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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第2期17卷 123-132页

作者： Yifan Zhan Nancy Wang Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar Yuxia Zhang Michael Chopin Stephen L.Nutt Axel Kallies Andrew M.lew The Walter&Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Department of Medical Biology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CentreGuangzhou Medical University510623 GuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

A wide array of chemokine receptors,including CCR2,are known to control Treg ***,we report that CCR2 regulates Tregs beyond *** found that CCR2 deficiency reduced CD25 expression by FoxP3^(+) Treg *** a change was also consistently present in irradiation chimeras reconstituted with mixed bone marrow from wild-type(WT)and CCR2−/−***,CCR2 deficiency resulted in profound loss of CD25 ^(hi) FoxP3^(+) Tregs in secondary lymphoid organs as well as in peripheral ***2−/−Treg cells were also functionally inferior to WT ***,these changes to Treg cells did not depend on CCR2+monocytes/moDCs(the cells where CCR2 receptors are most abundant).Rather,we demonstrated that CCR2 was required for TLR-stimulated,but not TCR-or IL-2-stimulated,CD25 upregulation on Treg ***,we propose that CCR2 signaling can increase the fitness of FoxP3^(+) Treg cells and provide negative feedback to counter the proinflammatory effects of CCR2 on myeloid cells.

关键词： CCR2 CD25 organs

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本·胡尔英文插图本

Optimization of Culture Conditions for Production of Cellulase by a Thermophilic Bacillus Strain

丛书名：小书架插图版英语世界名著系列丛书

2002年

作者：（美）lew Wallace

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第6期5卷 521-527页

作者： Zambare Vasudeo Christopher lew Center for Bioprocessing Research and Development South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 USA

The production of cellulase in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UNPDV-22 was optimized using response surface methodology （RSM）. Central composite design （CCD） was used to study the interactive effect of culture conditions （temperature, pH, and inoculum） on cellulase activity. Results suggested that temperature and pH all have significant impact on cellulase production. The use of RSM resulted in a 96% increase in the cellulase activity over the control of non-optimized basal medium. Optimum cellulase production of 13 U/mL was obtained at a temperature of 42.24 ℃, pH of 5.25, and inoculum size of 4.95% （v/v） in a fermentation medium containing wheat bran, soybean meal and malt dextrin as major nutritional factors.

关键词： Cellulase production Bacillus amyloliquefaciens culture conditions response surface methodology central compositedesign.

Genetic associations with adverse events from anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7265-7273页

作者： Daniel lew Soon Man Yoon Xiaofei Yan Lori Robbins Talin Haritunians Zhenqiu Liu Dalin Li Dermot PB McGovern Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

AIM To study the type and frequency of adverse events associated with anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)therapy and evaluate for any serologic and genetic *** This study was a retrospective review of patients attending the inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) centers at Cedars-Sinai IBD Center from 2005-2016. Adverse events were identified via chart review. IBD serologies were measured by ELISA. DNA samples were genotyped at Cedars-Sinai using Illumina Infinium Immunochipv1 array per manufacturer's protocol. SNPs underwent methodological review and were evaluated using several SNP statistic parameters to ensure optimal allele-calling. Standard and rigorous QC criteria were applied to the genetic data, which was generated using immunochip. Genetic association was assessed by logistic regression after correcting for population *** Altogether we identified 1258 IBD subjects exposed to anti-TNF agents in whom Immunochip data were available. 269/1258 patients(21%) were found to have adverse events to an anti-TNF-α agent that required the therapy to be discontinued. 25% of women compared to 17% of men experienced an adverse event. All adverse events resolved after discontinuing the antiTNF agent. In total: n = 66(5%) infusion reactions; n = 49(4%) allergic/serum sickness reactions; n = 19(1.5%) lupus-like reactions, n = 52(4%) rash, n = 18(1.4%) infections. In Crohn's disease, Ig A ASCA(P = 0.04) and Ig G-ASCA(P = 0.02) levels were also lower in patients with any adverse events, and anti-I2 level in ulcerative colitis was significantly associated with infusion reactions(P = 0.008). The logistic regression/human annotation and network analyses performed on the Immunochip data implicated the following five signaling pathways: JAK-STAT(Janus Kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription), measles, IBD, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and toxoplasmosis for any adverse event. CONCLUSION Our study shows 1 in 5 IBD patients experience an

关键词： Genetic associations Inflammatory bowel disease Anti-tumor necrosis factor Adverse events

Recent advances in the treatment of spasticity:extracorporeal shock wave therapy

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2022年第4期44卷 380-380页

作者： Yang E lew HL Ozgakar L Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei 100 Taiwan. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond VA 23298 USA. Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Hacettepe University Medical School Ankara 06100 Turkey.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Spasticity is a common sequala of the upper motor neuron *** instance,it often occurs in the first 4 weeks after stroke and is seen in more than one-third of stroke survivors after 12 *** recent years,extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)has been recognized as a safe and effective method for reducing muscle ***/relevant mechanisms include nitric oxide production,motor neuron excitability reduction,induction of neuromuscular transmission dysfunction,and direct effects on rheological *** are two types of ESWT,focused and radial,with the radial type more commonly applied for treating muscle *** the optimal location for applying ESWT,the belly muscles and myotendinous junction seem to produce comparable *** effects of ESWT on spasticity are known to last at least four to six weeks,while some studies report durations of up to 12 *** this review,the authors will focus on the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of ESWT in spasticity,as well as certain technical parameters of ESWT,e.g.,the intensity,frequency,location,and number of *** pertinent literature has been reviewed,with an emphasis on post-stroke upper limbs,post-stroke lower limbs,cerebral palsy,and multiple *** short,while ESWT has positive effects on parameters such as the modified Ashworth scale,mixed results have been reported regarding functional *** note,as botulinum toxin injection is one of the most popular and effective pharmacological methods for treating spasticity,studies comparing the effects of ESWT and botulinum toxin injections,and studies reporting the results of their combination,are also reviewed in this paper.

关键词： eion review

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尺度、变化和恢复力:社区旅游规划的视角

资源科学 2016年第9期38卷 1635-1642页

作者： Alan August lew 何景明高彬北亚利桑那大学地理规划与休闲系浙江工业大学经贸管理学院杭州310023

近年来,恢复力规划逐渐作为可持续发展的一种替代范式,为快速变化中的社区发展和社会-生态转型提供了新的视角。社区恢复力这个新兴概念在很多学科已有所涉猎,旅游学者也从某种程度上逐渐接受这一理念。但大多数关于社区恢复力的研究主... 详细信息

近年来,恢复力规划逐渐作为可持续发展的一种替代范式,为快速变化中的社区发展和社会-生态转型提供了新的视角。社区恢复力这个新兴概念在很多学科已有所涉猎,旅游学者也从某种程度上逐渐接受这一理念。但大多数关于社区恢复力的研究主要关注的是重大灾难和危机等突发事件,鲜有对渐变事件和过程进行研究。因此,建立一个包含缓慢变量的新框架将进一步拓展恢复力相关研究。论文中建立的旅游恢复力模型包含了从慢到快的变化速率以及从业主到社区旅游收益的不同尺度,并得出一个2×2矩阵,该矩阵中呈现了4种相互区别的恢复力主题、方法和测度,涵盖了从企业家维护日常管理的需求到社区灾难的应急、响应和恢复等诸多方面。作者进而通过对台湾乡村旅游的研究,修订了SCR模型,建立了应对扰动和变化的社区尺度、变化和恢复力系统及子系统推广模型。新的模型改变尺度、变化和恢复力的通用模型,具有等级体系,包含一个系统和至少一个子系统,并以阈值线来界定区分变化程度。另外,对SCR模型的四个象限进行了正式的命名,即管理、资源、规划、治理恢复力/可持续性。

关键词：旅游规划恢复力规划可持续发展社区恢复力复杂自适应性系统可持续旅游社会-生态恢复力

A CONTEMPORARY OASIS An architect and his husband's modern home

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城市漫步（上海版、英文） 2015年第1期 28-29页

作者： MARIANNA CERINI DARRELL lew 不详

When Michael Gmndleger and his husband TJ Karl first stepped into their current home three years ago,the place was no more than a pile of plaster and *** potential among the dust and dirt,they had the entire space-a two-story house off Nanjing Xi Lu-completely renovated according to their taste,and adapted to suit their *** result is an impeccably furnished pad that's both elegant and cozy-a perfect nest for the couple and their two Labradors.

关键词： adapted his perfect

国家公园“门票经济”的公益性回归与管理体制改革

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旅游学刊 2015年第5期30卷 11-13页

作者：汪德根 Alan A. lew 苏州大学旅游系江苏苏州215123 北亚利桑那大学地理、规划与休闲系美国亚利桑那弗拉格斯塔夫860011

旅游景区门票价格是影响游客出游的敏感要素，其涨跌波动受到公众普遍关注。市场需求方与供给方对门票价格问题均发出“无奈”声音。需求方认为，面对高价门票发出“玩不起”的无奈；而供给方认为，景区自身运营压力大，涨价也是无奈之举，

关键词：景区门票价格体制改革国家公园公益性管理回归经济价格问题

成长型旅游目的地星级饭店经营效率空间分布特征及影响因素——基于DEA与Tobit模型的实证分析

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旅游科学 2015年第5期29卷 51-64页

作者：韩国圣李辉 Alan lew 山东大学(威海)商学院山东威海264209 哈尔滨工业大学(威海)管理学院山东威海264209 北亚利桑那大学地理规划与休闲系美国亚利桑那州弗莱格斯戴夫86011

本文运用数据包络分析(DEA)和Tobit回归模型,以六安市为案例地,探讨了成长型旅游地星级饭店经营效率的空间分布、影响因素和分区优化措施。研究发现:(1)六安市整体技术效率高的饭店具有空间集聚分布的特点;饭店纯粹技术效率相对较高,具... 详细信息

本文运用数据包络分析(DEA)和Tobit回归模型,以六安市为案例地,探讨了成长型旅游地星级饭店经营效率的空间分布、影响因素和分区优化措施。研究发现:(1)六安市整体技术效率高的饭店具有空间集聚分布的特点;饭店纯粹技术效率相对较高,具有分散分布的特点;规模技术效率的空间分布具有从中心向外围逐步扩散的特征;星级饭店总体上处于规模递增阶段,空间上具有分散分布的特征;(2)影响饭店经营效率的微观因素有接待人数、客房出租率、营业收入、建筑面积、平均房价、客房数;宏观因素有事业单位数、企业单位数、职工人数、职工平均工资;(3)饭店经营优化措施投入方面主要有充分利用饭店富余建筑面积,推动多元化经营;适当降低房价,积极进行客房促销;加大饭店从业人员培训,稳定从业人员队伍,产出方面优化措施主要有优化投入要素组合,增加饭店营业收入。

关键词：星级饭店经营效率 DEA模型 Tobit回归模型空间分布

区域旅游流空间结构的高铁效应及机理--以中国京沪高铁为例

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地理学报 2015年第2期70卷 214-233页

作者：汪德根陈田陆林王莉 ALAN August lew 苏州大学旅游系苏州215123 北亚利桑那大学地理、规划与休闲系美国亚利桑那弗拉格斯塔夫86001 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院芜湖241002

交通是影响旅游流空间结构最主要因素之一。以京沪高铁线为例,探讨了区域旅游流空间结构的高铁效应及特征,在此基础上,分析区域交通可达性变化,并结合区域旅游资源禀赋、区域旅游接待设施、区域旅游交通网络密度以及区位等影响因素分析... 详细信息

交通是影响旅游流空间结构最主要因素之一。以京沪高铁线为例,探讨了区域旅游流空间结构的高铁效应及特征,在此基础上,分析区域交通可达性变化,并结合区域旅游资源禀赋、区域旅游接待设施、区域旅游交通网络密度以及区位等影响因素分析区域旅游流空间结构的高铁效应的机理。研究表明:1区域旅游流空间结构的高铁效应表现为马太效应、过滤效应、扩散效应和叠加效应等特征。2区位条件、旅游资源禀赋、旅游接待能力、交通网络密度以及时空压缩程度等影响因素共同作用均非常明显态势下,产生高铁马太效应;旅游资源禀赋、旅游接待能力、交通网络密度均不强,时空压缩程度不显著等旅游节点产生高铁过滤效应;区位条件、旅游资源禀赋、旅游接待能力和交通网络密度均具有很强优势,且时空压缩程度明显等旅游节点可成为扩散源,高铁强化了扩散源旅游流集聚作用,然后向边缘旅游地扩散,呈现为"集聚—扩散"模式;高铁使大尺度空间的不同客源地居民出游空间范围出现叠加现象,但只有区位条件、旅游资源禀赋、旅游接待能力、交通网络密度优势较强且时空压缩程度明显旅游节点产生叠加效应。

关键词：旅游流空间结构高铁效应机理京沪高铁中国