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Aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders:progress of experimental models based on disease pathogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 354-365页

作者： li xu Huiming xu Changyong Tang Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are neuroinflammatory demyelinating disorders that lead to permanent visual loss and motor *** date,no effective treatment exists as the exact causative mechanism remains ***,experimental models of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are essential for exploring its pathogenesis and in screening for therapeutic *** most patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are seropositive for IgG autoantibodies against aquaporin-4,which is highly expressed on the membrane of astrocyte endfeet,most current experimental models are based on aquaporin-4-IgG that initially targets *** experimental models have successfully simulated many pathological features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,such as aquaporin-4 loss,astrocytopathy,granulocyte and macrophage infiltration,complement activation,demyelination,and neuronal loss;however,they do not fully capture the pathological process of human neuromyelitis optica spectrum *** this review,we summarize the currently known pathogenic mechanisms and the development of associated experimental models in vitro,ex vivo,and in vivo for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,suggest potential pathogenic mechanisms for further investigation,and provide guidance on experimental model *** addition,this review summarizes the latest information on pathologies and therapies for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders based on experimental models of aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,offering further therapeutic targets and a theoretical basis for clinical trials.

关键词： aquaporin-4 experimental model neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder pathogenesis

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Optimization Strategies of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Cathode Materials for Sodium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 204-251页

作者： Jiawen Hu Xinwei li Qianqian liang li xu Changsheng Ding Yu liu Yanfeng Gao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural ***,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in ***,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode *** to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode *** this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology *** foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO_(4)^(3−)sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so ***,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put *** is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Cathode materials Electrochemical performance Optimization strategies

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Interfacial Zn2+-solvation regulator towards reversible and stable Zn anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 684-692页

作者： Miao Zhou Xiongbin Luo Hang li Shan Guo Zhuang Tong Xiaotao Zhou xu li Zhaohui Hou Shuquan liang Guozhao Fang College of Mechanical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional Materials Hunan Institute of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou University National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries （AZIBs） are fundamentally challenged by the instability of the electrode/electrolyte interface,predominantly due to irreversible zinc （Zn） deposition and hydrogen ***,the intricate mechanisms behind the electrochemical discrepancies induced by interfacial Zn2+-solvation and deposition behavior demand comprehensive *** molecules endowed with special functional groups （such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,etc.） have the potential to significantly optimize the solvation structure of Zn2+and regulate the interfacial electric double layer （EDL）.By increasing nucleation overpotential and decreasing interfacial free energy,these functional groups facilitate a lower critical nucleation radius,thereby forming an asymptotic nucleation model to promote uniform Zn ***,this study presents a pioneering approach by introducing trace amounts of n-butanol as solvation regulators to engineer the homogenized Zn （H-Zn） anode with a uniform and dense *** interfacial reaction and structure evolution are explored by in/ex-situ experimental techniques,indicating that the H-Zn anode exhibits dendrite-free growth,no by-products,and weak hydrogen evolution,in sharp contrast to the bare ***,the H-Zn anode achieves a remarkable Zn utilization rate of approximately 20% and simultaneously sustains a prolonged cycle life exceeding 500 ***,the H-Zn//NH4V4O10（NVO） full battery showcases exceptional cycle stability,retaining 95.04%capacity retention after 400 cycles at a large current density of 5 A *** study enlightens solvation-regulated additives to develop Zn anode with superior utilization efficiency and extended operational lifespan.

关键词： Solvation

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Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkyl-alkyl coupling reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： li-xu You Lan Tian Chun-ling Guo Shun-Xi li Yu-Cheng liu Yu-Long li Wei Shu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Guangming Advanced Research Institute Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology

Introducing saturated carbon-carbon bonds into organic molecules significantly increases the three-dimensional configuration,thus altering the physical and chemical properties as well as the functions of molecules. Transition-metal-catalyzed carboncarbon cross-couplings represent one of the most straightforward, efficient and modular alternatives to build saturation in a single step. However, the efficient construction of alkyl-alkyl bonds remains a formidable challenge due to the precise manipulation of multiple alkyl metallic intermediates as well as associated competitive side reactions and selectivity control. Over the past years, Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling under reductive conditions has gained more and more attention for alkyl-alkyl crosscoupling partially attributing to the low-valent state of metal centers under reducing conditions, which suppresses the competitive β-hydride elimination process, thus facilitating the formation of alkyl-alkyl bonds. In this review, the initiative and progress of Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling, including the efforts in racemic and enantioselective formation of alkyl-alkyl bonds, have been summarized and discussed. Moreover, the challenges and further opportunities in this area have also been discussed.

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Rational design of lipid-activatable NIR-II probes for precisely imaging atherosclerotic plaque

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Xinyu xu Yuan Ma Hui Cao li xu Haoming Chen Sulai liu Wei Sun Guosheng Song Xiaobing Zhang State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery/Central Laboratory Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational MedicineNanjing Medical University Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University

Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque; however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared(NIR-II) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-II emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-II imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-II probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate in vivo imaging in deeper tissues.

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民族传统体育在高校创造性转化路径研究——以安徽省为例

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新疆师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2025年第1期44卷 90-96页

作者：徐丽安徽艺术学院公共教学部安徽合肥230001

本研究运用文献资料、问卷调查等方法,以安徽省高校为例,分析安徽民族传统体育融入高校体育课程面临的问题,提出民族传统体育助力安徽省高校体育创造性转化的路径:加强思想认识,深化民族传统体育教学改革,完善评价体系;挖掘安徽优秀民... 详细信息

本研究运用文献资料、问卷调查等方法,以安徽省高校为例,分析安徽民族传统体育融入高校体育课程面临的问题,提出民族传统体育助力安徽省高校体育创造性转化的路径:加强思想认识,深化民族传统体育教学改革,完善评价体系;挖掘安徽优秀民族民间体育资源,开发创新特色民族体育课程;“互联网+”赋能高校民族传统体育,传承、弘扬民族文化;鼓励“民间高手请进来,高校教师走出去”,提升教师专业化水平;组建民族传统体育社团,规范社团管理;以教科研创新引领民族传统体育发展,发展“大创项目”,引领学生形成团结、勤奋、自信的伟大民族精神,推动我国民族传统体育科学创新发展等。

关键词：高校体育民族传统体育优秀传统体育文化创造性转化

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融合相似预报方法在陇东南短期强降水预报中的应用

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高原气象 2025年第1期44卷 214-223页

作者：黄晓远李旭杜梦莹叶培龙李艳兰州大学大气科学学院甘肃兰州730000 兰州中心气象台甘肃兰州730020

基于逐步过滤相似法和自组织映射(SOM)神经网络方法,提出了一种融合相似预报方法。利用ECMWF模式预报产品、ERA5再分析资料和地面气象台站观测数据,使用该方法对2021-2022年陇东南地区开展了时效为72 h的强降水预报试验,并对预报效果进... 详细信息

基于逐步过滤相似法和自组织映射(SOM)神经网络方法,提出了一种融合相似预报方法。利用ECMWF模式预报产品、ERA5再分析资料和地面气象台站观测数据,使用该方法对2021-2022年陇东南地区开展了时效为72 h的强降水预报试验,并对预报效果进行了检验。结果表明:(1)融合相似预报方法的TS评分处于4.5%~9.1%之间,与ECMWF模式预报结果相比表现出一定的优势。随着预报时效的增长,强降水预报的TS评分呈现减小的趋势,其在08:00(北京时,下同)起报的TS评分相对较高。(2)相比于单独使用逐步过滤相似预报,融合相似预报方法的准确性有所提升,并能在一定程度上降低空报率。其中08:00起报和20:00起报的TS评分提高了1.31%和0.63%,而FAR同时下降了2.39%和1.25%。

关键词：强降水短期预报相似预报逐步过滤相似自组织映射(SOM)

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Catalytic asymmetric silicon-carbon bond-forming transformations based on Si–H functionalization

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第6期66卷 1654-1687页

作者： li li Wei-Sheng Huang Zheng xu li-Wen xu China Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of MaterialChemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Suzhou Research InstituteLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

In view of the exciting advancement on silicon–carbon bond-forming transformations achieved in the past decade,this review intends to show a unified illustration of the recent findings on enantioselective Si–H bond functionalization aided by asymmetric ***,this review describes the enantioselective silicon–carbon bond-forming Si–H bond functionalization,focusing on the reactivity and stereoselectivity in catalytic asymmetric hydrosilylation,carbene Si–H insertion,C–H silylation,and Si–C bond-forming cross-coupling reactions that were achieved with high enantioselectivity in the presence of transitionmetal catalyst *** review highlights recent and representative examples of the enantioselective Si–H bond functionalization,discusses the origins of silicon-involving stereoselectivities,and evaluates the substrate scopes and limitations in these catalytic asymmetric Si–H bond functionalization reactions due to the special reactivity of different hydrosilanes.

关键词： Si-H functionalization hydrosilylation C-H silylation carbene Si-H insertion asymmetric catalysis

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Nitrogen storage and allocation in China’s forest ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第10期63卷 1475-1484页

作者： li xu Nianpeng HE Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Forests are important parts of terrestrial ecosystems and play a leading role in regional and global nitrogen(N)*** assessment of N storage and allocation in China’s forests is critical to improve the accuracy of regional or global N estimates and to guide policy-makers in the formulation of scientific and effective N management ***,the fore stN storage at national scale remains *** on 4420 forest field-investigated data,we investigated the N storage allocation in China’s forests,explored the spatial patterns and influence *** data included vegetation information on various organs(i.e.,leaf,branch,stem,and root)and soil information at different depths(0-30 cm and 0-100 cm).The total N storage in China’s forest ecosystems was 14.45±8.42 tN hm^–2;0.86±0.51 tN hm^–2(5.95%)in vegetation and 13.59±8.40 tN hm^–2(94.05%)in soil(0–100 cm).The storage and allocation of N varied significantly across various regions and forest *** different ecological regions,N storage varied from 10.34 to 23.11 tN hm^–2,and the allocation ratio of N storage between vegetation and soil(0–100 cm)varied from 0.03 to *** different forest types,the N storage varied from 12.87 to 18.32 tN hm^–2,and the allocation ratio of N storage between vegetation and soil(0–100 cm)varied from 0.03 to *** spatial patterns relative to N storage and allocation in forests were *** was the primary factor influencing the spatial variation in forestN storage,while soil texture was the main factor influencing the spatial variation in N *** first estimates of N storage and allocation ratio in China’s forests are keys for improving the fitting accuracy of regional N cycle models and provide a reference for regional management of forestN.

关键词： Forest Nitrogen cycling Nitrogen storage Allocation Climate Soil nutrient Soil texture

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Electrocatalytic performance of Pd–Ni nanowire arrays electrode for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline media

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Rare Metals 2014年第1期33卷 65-69页

作者： Ming-li xu Faculty of Science Kunming University of Science and Technology

A successful approach to prepare the Pd-Ni nanowire arrays electrode without carbon supports was reported. The morphology and crystallinity of nanowire were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffraction （SAED）, X-ray diffrac- tion （XRD）, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analyses, respectively. The results show that the diameters of the nanowire are in the range of 65-75 nm, and the polycrystalline binary solid solution alloy is formed in the Pd-Ni nanowire. Cyclic voltammograms, chronoampero- grams, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy dem- onstrate that the Pd-Ni nanowire arrays electrodes show excellent electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxi- dation in alkaline media. The catalytic activity of Pd-Ni nanowire arrays electrode is ,,~ 1.39 times higher than that of the Pd nanowire arrays electrode and ,,~2.28 times higher than that of the commercial Pd/C catalyst. This is mostly owing to the transfer of electron density from Ni to Pd. These results indicate that Pd-Ni nanowire arrays electrode is very promising in an alkaline direct methanol fuel cell.

关键词： Pd-Ni nanowires Electrocatalyst Methanoloxidation Direct methanol fuel cell Nanowire arrayselectrode

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