their wide applications in biomedical research.With a special focus on four synthetic receptor systems at the forefront,including chimeric antigen receptors(CARs)and synthetic Notch(synNotch)receptors,we address the generalized strategies to design,construct and improve synthetic receptors.Meanwhile,we also highlight the expanding landscape of therapeutic applications of the synthetic receptor systems as well as current challenges in their clinical translation.

关键词： synthetic landscape payload

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The role of proteasomes in tumorigenesis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 155-169页

作者： Xiangyi zhou Ruqing Xu Yue Wu li zhou Tingxiu Xiang Department of Oncology The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China

Protein homeostasis is the basis of normal life activities,and the proteasomefamily plays an extremely important function in this process.The proteasome 2os is a concentric circle structure with twoαrings and twoβrings overlapped.The proteasome 2os can perform both ATP-dependent and non-ATP-dependent ubiquitination proteasome degradation by binding to various subunits(such as 19S,11S,and 200 PA),which is performed by its active subunitβ1,β2,andβ5.The proteasome can degrade misfolded,excess proteins tomaintain homeostasis.At the same time,it can be utilized by tumors to degrade over-proliferate and unwanted proteins to support their growth.Proteasomes can affect the development of tumors from several aspects including tumor signaling pathways such as NF-kB and p53,cell cycle,immune regulation,and drug resistance.Proteasome-encoding genes have been found to be overexpressed in a variety of tumors,providing a potential novel target for cancer therapy.In addition,proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib,carfilzomib,and ixazomib have been put into clinical application as the first-line treatment of multiple myeloma.More and more studies have shown that it also has different therapeutic effects in other tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma,non-small cell lung cancer,glioblastoma,and neuroblastoma.However,proteasome inhibitors are not much effective due to their tolerance and singleness in other tumors.Therefore,further studies on their mechanisms of action and drug interactions are needed to investigate their therapeutic potential.

关键词： Bortezomib Cancer therapy Immunoproteasome Multiplemyeloma Proteasome 20S Proteasome inhibitor Thymoproteasom

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Evolutionary mechanisms and practical significance of reproductive success and clonal diversity in unisexual vertebrate polyploids

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 449-459页

作者： Meng Lu li zhou Jian-Fang Gui State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Hubei Hongshan Laboratorythe Innovation Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Unisexual reproduction is generally relevant to polyploidy, and unisexual vertebrates are often considered an evolutionary “dead end” due to the accumulation of deleterious mutations and absence of genetic diversity. However, some unisexual polyploids have developed strategies to avoid genomic decay, and thus provide ideal models to unveil unexplored evolutionary mechanisms, from the reproductive success to clonal diversity creation. This article reviews the evolutionary mechanisms for overcoming meiotic barrier and generating genetic diversity in unisexual vertebrates, and summarizes recent research advancements in the polyploid Carassius complex. Gynogenetic gibel carp(Carassius gibelio) is a unique amphitriploid that has undergone a recurrent autotriploidy and has overcome the bottleneck of triploid sterility via gynogenesis. Recently, an efficient strategy in which ploidy changes, including from amphitriploid to amphitetraploid, then from amphitetraploid to novel amphitriploid, drive unisexual-sexual-unisexual reproduction transition and clonal diversity has been revealed.Based on this new discovery, multigenomic reconstruction biotechnology has been used to breed a novel strain with superior growth and stronger disease resistance. Moreover, a unique reproduction mode that combines both abilities of ameiotic oogenesis and sperm-egg fusion,termed as ameio-fusiongensis, has been discovered, and it provides an efficient approach to synthesize sterile allopolyploids. In order to avoid ecological risks upon escape and protect the sustainable property rights of the aquaculture seed industry, a controllable fertility biotechnology approach for precise breeding is being developed by integrating sterile allopolyploid synthesis and gene-editing techniques.This review provides novel insights into the origin and evolution of unisexual vertebrates and into the attempts being made to exploit new breeding biotechnologies in aquaculture.

关键词： unisexual vertebrates polyploidy reproduction transition clonal diversity precise breeding genomic reconstruction controllable fertility

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3'-Deoxyadenosin alleviates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity and seeking behavior by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2270-2280页

作者： Yize Qi Yao zhou Jiyang li Fangyuan Zhu Gengni Guo Can Wang Man Yu Yijie Wang Tengfei Ma Shanwu Feng li zhou Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular&Cerebrovascular Medicine School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology The Second People’s Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Methamphetamine addiction is a brain disorder characterized by persistent drug-seeking behavior, which has been linked with aberrant synaptic plasticity. An increasing body of evidence suggests that aberrant synaptic plasticity is associated with the activation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3(NLRP3) inflammasome. 3′-Deoxyadenosin, an active component of the Chinese fungus Cordyceps militaris, has strong anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether 3′-deoxyadenosin attenuates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity via an NLRP3-mediated inflammatory mechanism remains unclear. We first observed that 3′-deoxyadenosin attenuated conditioned place preference scores in methamphetamine-treated mice and decreased the expression of c-fos in hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, we found that 3′-deoxyadenosin reduced the aberrant potentiation of glutamatergic transmission and restored the methamphetamine-induced impairment of synaptic plasticity. We also found that 3′-deoxyadenosin decreased the expression of NLRP3 and neuronal injury. Importantly, a direct NLRP3 deficiency reduced methamphetamine-induced seeking behavior, attenuated the impaired synaptic plasticity, and prevented neuronal damage. Finally, NLRP3 activation reversed the effect of 3′-deoxyadenosin on behavior and synaptic plasticity, suggesting that the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism of 3′-deoxyadenosin on aberrant synaptic plasticity reduces methamphetamine-induced seeking behavior. Taken together, 3′-deoxyadenosin alleviates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity and seeking behavior by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome.

关键词： 3′-deoxyadenosin hippocampus long-term potentiation methamphetamine NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3(NLRP3)inflammasome synaptic plasticity

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Kinetic and mechanism of the reaction between Cl and several mono-methyl branched alkanes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 474-482页

作者： Yan Chen Weigang Wang Junling li li zhou Bo Shi Cici Fan Ke Wang Hao Zhang Hong li Maofa Ge State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China

Branched alkanes are ubiquitous in the troposphere and play an important role in the chemical processes.In this work,the rate constants and products for the reaction of Cl atoms with 3-methylhexane and 2-methylheptane were measured at room temperature(298±0.2K)and atmospheric pressure using a conventional relative rate method.The rate constants of 3-methylhexane and 2-methylheptane in units of cm~3/(mol·sec)are(3.09±0.31)×10^(-10)and(3.67±0.40)×10^(-10),respectively.Furthermore,the corresponding atmospheric lifetime of the studied branched alkanes with Cl was 6.92-89.90 hours and 5.82-75.69 hours,respectively.The estimated atmospheric lifetimes indicated that the reaction with Cl atoms could be the most important atmospheric degradation pathway for 3-methylhexane and2-methylheptane.Primary gas-phase products of the reactions were identified and quantified,and particle-phase products were also obtained.The atmosphere oxidation mechanism of Cl atoms with 3-methylhexane and 2-methylheptane is proposed.The SOA yields of 3-methylhexane and 2-methylheptane from the reaction of Cl atoms were determined to be7.96%±0.89%and 13.35%±1.50%respectively.Overall,the results reveal that the primary loss process of branched alkanes is the reaction with Cl atoms,which impacts its degradation on a regional scale.

关键词： 3-Methylhexane 2-Methylheptane Chlorine atoms Kinetics Mechanism

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Scalable synthesis of lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid drug delivery using an isometric channel-size enlarging strategy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2899-2907页

作者： Zesen Ma Haiyang Tong Sijin lin li zhou Demeng Sun Baoqing li Changlin Tian Jiaru Chu Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Science Island Branch Graduate SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institute of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Peptide Drugs University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215127China

lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have emerged as highly effective delivery systems for nucleic acid-based therapeutics.However,the broad clinical translation of LNP-based drugs is hampered by the lack of robust and scalable synthesis techniques that can consistently produce formulations from early development to clinical application.In this work,we proposed a method to achieve scalable synthesis of LNPs by scaling inertial microfluidic mixers isometrically in three dimensions.Moreover,a theoretical predictive method,which controls the mixing time to be equal across different chips,is developed to ensure consistent particle size and size distribution of the synthesized LNPs.LNPs loaded with small interfering RNA(siRNA)were synthesized at different flow rates,exhibiting consistent physical properties,including particle size,size distribution and encapsulation efficiency.This work provides a practical approach for scalable synthesis of LNPs consistently,offering the potential to accelerate the transition of nucleic acid drug development into clinical application.

关键词： lipid nanoparticles nucleic acid delivery microfluidics scalable synthesis consistent particle size

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Integrated biomarker response to assess toxic impacts of iron and manganese on deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons under a deep-sea mining activity scenario

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2024年第2期42卷 522-532页

作者： li zhou Mengna li Zhaoshan ZHONG Minxiao WANG Hao CHEN Chao liAN Hao WANG Huan ZHANG Lei CAO Chaolun li Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Deep-sea mining activities can potentially release metals,which pose a toxicological threat to deep-sea ecosystems.Nevertheless,due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the deep-sea biosphere,there is insufficient knowledge about the impact of metal exposure on its inhabitants.In this study,deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons,a commonly used deep-sea toxicology model organism,was exposed to manganese(100,1000μg/L)or iron(500,5000μg/L)for 7 d,respectively.Manganese and iron were chosen for their high levels of occurrence within deep-sea deposits.Metal accumulation and a battery of biochemical biomarkers related to antioxidative stress in superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA);immune function in alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP);and energy metabolism in pyruvate kinase(PK)and hexokinase(HK)were assessed in mussel gills.Results showed that deep-sea mussel G.platifrons exhibited a high capacity to accumulate Mn/Fe.In addition,most tested biochemical parameters were altered by metal exposure,demonstrating that metals could induce oxidative stress,suppress the immune system,and affect energy metabolism of deep-sea mussels.The integrated biomarker response(IBR)approach indicated that the exposure to Mn/Fe had a negative impact on deep-sea mussels,and Mn demonstrated a more harmful impact on deep-sea mussels than Fe.Additionally,SOD and CAT biomarkers had the greatest impact on IBR values in Mn treatments,while ACP and HK were most influential for the low-and high-dose Fe groups,respectively.This study represents the first application of the IBR approach to evaluate the toxicity of metals on deep-sea fauna and serves as a crucial framework for risk assessment of deep-sea mining-associated metal exposure.

关键词： mussel metal deep-sea mining biomarker environmental monitoring

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Achieving Ultra-Broad Microwave Absorption Bandwidth Around Millimeter-Wave Atmospheric Window Through an Intentional Manipulation on Multi-Magnetic Resonance Behavior

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 291-307页

作者： Chuyang liu Lu Xu Xueyu Xiang Yujing Zhang li zhou Bo Ouyang Fan Wu Dong‑Hyun Kim Guangbin Ji School of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China School of Physics Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644South Korea Department of Chemistry School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People’s Republic of China

The utilization of electromagnetic waves is rapidly advancing into the millimeter-wave frequency range,posing increasingly severe challenges in terms of electromagnetic pollution prevention and radar stealth.However,existing millimeter-wave absorbers are still inadequate in addressing these issues due to their monotonous magnetic resonance pattern.In this work,rare-earth La^(3+)and non-magnetic Zr^(4+)ions are simultaneously incorporated into M-type barium ferrite(BaM)to intentionally manipulate the multi-magnetic resonance behavior.By leveraging the contrary impact of La^(3+)and Zr^(4+)ions on magnetocrystalline anisotropy field,the restrictive relationship between intensity and frequency of the multi-magnetic resonance is successfully eliminated.The magnetic resonance peak-differentiating and imitating results confirm that significant multi-magnetic resonance phenomenon emerges around 35 GHz due to the reinforced exchange coupling effect between Fe^(3+)and Fe^(2+)ions.Additionally,Mosbauer spectra analysis,first-principle calculations,and least square fitting collectively identify that additional La^(3+)doping leads to a profound rearrangement of Zr^(4+)occupation and thus makes the portion of polarization/conduction loss increase gradually.As a consequence,the La^(3+)-Zr^(4+)co-doped BaM achieves an ultra-broad bandwidth of 12.5+GHz covering from 27.5 to 40+GHz,which holds remarkable potential for millimeter-wave absorbers around the atmospheric window of 35 GHz.

关键词： Microwave absorption Ultra-broad bandwidth M-type barium ferrite Magnetocrystalline anisotropy field Multimagnetic resonance

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Orange-red emitting Sr_3LaTa_3O_(12):Sm^(3+) phosphors with perovskite structure and high thermal stability for w-LEDs

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 464-472,I0002页

作者： Xiaopeng Hu Anlin Zhang Yufeng Du li zhou Changlin li Jingjing lian Zhequan Zou Xuan Ouyang Bin Deng lianwu Xie Ruijin Yu College of Chemistry Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan UniversityChenzhou423043China College of Sciences Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha410004China College of Chemistry&Pharmacy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application Xiangnan UniversityChenzhou423043China

A novel layered perovskite tantalate phosphor Sr_(3)LaTa_(3)O_(12):Sm^(3+)(SLTO:Sm^(3+)) with orange-red emission was obtained for the first time via the solid-phase synthetic method. The phase purity, surface morphology,element distribution and luminescent properties of the SLTO:xSm^(3+)(x= 0.01 mol%-0.30 mol%) phosphors were investigated. Under 408 nm excitation, the optimum doped SLTO:0.10Sm^(3+) phosphor emits orangered light at 598 nm with the highest emission peak(4G_(5/2)→6H_(7/2)). The critical energy transfer distance is 1.687 nm. The prepared SLTO:0.10Sm^(3+)phosphor has excellent thermal stability with temperature quenching temperature(T_(0.5)> 500 K) and high activation energy(E_(a)= 0.25 e V). Through calculation, the chromaticity coordinates of all samples are concentrated in the orange-red area, and the color purity reaches 99%. The fabricated white light-emitting diode(w-LED) has a good correlated color temperature(5132 K), a high R_(a)(89), and the CIE chromaticity coordinates(0.340, 0.327). Consequently, the superiority of orange-red-emitting tantalate SLTO:Sm^(3+) phosphors for w-LEDs is demonstrated.

关键词： Tantalate Sr_(3)LaTa_(3)O_(12) Sm^(3+) Luminescence LED Rare earths

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