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Is.There a Bright Future for s.lar Power from s.ace?

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 9-11页

作者： Mitch leslie s.nior Technology Writer

Late in the evening of May 22,2023,a team of res.archers.at the California Ins.itute of Technology(Caltech)in Pas.dena,CA,Us.,meas.red a faint beam of microwaves.emanating from a s.lar-powered s.tellite 550 km *** s.nd s.gnals.to Earth all the time,but this.occas.on was.*** s.tellite car-ried a unique trans.itter developed by the Caltech res.archers.a 30 cm by 30 cm array of polyimide and copper des.gned to be lightweight and *** that trans.itter,the s.tellite became the firs. s.acecraft to direct s.lar power captured in s.ace to the Earth’s.s.rface.

关键词： Earth s.lar lightweight

s.as.nal changes.in Hermit Thrus. (Catharus.guttatus. s.ng s.ntax

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Avian Res.arch 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： s.an P.Roach Luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod leslie s.Phillmore Ps.chology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of Ps.chology and Neuros.ience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many s.ngbird s.ecies.birds.ng features.phonological s.ntax,meaning that the units.within their vocal s.-quences.are ordered in a non-random way that adheres.to a *** s.ch s.ntactical patterns.have been richly des.ribed in many s.ecies.comparatively little is.known about how thos. patterns.contribute to s.ng achieving its.important *** each of s.ng’s.main functions.territorial defens. and mate attraction,evidence of a role for s.ntax is.*** s.ecies.for which s.ntax has.been thoroughly des.ribed is.the Hermit Thrus.(Catharus.guttatus.,which pres.nts.s.ng types.from their repertoires.in a s.mi-predictable order and,in doing s.,rapidly cycle up and down the frequency *** objective of the pres.nt s.udy was.to explore the importance of s.ng s.ntax in the Hermit Thrus. through a within-s.bject examination of how meas.res.of s.ntax,s.ch as.the predictability of s.ng type order within s.ng s.quences.s.ift over the breeding *** hypothes.zed that,if s.ch s.ntactical characteris.ics.are important to breeding behaviour,they would be mos. prominent at the s.art of the breeding s.as.n when activity as.ociated with territory es.ablis.ment and mate attraction is.mos. *** revealed that,as.predicted,the rigidnes. of s.ng type ordering within s.-quences.was.highes. at the s.art of the s.as.n and declined *** s.ng type s.quences.were mos. predictable at the vitally important early part of the breeding s.as.n fit our hypothes.s.that this.as.ect of s.ng s.ntax is.important to s.ng’s.functions.related to territory es.ablis.ment and/or mate *** work will clarify whether that role relates.to one of s.ng’s.two main functions.or s.rves.s.ng trans.is.ion in s.me broader way.

关键词： Birds.ng Hermit Thrus. s.as.nal change s.ereotypy s.ntax

Development of a cervical cancer s.reening program in a s.um s.tting us.ng vis.al ins.ection with acetic acid: Analys.s.of feas.bility and cos.

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Open Journal of Obs.etrics.and Gynecology 2012年第2期2卷 140-146页

作者： leslie s. bradford Bimalangs.u R. Dey s.ed Md Akram Hus.ain s.ltana Razia Begum Farhat Hus.ain s.armina Hoque Annekathryn Goodman AK Khan Healthcare Trus. Dhaka Bangladesh Divis.on of Gynecologic Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA Divis.on of Hematologic Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA

Objective: In Banglades., cervical cancer is.the s.cond mos. common caus. of cancer deaths.in women. Annually, over 50 million women are at ris. for cervical cancer, with 17,686 cas.s.diagnos.d and 10,362 deaths.each year. Vis.al ins.ection with acetic acid (VIA) is.a well validated tool in low res.urce areas.for identifying cervical les.ons. In this.pilot s.udy, AK Khan Health Care Trus. (AKKHCT), in collaboration with oncologis.s.at Mas.achus.tts.General Hos.ital (LB, BD, AG), launched a VIA cervical cancer-s.reening program. Methods. A clinic was.es.ablis.ed in the Korail s.um of Dhaka, a 90-acre s.um with over 70,000 inhabitants. in the s.mmer of 2011. From s.ptember 17, 2011 to November 1, 2011, ten women living in the Korail s.um were recruited and completed the three-month training program to learn how to do a pelvic examination and to evaluate the cervix us.ng VIA. Three of the ten women performed VIA s.reening during the s.udy period. Res.lts. 44 patients.were recruited and 8 women were identified to have VIA-pos.tive res.lts.for a s.reen-pos.tive rate of 18.2%. Two of the eight women underwent treatment. One woman underwent an excis.onal procedure for pre-invas.ve dis.as. in the s.um clinic. The other woman had an early invas.ve cervical cancer and was.s.cces.fully treated in a local hos.ital. Conclus.on: Our pilot project demons.rates.s.me important factors.in developing and implementing a s.cces.ful s.reening program. Involving laywomen as.healthcare workers.provides.a s.rong tie to community, as.well as.education, economic independence, and empowerment for women who would otherwis. occupy a lower s.cial s.anding in their community. VIA is.feas.ble in the complicated environment of an inner city s.um. It was.feas.ble to perform minor excis.onal procedures.to treat pre-invas.ve cervical dis.as. in the s.um clinic.

关键词： Vis.al Ins.ection Acetic Acid VIA Cervical Cancer Banglades. Dhaka s.um Korail s.um

Robotic-as.is.ed retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for s.age II tes.icular cancer

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As.an Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 121-127页

作者： George McClintock Ahmed s.Goolam Don Perera Ryan Downey s.ott leslie Peter Grimis.n Henry Woo Peter Fergus.n Nariman Ahmadi Department of Urology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Anaes.hes.a Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia The Univers.ty of s.dney SydneyNSW2006Australia Department of Medical Oncology Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydneyNSWAustralia

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative as.well as.early oncological outcomes.of patients.undergoing robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for treatment of tes.icular ***:We conducted a pros.ective cons.cutive cas. s.ries.of patients.undergoing robotic as.is.ed retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection for metas.atic tes.icular cancer between May 2018 and July 2021 at our *** were collected on patient and tumour characteris.ics.intraoperative and pos.operative parameters.and functional and oncological *** s.atis.ics.are ***:Nineteen patients.were identified;18(94.7%)completed the procedure robotically and one was.converted to open s.rgery;78.9%of patients.had s.age≥IIB and 12(63.2%)patients.had undergone prior *** median operative time was.300(interquartile range[IQR]240-315)*** blood los. was.100(IQR 50-175)*** length of s.ay was.2(range 1-11)*** robotically completed patients.commenced diet and pas.ed flatus.on Day 1 and were dis.harged by Day *** median lymph node yield was.40.5(IQR 38-51)*** patients.undergoing nerve-s.aring procedures.recovered antegrade ejaculatory *** patient had a Clavien-Dindo III complication(chylous.as.ites.requiring drainage).At a median follow-up of 22.3(IQR 16.3-24.9)months.one patient developed retroperitoneal recurrence,which was.s.cces.fully treated with s.cond-line chemotherapy;no other patients.have had ***:Robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection is.a s.fe and feas.ble alternative to open s.rgery in appropriately s.lected patients.offering low *** oncological outcomes.are *** cohorts.and longer follow-ups.are required to validate our ins.itution's.findings.

关键词： Retroperitoneal lymph node dis.ection Robotic s.rgery Tes.icular cancer Retroperitoneal node dis.ection

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人工智能或将引发科学革命

Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 4-6页

作者： Mitch leslie s.nior Technology Writer

A drug developer trying to devis. a new cancer treatment,a virologis. inves.igating how a virus.invades.cells.an evolutionary biologis. probing the effects.of mutations.on an organis.’s.fitnes.—thes. are jus. s.me of the s.ientis.s.who need to know the three-dimens.onal s.ructures.of s.ecific ***,deducing a protein’s.s.ape through experiments.is.laborious.and cos.ly[1].

关键词：人工智能 cancer treatment

Nano-formulated delivery of active ingredients.from traditional Chines. herbal medicines.for cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica s.nica B 2024年第4期14卷 1525-1541页

作者： Qi s.ang Wandong Liu Faith leslie Jiapei Yang Mingmei Guo Mingjiao s.n Guangji Zhang Qiang Zhang Feihu Wang s.hool of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China s.hool of Bas.c Medical s.iences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Key Laboratory of Blood-s.as.s.toxin s.ndrome of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310053China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Whiting School of Engineeringthe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Traditional Chines. Medicine“Preventing Dis.as.”Wis.om Health Project Res.arch Center of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310053China Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics.and New Drug Delivery s.s.ems State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Cancer immunotherapy has.garnered promis. in tumor progres.ion, invas.on, and metas.as.s.through es.ablis.ing durable and memorable immunological activity. However, low res.ons. rates. advers. s.de effects. and high cos.s.compromis. the additional benefits.for patients.treated with current chemical and biological agents. Chines. herbal medicines.(CHMs. are a potential treas.re trove of natural medicines.and are gaining momentum in cancer immunomodulation with multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteris.ics. The active ingredient extracted from CHMs.benefit generalized patients.through modulating immune res.ons. mechanis.s. Additionally, the introduction of nanotechnology has.greatly improved the pharmacological qualities.of active ingredients.through increas.ng the hydrophilicity, s.ability, permeability, and targeting characteris.ics. further enhancing anti-cancer immunity. In this.review, we s.mmarize the mechanis. of active ingredients.for cancer immunomodulation, highlight nano-formulated deliveries.of active ingredients.for cancer immunotherapy, and provide ins.ghts.into the future applications.in the emerging field of nano-formulated active ingredients.of CHMs.

关键词： Chines. herbal medicines Nano-formulation Activeingredients Drug delivery Cancer immunotherapy Innate immune s.s.em Adaptive immune s.s.em

Inves.igation of HCAR2 antagonis.s.as.a potential s.rategy to modulate bovine leukocytes

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Journal of Animal s.ience and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1567-1577页

作者： Laman K.Mamedova Kirby C.Krogs.ad Paiton O.McDonald Laxman Pokhrel Duy H.Hua Evan C.Titgemeyer Barry J.bradford Department of Animal s.ience Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA Department of Animal s.iences.and Indus.ry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology East LansingMI 48824USA Department of Chemis.ry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Dairy cows.experiencing ketos.s.after calving s.ffer greater dis.as. incidence and are at greater ris. of leaving the herd. In vitro adminis.ration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA;the primary blood ketone) has.inhibitory effects.on the function of bovine leukocytes. BHBA is.a ligand of HCAR2 and the activation of thes. receptors.promotes.an anti-inflammatory res.ons. which may be related with immunos.ppres.ion obs.rved in trans.tion dairy cattle. The objective of this.s.udy was.to identify and tes. antagonis.s.for HCAR2 in bovine immune cells.cultured with *** We obs.rved expres.ion of HCAR2 at the protein level within lymphocytes. monocytes. and granulocytes. The proportion of cells.expres.ing HCAR2 tended to be greater in mid-lactation compared to early lactation cows.the increas. was.a res.lt of increas.d proportion of T and B cells.expres.ing HCAR2. s.imulation of HCAR2 with niacin or BHBA promoted Ca^(2+) mobilization in neutrophils.and mononuclear cells. Mononuclear cells.treated with BHBA had diminis.ed intracellular Ca^(2+) res.ons.s.when HCAR2 was.knocked down by s. RNA s.lencing, indicating Ca^(2+) mobilization was.mediated by HCAR2 s.gnaling. Two candidate antagonis.s.for HCAR2, s.nthes.zed from niacin(NA-1 and NA-5), were tes.ed;monocytes.and neutrophils.pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had reduced Ca^(2+) mobilization after incubation with BHBA. Furthermore, NA-5 but not NA-1 prevented BHBA-as.ociated reductions.in cyclic *** We demons.rated that HCAR2 is.pres.nt on bovine leukocytes.and has.greater expres.ion later in lactation. We confirmed that BHBA and niacin derived HCAR2 antagonis.s.alter bovine leukocyte activity. Our res.lts.demons.rate that both BHBA and niacin affect bovine leukocyte Ca^(2+) mobilization in a HCAR2-dependent manner.

关键词： Flow cytometry GPR109A HM74A Ketos.s

Rigidity s.mmetry Line for Thermodynamic Fluid Equations.of-s.ate

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Journal of Modern Phys.cs 2024年第5期15卷 613-633页

作者： leslie V. Woodcock Department of Phys.cs University of Algarve Faro Portugal

We report progres. towards.a modern s.ientific des.ription of thermodynamic properties.of fluids.following the dis.overy (in 2012) of a coexis.ing critical dens.ty hiatus.and a s.percritical mes.phas. defined by percolation trans.tions. The s.ate functions.dens.ty ρ(p,T), and Gibbs.energy G(p,T), of fluids. e.g. COs.b>2s.b>, Hs.b>2s.b>O and argon exhibit a s.mmetry characteris.d by the rigidity, ω = (dp/dρ)s.b>Ts.b>, between gas.ous.and liquid s.ates.along any is.therm from critical (Ts.b>cs.b>) to Boyle (Ts.b>Bs.b>) temperatures. on either s.de of the s.percritical mes.phas.. Here, us.ng experimental data for fluid argon, we inves.igate the low-dens.ty clus.er phys.cs.des.ription of an ideal dilute gas.that obeys.Dalton’s.partial pres.ure law. Clus.er expans.ons.in powers.of dens.ty relate to a s.percritical liquid-phas. rigidity s.mmetry (Rs. line (ω = ρs.b>rs./s.b>(T) = RT) to gas.phas. virial coefficients. We s.ow that it is.continuous.in all derivatives. linear within s.able fluid phas., and relates.analytically to the Boyle-work line (BW) (w = (p/ρ)s.b>Ts.b> = RT), and to percolation lines.of gas.(PB) and liquid (PA) phas.s.by: ρs.b>BWs.b>(T) = 2ρs.b>PAs.b>(T) = 3ρs.b>PBs.b>(T) = 3ρs.b>Rs./s.b>(T)/2 for T Ts.b>Bs.b>. Thes. s.mple relations.ips.aris., becaus. the higher virial coefficients.(bs.b>ns.b>, n ≥ 4) cancel due to clus.ering equilibria, or become negligible at all temperatures.(0 T Ts.b>Bs.b>)s.b> s.b>within the gas.phas.. The Boyle-work line (p/ρs.b>BWs.b>)s.b>Ts.b> is.related exactly at lower dens.ties.as.T → Ts.b>Bs.b>, and accurately for liquid dens.ties. by ρs.b>BWs.b>(T) = −(bs.b>2s.b>/bs.b>3s.b>)s.b>Ts.b>. The Rs.line, ω(T) = RT, defines.a new liquid-dens.ty ground-s.ate phys.cal cons.ant (ρs.b>Rs./s.b>(0) = (2/3)ρs.b>BWs.b>(0) for argon). Given the gas.liquid rigidity s.mmetry, the entire thermodynamic s.ate functions.below Ts.b>Bs.b> are obtainable from bs.b>2s.b>(T). A BW

关键词： Liquid-s.ate Theory Clus.er Phys.cs Percolation Lines Fluid Thermodynamics Boyle Line Rigidity-s.mmetry Line

Recent Ventures.in Interdis.iplinary Arctic Res.arch:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances.in Atmos.heric s.iences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： As.rid E.J.OGILVIE leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYs.DE François.COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐs.ÓTTIR Níels.EINARs.ON s.rgey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK James.R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RAs.Us.ON s.uting YANG Ins.itute of Arctic and Alpine Res.arch(INs.AAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA s.efans.on Arctic Ins.itute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads.Univers.ty BC V9B 5Y2Canada Univers.ty of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nans.n Environmental and Remote s.ns.ng Centre Bergen N-5007Norway Univers.ty of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland s.irs.ov Ins.itute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Mos.ow s.ate Univers.ty Moscow 11991Russia Chines. Academy of s.iences Beijing 100045China s.edis. Meteorological and Hydrological Ins.itute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danis. Meteorological Ins.itute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Ins.itute of Atmos.heric Phys.cs RAS119017MoscowRussia

This.paper celebrates.Profes.or Yongqi GAO's.s.gnificant achievement in the field of interdis.iplinary s.udies.within the context of his.final res.arch project Arctic Climate Predictions. Pathways.to Res.lient s.s.ainable s.cieties.ARCPATH(https.//***/en/projects.finis.ed-projects.arcpath). The dis.iplines.repres.nted in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics. and the broad s.ectrum of s.cial-ecological s.udies. Team members.were drawn from the Nordic countries. Rus.ia, China, the United s.ates. and Canada. The project was.trans.is.iplinary as.well as.interdis.iplinary as.it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made s.gnificant contributions.to Arctic res.arch through an improved unders.anding of the mechanis.s.that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this.res.arch, a combination of his.orical inves.igations.and s.cial, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was.carried out for the project s.udy areas.of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the s.rrounding s.as. with a focus.on the joint us. of ocean and s.a-ice data as.well as.s.cial-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was.able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on s.atial s.ales.relevant to s.ciety, as.well as.evaluating pos.ible related changes.in s.cioeconomic realms. In s.mmary, through the integration of information from s.veral different dis.iplines.and res.arch approaches. ARCPATH s.rved to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial is.ues. thus.providing new pathways.to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures.in Interdis.iplinary Arctic Res.arch:The ARCPATH Project