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Nutritional Status of Children with Intestinal Parasites from a Tropical Area of Bolivia,Emphasis on Zinc and Iron Status

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第4期6卷 399-411页

作者： Claudia E.Lazarte Andrea Soto leovegildo alvarez Bjorn Bergenstahl Nora Medrano Yvonne Granfeldt Department of Food Technology Engineering and NutritionLund UniversityLundSweden Food and Natural Products Center San Simón UniversityCochabambaBolivia Chagas Disease and Immunoparasitology Laboratory San Simon UniversityCochabambaBolivia Albina Patiño Pediatrics Hospital CochabambaBolivia

Malnutrition and parasitic diseases are within the major issues in rural areas in developing countries. In this study, the nutritional status, dietary intake including mineral absorption inhibitor (phytate), hematological indicators and trace element status (zinc, iron) were evaluated and associated to the presence of intestinal parasites in a group of children from a rural area of Bolivia. The results showed that 96% of the children had intestinal parasites;7 types of parasites (Ascaris lumbricoides, Giardia lamblia, Ancylostoma duodenale, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercolaris) were identified. Anthropometric measurements indicated that 37% of the children were stunted and 17% were underweight. Iron and zinc intake showed that 34% and 30% of children had inadequate intake of these nutrients respectively. Phytate: zinc molar ratios were between 6.5 and 21, and from 6.2 to 15 for phytate: iron, indicating that the absorption of zinc and iron might be compromised by the level of phytate in the diet. The serum zinc was below the lower cut-off in 87% of the children, indicating zinc deficiency. Moreover, a multiple regression model showed the significant effect of the presence of the parasite Giardia lamblia and phytate intake on the serum zinc levels. Regarding the iron status, 30% of the children presented with anemia and about 66% had iron deficiency;a simple linear regression model showed the significant negative effect of the presence of the parasite Ancylostoma duodenale on iron status. In conclusion, the levels of zinc and iron, which were low in this child population, were greatly affected by the presence of intestinal parasites;in addition, the consumption of plant-based diets with high levels of phytate also impaired the zinc absorption.

关键词： Nutritional Status Dietary Intake Zinc Iron Deficiency Phytate Intestinal Parasites

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