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DEEP-UV CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE ImAGING AND SUPER-RESOLUTION OPTICAL mICROSCOPY OF BIOLOGICAL SAmPLES

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2012年第4期5卷 24-32页

作者： TREVOR A.smith LIISA m.HIRVONEN CRAIG N.LINCOLN XIAOTAO HAO School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science University of Melbourne Parkville 3010Australia

A wide range of techniques has been developed to image biological samples at high spatial and temporal *** this paper,we report recent results from deep-UV confocal fAuorescence microscopy to image inherent emission from fuorophores such as tryptophan,and structured ilumination microscopy(SIm)of biological *** motivation for developing deep-UV fhuorescence imaging and SIm is to provide methods to complement our measurements in the emerging field of X-ray coherent diffractive imaging.

关键词： Time resolved fuorescence imaging structured ilumnina tion microscopy

Chemosensory response in stunted prairie rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 175-179页

作者： Anthony J. SAVIOLA David CHISZAR Hobart m. smith Stephen EmACKESSY School of Biological Sciences University of Northern Colorado Greeley CO 80639 USA. Department of Psychology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA

Rattlesnakes use chemical stimuli in ambush site selection and for relocation of envenomated prey through atrike-induced chemosensory searching. Shifts in responsiveness to prey chemicals have been documented in many snakes, and often correlate with prey commonly taken as snakes increase in age and size as well as geographical locations of the species. For instance, neonate rattlesnakes that prey primarily on ectotherms responded most strongly to chemical cues of commonly taken lizard prey, whereas adult rattlesnakes that prey primarily on small mammals responded significantly to chemical cues of com- monly taken rodents. In the current study, 11 Prairie Rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis which were classified as large neonates based on measures of snout-vent length （SVL） and body mass, yet chronologically were at or near adulthood, were tested for their responsiveness to chemical extracts of natural and non-natural prey items. Although the snakes had eaten only neonate lab mice （mus musculus）, they responded significantly more to chemical cues of natural prey items and particularly to chemical cues of prey normally taken by subadults （Peromyscus mice and Sceloporus lizard）. These results suggest that ontogenetic shifts in re- sponsiveness to natural prey chemical cues are innately programmed and are not based on body size or feeding experience in C. v. viridis. This does not imply, however, that growth and experience are without effects, especially with novel prey or rare prey that have experienced recent population expansion [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 175-179, 2013].

关键词： Chemical cues Chemoreception Crotalus viridis viridis Prey choice Vomeronasal

Collision tumor of the kidney composed of clear cell carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma: report of a case with unusual morphology and clinical follow-up

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第7期33卷 351-355页

作者： Rhonda Burch-smith Nizar m Tannir Erika Resetkova Pheroze Tamboli Priya Rao Department of Pathology MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Geni-tourinary medical Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center

We report the case of a 67-year-old female who presented with a large renal mass. Gross examination of the nephrectomy specimen demonstrated a 6-cm renal mass that invaded into the renal sinus and perinephric fat. Histologic examination revealed two distinct tumor types. The first type was a conventional(clear cell) renal cell carcinoma that was of low nuclear grade and comprised the minority of the overall tumor. The second type was a high-grade collecting duct carcinoma with glandular/tubular differentiation and composed the majority of the tumor. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated distinctive patterns of the two tumor types, thus confirming two distinct lineages. Five months postoperatively, the patient developed metastasis to the lungs and right hilar lymph node region. A fine needle aspiration of a lung nodule demonstrated a metastatic, poorly differentiated carcinoma, similar to the collecting duct carcinoma component in the kidney. Collision tumors of the kidney are rare with fewer than 10 cases reported in the literature. Our report further expands the spectrum of this rare phenomenon.

关键词：集合管肾细胞肾脏肿瘤病例报告癌组织学检查随访

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低孔隙度／低渗透率砂岩的岩石特性

石油科技动态 2009年第5期 51-63页

作者： Tad m.smith 张廷香（译）李霞（译）郭良川（译）王锐（译）

致密砂岩气藏由联邦能源管理委员会正式给出定义：储层渗透率低于0．1md。虽然这是一个按渗透率给出的定义，但通常这种储层的孔隙度也非常低（〈10％）。这类致密气藏大约占美国全部天然气产量的19％、可采天然气资源的35％以上。仅在... 详细信息

致密砂岩气藏由联邦能源管理委员会正式给出定义：储层渗透率低于0．1md。虽然这是一个按渗透率给出的定义，但通常这种储层的孔隙度也非常低（〈10％）。这类致密气藏大约占美国全部天然气产量的19％、可采天然气资源的35％以上。仅在美国落基山脉，致密砂岩气藏天然气超过41．7万亿立方英尺（约1．18千亿立方米），相当多的天然气层深度大于15，000英尺（约4572米）。

关键词：致密砂岩气藏低渗透率低孔隙度岩石特性储层渗透率天然气产量管理委员会天然气资源

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician Series at Black Knob Ridge, Southeastern Oklahoma, USA

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Episodes 2007年第4期30卷 258-270页

作者： Daniel Goldman Stephen A. leslie Jaak Nōlvak Seth Young Stig m. Bergstroem Warren D. Huff Department of Geology University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469 USA Deparment of Geology and Environmental Science James Madison University MSC 6903 Harrisonburg VA 22807 USA Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology Ehitajate tee 5 19086 Tallinn Estonia School of Earth Sciences Division of Geological Sciences The Ohio State University 155 S. Oval Mall Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Department of Geology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 USA.

The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician Series is defined as the 4.0 m-level above the base of the Bigfork Chert in the Black Knob Ridge section, southeastern Oklahoma. This point in this section is coincident with the first appearance of the graptolite Diplacanthograptus caudatus, which has proved to be a reliable datum for precise worldwide correlation. The FAD ofD. caudatus occurs very near the first occurrences of the graptolites D. lanceolatus, *** americanus, Orthograptus pageanus, O. quadrimucronatus, Dicranograptus hians, and Neurograptus margaritatus. This rapid succession of fossil species appearance events provides a secure basis for identification of the base of the Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician Series and for its global chronostratigraphic correlation.

关键词：层形断面奥陶纪俄克拉荷马州美国地质特点

Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 135-147页

作者： leslie A.Simms Eva Borras Bradley S.Chew Bruno matsui mitchell m.mcCartney Stephen K.Robinson Nicholas Kenyon Cristina E.Davis Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields Avenue2132 Bainer HallDavisCA 95616USA Institute for Space Research University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Department of Internal medicine University of CaliforniaDavis4150V StreetSuite 3400SacramentoCA 95817USA VA Northern California Health Care System 10535 Hospital WayMatherCA 95655USA

Trace analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during wildfires is imperative for environmental and health risk assessment. The use of gas sampling devices mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) to chemically sample air during wildfires is of great interest because these devices move freely about their environment, allowing for more representative air samples and the ability to sample areas dangerous or unreachable by humans. This work presents chemical data from air samples obtained in Davis, CA during the most destructive wildfire in California's history-the 2018 Camp Fire – as well as the deployment of our sampling device during a controlled experimental fire while fixed to a UAV. The sampling mechanism was an in-house manufactured micro-gas preconcentrator(μPC) embedded onto a compact battery-operated sampler that was returned to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Compounds commonly observed in wildfires were detected during the Camp Fire using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–mS), including BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene), benzaldehyde, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene. Concentrations of BTEX were calculated and we observed that benzene and toluene were highest with average concentrations of 4.7 and 15.1 μg/m^(3), respectively. Numerous fire-related compounds including BTEX and aldehydes such as octanal and nonanal were detected upon experimental fire ignition, even at a much smaller sampling time compared to samples taken during the Camp Fire. Analysis of the air samples taken both stationary during the Camp Fire and mobile during an experimental fire show the successful operation of our sampler in a fire environment.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Wildfire 2018 Camp Fire micro preconcentrators Environmental sampling mobile VOC sampling

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Effect of Hind Leg morphology on Performance of a Canine-inspired Quadrupedal Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第3期12卷 339-351页

作者： James Andrew smith Jamil Jivraj Ryerson University 350 Victoria St. Toronto ON Canada

Biomimetic leg designs often appear to be arbitrarily chosen. To make a more objective choice regarding biomimetic leg configuration for small canine-inspired robots, we compare one hind leg to the same leg arranged in a different orientation, and show that the less biomimetic leg provides better performance. This differently-oriented leg design, which we call ＂transverse-mirrored＂ was more efficient and faster, both in simulation and experiment even though both leg configurations used the same passive and active components, rest angles, and monoartieular knee spring. In experiments the normal configuration had a maximum speed of 0.33 m·s^-1 and a specific resistance of 5.1. Conversely, the less biomimetic transverse-mirrored configuration had a maximum speed of 0.4 m·s^-1 and specific resistance of 3.9. Therefore the transverse-mirrored leg＇s best performance yields a 21% increase in speed and 24% decrease in specific resistance when compared to the best performance achieved in the normal biomimetic leg. The major underlying reason is that the knee spring engages more readily in the transverse-mirrored configuration, resulting in this faster and more efficient locomotion. The conclusion is that simply copying from nature does not lead to optimal performance and that insight into the role played by passive design components on natural locomotory dynamics is important.

关键词： biomimetic legged robot quadruped leg design walking legged locomotion

Pulse-burst laser-based 10kHz Thomson scattering measurements

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第10期21卷 83-90页

作者： Zichen HE Cary smith Zhili ZHANG Theodore m BIEWER Naibo JIANG Paul S HSU Sukesh ROY mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 United States of America Fusion Energy Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37931United States of America Spectral Energies LLC Dayton OH 45431United States of America

Thomson scattering (TS), as a popular and reliable diagnostic technique, has successfully measured electron temperatures and electron number densities of plasmas for many years. However, conventional TS techniques using Nd:YAG lasers operate only at tens of hertz. Here, we present the development of a high-repetition-rate TS instrument based on a high-speed, pulse-burst laser system to greatly increase the temporal resolution of measurements. Successful instrument prototype testing was carried out by collecting TS light from laboratory helium and argon plasmas at 10 kHz. Calibration of the instrument detection sensitivity using nitrogen/ oxygen rotational Raman scattering signal is also presented. Quantitative electron number densities and electron temperatures of the plasma were acquired at 10 kHz, for stable plasma discharges as, respectively,~0.9 eV and ~5.37×10^21 m^-3 for the argon plasma, and ~1 eV and ~6.5×10^21 m^-3 for the helium plasma.

关键词： Thomson scattering high-speed pulse-burst laser

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