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知识教学的使命:转识成智

清华大学教育研究 2010年第5期31卷 48-54页

作者：李长吉浙江师范大学教师教育学院浙江金华321004

知识教学的价值在于转识成智,这是由知识与智慧之间三种密切的联系所决定的。当前在知识教学中存在忽视培养学生智慧的现象,主要表现为四个方面。在以智慧养成为目的的知识教学中,应采用引导学生体验知识中的智慧、运用知识培养学生的... 详细信息

知识教学的价值在于转识成智,这是由知识与智慧之间三种密切的联系所决定的。当前在知识教学中存在忽视培养学生智慧的现象,主要表现为四个方面。在以智慧养成为目的的知识教学中,应采用引导学生体验知识中的智慧、运用知识培养学生的反思能力、以智慧培养为目的进行知识的教育学化等策略。

关键词：知识智慧教学

Microplastic exposure disturbs sleep structure,reduces lifespan,and decreases ovary size in Drosophila melanogaster

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 805-820页

作者： Wei Yan Zi-jie li Zi-Yi lin Shu-Qin ji William Ka Fai Tse Zhi-Qiang Meng chang liu Lei li Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology Center for Promotion of International Education and ResearchFaculty of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

The organ-specific toxicity resulting from microplastic(MP)exposure has been extensively explored,particularly concerning the gut,liver,testis,and ***,under natural conditions,these effects are not restricted to specific organs or *** whether MP exposure presents a systemic threat to an entire organism,impacting factors such as lifespan,sleep,and fecundity,is *** this study,we investigated the effects of dietary exposure to two different doses of MPs(1–5μm)using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila *** indicated that the particles caused gut damage and remained within the digestive *** MP exposure significantly shortened the lifespan of adult *** short-term exposure disrupted sleep patterns,increasing the length of daytime sleep ***,one week of MP exposure reduced ovary size,with a trend towards decreased egg-laying in mated *** MPs did not penetrate the brain or ovaries,transcriptome analysis revealed altered gene expression in these *** the ovary,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis indicated genotoxic effects impacting inflammation,circadian regulation,and metabolic processes,with significant impacts on extracellular structure-related *** the brain,GO analysis identified changes in pathways associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate ***,this study provides compelling evidence of the systemic negative effects of MP exposure,highlighting the urgent need to address and mitigate environmental MP pollution.

关键词： Microplastics Sleep lifespan Reproduction Risk assessment Drosophila melanogaster

Fault line Selection Method Considering Grounding Fault Angle for Distribution Network

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2015年第1期22卷 58-65页

作者： li Si-bo Zhao Yu-lin li ji-chang Sui Tao College of Electrical and Information Northeast Agricultural University Chenguang Pyroelectricity limited liability Company in Raohe

In the distribution network system with its neutral point grounding via arc suppression coil, when single-phase grounding fault occurred near zero-crossing point of the phase voltage, the inaccuracy of the line selection always existed in existing methods. According to the characteristics that transient current was different between the fault feeder and other faultless feeders, wavelet transformation was performed on data of the transient current within a power frequency cycle after the fault occurred. Based on different fault angles, wavelet energy in corresponding frequency band was chosen to compare. The result was that wavelet energy in fault feeder was the largest of all, and it was larger than sum of those in other faultless feeders, when the bus broke down, the disparity between each wavelet energy was not significant. Fault line could be selected out by the criterion above. The results of MATLAB/simulink simulation experiment indicated that this method had anti-interference capacity and was feasible.

关键词： distribution network single-phase grounding fault fault line selection fault angle wavelet transformation

农村教师拥有怎样的教育理论知识——关于农村教师教育理论知识的调查

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山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版) 2017年第2期40卷 85-89页

作者：李长吉衢州学院

农村教师在教育研究方法知识、教师专业发展理论知识方面掌握得比较薄弱,而他们最感困惑之处在于教育研究方法知识、教育心理学知识。他们的教育理论知识最主要来源于"自身教学经验的积累""教学观摩活动"和"同事之间的交流"等途径,大多... 详细信息

农村教师在教育研究方法知识、教师专业发展理论知识方面掌握得比较薄弱,而他们最感困惑之处在于教育研究方法知识、教育心理学知识。他们的教育理论知识最主要来源于"自身教学经验的积累""教学观摩活动"和"同事之间的交流"等途径,大多数农村教师希望在增加培训机会、优化网络环境等方面获得支持。

关键词：农村教师教育理论知识

A molecular insight into coke formation process of vacuum residue in thermal cracking reaction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2130-2138页

作者： ji-Guang li Xin Guo Huan-Di Hou Heavy Oil Processing Department Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.LtdBeijing100083China

Understanding the coking behaviors has been considered to be really essential for developing better vacuum residue processing technologies.A battery of thermal cracking tests of typical vacuum residue at 410℃ with various reaction time were performed to evaluate the coke formation *** total yields of ideal components including naphtha,atmospheric gas oil(AGO)and vacuum gas oil(VGO)of thermal cracking reactions increased from 10.89%to 40.81%,and the conversion ratios increased from8.05%to 43.33%with increasing the reaction time from 10 to 70 *** asphaltene content increased from 12.14%to a maximum of 22.39%and then decreased,and this maximum of asphaltene content occurred at the end of the coking induction *** asphaltenes during the coking induction period,at the end and after coking induction period of those tested thermal cracking reactions were characterized to disclose the structure changing rules for coke formation process,and the coke formation pathways were discussed to reveal the coke formation process at molecular level.

关键词： Vacuum residue Thermal cracking Asphaltene Coking induction period Sulfur Nitrogen

农村教师:改造乡村生活的灵魂——兼论农村教师的知识分子身份

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教师教育研究 2011年第1期23卷 29-32,28页

作者：李长吉浙江师范大学教师教育学院浙江金华321004

农村教师作为知识分子在乡村建设中有着无法替代的作用,他们理应成为价值的引导者、规范的守护者、文明的引领者、文化的弘扬者、生活的帮助者。农村教师在乡村生活的改造过程中发挥应有的作用,至少需要三个条件:拥有知识分子情怀、掌... 详细信息

农村教师作为知识分子在乡村建设中有着无法替代的作用,他们理应成为价值的引导者、规范的守护者、文明的引领者、文化的弘扬者、生活的帮助者。农村教师在乡村生活的改造过程中发挥应有的作用,至少需要三个条件:拥有知识分子情怀、掌握本土知识、完善相应的机制,除此之外,最为关键的是要对农民有一颗赤子之心。

关键词：农村教师知识分子乡村建设

Forced boiling of nonazeotropic immiscible mixture in a supercapillary microchannel array for ultra-high heat flux removal with chip junction temperature below 85℃

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1364-1380页

作者： SUN Bo BAO YuChen TIAN Tong li ji School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Laboratory of Advanced Thermal Management Technologies School of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

In this study,a structure-optimized two-phase microchannel heat sink with sintered submicron nucleation sites was developed and *** copper-based microchannels had a rectangular cross-section with an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 222μ*** subcooled flow boiling characteristics were comprehensively compared between pure HFE-7100 and a non-azeotropic,immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100 and water,considering heating areas of 1 and 5 cm^(2).The total heating power input to the test section were 100–1500 and 250–3000 W for a 1 and 5 cm^(2)heat source,respectively,with a flow rate ranging from 50 to150 L/*** to pure HFE-7100,the non-azeotropic immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100/water in the sintered porous microchannels exhibited a much higher overall heat transfer coefficient and lower power *** maintain the junction temperature of a high power electronic chip below 85℃,the proposed supercapillary microchannel heat sink could effectively dissipate the heat flux of 1275 W/cm^(2)over 1 cm^(2)heat source and 500 W/cm^(2)over 5 cm^(2)heat *** addition,the volume ratio of the binary mixture strongly influence the two-phase flow heat transfer *** optimal volume ratio exist in terms of the thermal resistance–pumping power minimization(HFE-7100:water=2:8 is recommended in this study).The findings of this investigation on the flow boiling properties of non-azeotropic immiscible mixtures help fill a gap in the related field.

关键词： microchannel sintered powder coating submicron nucleation cavities nonazeotropic immiscible ultra-high heat flux

Aerodynamic Performance of Three Flapping Wings with Unequal Spacing in Tandem Formation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1662-1676页

作者： Min chang Ziyi Xu Zengshuang Chen li li Xueguang Meng Unmanned System Research Institute National Key Laboratory of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049People’s Republic of China Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaXi’an710076People’s Republic of China

To better understand the aerodynamic reasons for highly organized movements of flying organisms,the three-flapping wing system in tandem formation was studied numerically in this *** from previous relevant studies on the multiple flapping wings that are equally spaced,this study emphasizes the impact of unequal spacing between individuals on the aerodynamics of each individual wing as well as the whole *** is found that swapping the distance between the first and second wing with the distance between the second wing and the rearmost wing does not affect the overall aerodynamic performance,but significantly changes the distribution of aerodynamic benefits across each *** the whole flapping cycle,three effects are at *** narrow channel effect and the downwash effect can promote and weaken the wing lift,respectively,while the wake capture effect can boost the *** also shows that these effects could be manipulated by changing the spacing between adjacent *** findings provide a novel way for flow control in tandem formation flight and are also inspiring for designing the formation flight of bionic aircraft.

关键词： Three flapping wings Unequal spacing Aerodynamic performance Tandem formation

Experimental and numerical investigation of two blended blade and endwall configurations

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS 2024年第9期37卷 150-163页

作者： Meng, Tongtong li, Xin Zhou, ling ji, Lucheng Tsinghua Univ Inst Aero Engine Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Aerosp Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

The Blended Blade and Endwall (BBEW) technique has proven to be effective in controlling the intersection of boundary layer in corner region of the compressor endwall. In this study, the experiment and analysis of two different BBEW designs are emphasized. First, based on a linear cascade with 0.7 Mach number inflow, two different configurations, BBEW 1 and BBEW 2, are well conducted. Then, according to the experimental result, control effects of these two BBEW configurations are validated and compared subsequently under various working conditions. The results demonstrate a reduction in total pressure loss of 12.8% and 29% at the design point for BBEW 1 and BBEW 2, respectively. Consequently, the BBEW technique proves effective in suppressing the development of the boundary layer and preventing corner separation. Followed by detailed numerical analysis, improvements around the corner region, especially for the boundary layer, are extracted to show the mechanisms and distinctions between the two configurations. The results indicate that BBEW 1 significantly restrains the development of boundary layer before separation occurs, while BBEW 2 directly controls the strength and scale of the corner separation. (c) 2024 Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

关键词： Aerodynamic Computational fluid dynamic Experiment Corner separation Blended Blade and Endwall (BBEW) COMPRESSOR DESIGN SUCTION FLOW