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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO César ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA letty salinas M.Estela PONCE Paul M.RAMSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

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Auxin signaling gets oxidative to promote root hair growth

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 696-698页

作者： Victoria Berdion Gabarain Miguel A.Ibeas Hernan salinas-Grenet Jose M.Estevez Fundación Instituto Leloir&IIBBA-CONICET Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants(MN-SAP)SantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology(iBio)SantiagoChile

Root hairs(RHs)emerge as cylindrical cell protrusions from the root epidermis in a polar manner,and these outgrows increase the rhizosphere space to acquire water and nutrients,anchor the plant,and interact with various soil *** is one of the key hormones to promote RH growth,and high levels of auxin are directly promoted by low levels of macronutrients in the soil,such as phosphate(Bhosale et al.,2018)and nitrates(Jia et al.,2023).The nutritional signals for roots,which rapidly change in both time and place within the soil,are tightly linked to signaling pathways that execute swifts on cellular processes to adjust to a challenging *** rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs)are peptides that are released outside the cell and act as peptide-hormone *** attach to the extracellular domains of members of the Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE family,specifically FERONIA(FER)in conjunction with its co-receptor LORELEI-LIKE-GPIANCHORED PROTEIN 1.

关键词： soil outside alkali

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Changes in call properties of Boana pulchella (Anura, Hylidae) in response to different noise conditions

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 548-556页

作者： Pablo Grenat Maria Ferrero Mariana Baraquet Favio Pollo Manuel Otero Zulma salinas Nancy Salas Adolfo Martino Ecologia Departamento de Ciencias NaturalesFacultad de Ciencias ExactasFisico-Quimicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de Rio CuartoRutaNacional N°36-km601X5804BYARioCuartoArgentina lnstituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Biodiversidad y Ambiente(ICBIA)UNRC-CONICETRuta Nacional N°36-km 601X5804BYARio CuartoArgentina Cátedra de Botanica General Departamento de Recursos Naturales y AmbienteFacultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de Buenos AiresAv.San Martin 4453Buenos AiresArgentina

The increasing expansion of urban areas leads to the emergence of new noisy environments that can affect animal *** play a crucial role in the mating displays of anurans,and the negative impact of anthropogenic noise-induced auditory masking has been reported in several *** investigated the acoustic variation in 96 males(n=971 calls)of the treefrog Boana pulchella across acoustically undis-turbed sites and different noise conditions,associated with urban areas(URBAN)and roads(ROAD),in Central *** analyzed the effect of anthropogenic noise conditions on 6 temporal(call duration[CD],intercall interval,first and second note duration,internote interval,and call rate)and 3 spectral(dominant frequency of first and second note,frequency difference between them)call *** effects of temperature and size on acoustical variables were *** observed differences in all call attributes among the noise conditions,except for intercall *** exposed to URBAN and ROAD exhibited significant changes in CD,dominant frequency of the second note,and fre-quency difference between *** males had longest internote interval,while ROAD individuals displayed increased first and second note duration and call ***,ROAD males exhibited immediate changes in call rate in direct response to passing heavy *** study emphasizes the impact of anthropogenic noise on the acoustic characteristics of *** *** how animals adapt to noisy environments is crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of urbanization on their communication *** investigations should explore whether the observed call adjustments are effective in avoiding or mitigating the negative consequences of anthropogenic noise on reproductive success.

关键词： acoustic communication advertisement call auditory masking noise pollution road traffic noise.

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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa Norma salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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Evaluation of Microstructure and Magnetic Properties in Non-oriented Electrical Steel Strained by Tension

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第2期23卷 166-170页

作者： J.salinas B. A.salinas R. Engineering Metallurgical Research Center and Advanced Studies of National Polytechnic Institute

The effects of deformation on the microstructure and magnetic properties of non oriented electrical steels were investigated. Box annealed electrical steel sheets were deformed by tension at four different strains： 3%, 8%, 12 % and 25 % The internal grain misorientation caused by tensile deformation was measured by electron backscat- tering diffraction （EBSD） with grain orientation spread （GOS） as an indicator of the lattice distortion. The experi- mental results showed that the average GOS value increases with the strain. The microstructure and crystallographic texture of deformed samples did not show a significant change in samples strained below 25 %. However, the mag- netic properties were strongly affected： coercivity was directly proportional to the square root of the GOS value and energy losses increased as the strain level was increased.

关键词： non-oriented electrical steel tensile deformation internal misorientation magnetic property EBSD

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Biomimetic Control of Mechanical Systems Equipped with Musculotendon Actuators

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 56-68页

作者： Javicr Moreno-Valenzuel Adriana salinas-Avila Instituto Politecnico Naoional-CITEDl Av. del Parque 1310 Mesa de Otay Tianjuana B.C. 22510 Mexico

This paper addresses the problem of modelling, control, and simulation of a mechanical system actuated by an agonist-antagonist musculotendon subsystem. Contraction dynamics is given by case 1 of Zajac＇s model. Saturated semi positive proportional-derivative-type controllers with switching as neural excitation inputs are proposed. Stability theory of switched system and SOSTOOLS, which is a sum of squares optimization toolbox of Matlab, are used to determine the stability of the obtained closed-loop system. To corroborate the obtained theoretical results numerical simulations are carried out. As additional contribution, the discussed ideas are applied to the biomimetic control of a DC motor, i.e., the position control is addressed assuming the presence of musculotendon actuators. Real-experiments corroborate the expected results.

关键词： biomimetie control musculotendon dynamics neural excitation saturation switched systems

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Assessing conservation practices in Amalacaxco Gorge (Izta-Popo National Park, Central Mexico) using fallout 137Cs and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第3期15卷 447-460页

作者： MUNOZ-salinas E CASTILLO M Departamento de Geología Regional Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad UniversitariaCiudad de MexicoMexico Laboratorio Nacional de Geoquimicay Mineralogia Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

This study aims to assess conservation practices in Izta-Popo National Park(Central Mexico) by evaluating the mechanisms of sediment transfer. We applied a methodology based on fallout ^(137)Cs and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) analysis. This was tested in the upper catchment of Amalacaxco Gorge, selected for being one of the sectors of the park in which man-made actions have been implemented in last decades to favor forest growth in the alpine grassland and to reduce the effect of water runoff. We quantified the ^(137)Cs activity using gamma and beta spectrometry of fine sediment grains extracted from the surface of parcels of 0.4 m2 in areas of natural forest, natural alpine grassland, alpine grassland with conservation practices, ravines and trails. In general, ^(137)Cs values increases as local slope decreases as it was expected. The natural forest is the most stable area in terms of soil erosion and sediment accumulation and, mean ^(137)Cs activity was taken as reference to assess cumulative zones, with higher ^(137)Cs values and erosive, with lower. We found that trails are accumulative surfaces but in other areas, erosion predominates. Man-made ditches, trenches and afforestation in the alpine grassland have higher ^(137)Cs values than thenatural grassland, which indicates that conservation practices are limiting the sediment transfer from hillslopes to channels, however, soil retention is less than in the natural grassland. Additionally, we evaluated the luminescence(OSL) values obtained from samples extracted from the sediment transported in ravines that are cutting into different sectors of the study area to assess the grade of resetting of fluvial materials. These luminescence results indicated that the sediment transported in ravines that are cutting into the natural forest and alpine grassland is bleached more efficiently than the sediment transported in the alpine grassland with conservation practices. Results of fallout ^(137)Cs and luminesce

关键词： Sediment transfer Soil erosion Natural protected areas Alpine grassland Caesium-137 Optically stimulated luminescence

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Prefoldins 3 and 5 Play an Essential Role in Arabidopsis Tolerance to Salt Stress

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 526-534页

作者： Miguel A. Rodriguez-Milla Julio salinas Departamento de Biologfa de Plantas Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

During the last years, our understanding of the mechanisms that control plant response to salt stress has been steadily progressing. Pharmacological studies have allowed the suggestion that the cytoskeleton may be involved in regulating such a response. Nevertheless, genetic evidence establishing that the cytoskeleton has a role in plant tolerance to salt stress has not been reported yet. Here, we have characterized Arabidopsis T-DNA mutants for genes encoding proteins orthologous to prefoldin （PFD） subunits 3 and 5 from yeast and mammals. In these organisms, PFD subunits, also known as Genes Involved in Microtubule biogenesis （GIM）, form a heterohexameric PFD complex implicated in tubulin and actin folding. We show that, indeed, PFD3 and PFD5 can substitute for the loss of their yeast orthologs, as they are able to complement yeast gim2Δ and gim5Δ mutants, respectively. Our results indicate that pfd3 and pfd5 mutants have reduced levels of α- and β-tubulin compared to the wild-type plants when growing under both control and salt-stress conditions. In addition, pfd3 and pfd5 mutants display alterations in their developmental patterns and microtubule organization, and, more importantly, are hypersensitive to high concentrations of NaCl but not of LiCl or mannitol. These results demonstrate that the cytoskeleton plays an essential role in plant tolerance to salt stress.

关键词： Prefoldins cytoskeleton tubulin actin microtubule salt tolerance Arabidopsis

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Weighted Weak-type Estimates for Multilinear Commutators of Fractional Integrals on Spaces of Homogeneous Type

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第10期23卷 1813-1826页

作者： Osvaldo GOROSITO Gladis PRADOLINI Oscar salinas Department of Mathematics Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina

We obtain weighted distributional inequalities for multilinear commutators of the fractional integral on spaces of homogeneous type, The techniques developed in this work involve the behavior of some fractional maximal functions. In relation to these operators, as a main tool, we prove a weighted weak type boundedness result, which is interesting in itself.

关键词： commutators fractional integral operator multilinear operators

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EBSD Investigation on Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Transformation Textures of High Strength Hot-rolled Steel Plates

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第3期23卷 261-269页

作者： Nancy M.LOPEZ GRANADOS Armando salinas RODRIGUEZ Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Center of Research and Advanced StudiesCINVESTAV-Unidad Saltillo

The effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and transformation textures of high strength hot-rolled steels was *** treated samples subjected to different cooling conditions were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopes using orientation imaging microscopy（OIM）.The experimental results demonstrate that there is a significant effect of cooling rate on microstructures and textures resulting from phase *** cooling rates lead to the appearance of the cube（001）[010],rotated cube（001）[110]/（001）[110],Goss（110）[001]and rotated Goss（110）[110]*** contrast,textures developed at rapid cooling rates are preferably of Cu（112）[111],Br（110）[112],transformed Cu（113）[110]and transformed Br（332）[113]/（112）[131].These texture changes are attributed to the selective character of the phase *** OIM technique was used to have a better understanding of the formation of phases and their relationship between microstructure and processing *** volume fraction of micro-constituents resulting from phase transformation such as bainite,martensite and different types of ferrite,can be measured satisfactorily by this technique correlating image quality of EBSD patterns to specific phases.

关键词： orientation imaging microscopy texture phase transformation microstructure steel

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