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A novel neuroprotective method against ischemic stroke by accelerating the drainage of brain interstitial fluid

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Jingge Lian Liu Yang Hanbo Tan Shaoyi Su leonor Serrano Lopes Fangxiao Cheng Junhao Yan Yu Fu Wanyi Fu Zhaoheng Xie Jianfei Sun Jicong Zhang Zhiqian Tong Yajuan Gao Hongbin Han Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province Institute of Aging School of Mental Health Wenzhou Medical University NMPA Key Laboratory for Evaluation of Medical Imaging Equipment and Technique Department of Radiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology Institute of Medical Technology Peking University Health Science Center Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Department of Anatomy and Histology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Department of Neurology Peking University Third Hospital Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Inflammatory response after stroke determines the outcome of ischemic injury. A recent study has reported an efficient method, epidural arterial implantation(EAI), for accelerating interstitial fluid(ISF)drainage, which provides a promising strategy to clear pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain extracellular space(ECS). In this study, the method of EAI was modified(m-EAI) to control its function of accelerating the ISF drainage at different time points following ischemic attack. The neuroprotective effect of m-EAI on ischemic stroke was evaluated with the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)rat model. The results demonstrated the accumulation of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was significantly decreased by activating m-EAI at 7 d before and immediately after ischemic attack in tMCAO rats, accompanied with decreased infarct volume and improved neurological function. This study consolidates the hypothesis of exacerbated ischemic damage by inflammatory response and provides a new perspective to treat encephalopathy via brain ECS. Further research is essential to investigate whether m-EAI combined with neuroprotective drugs could enhance the therapeutic effect on ischemic stroke.

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Soil organic carbon storage in forest restoration models and environmental conditions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1123-1134页

作者： Ranieri Ribeiro Paula Miguel Calmon Maria leonor Lopes-Assad Eduardo de SáMendonça Departamento de Agronomia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção VegetalUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoAlto UniversitárioGuararemaAlegreEspírito Santo CEP 29500-000Brazil World Resources Institute SalvadorBahia CEP 40290-040Brazil Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Proteção Ambiental Universidade Federal de São CarlosArarasSão Paulo CEP 13600-970Brazil

The scale of forest and landscape restoration is expected to increase during the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and its contribution to the provision of critical ecosystem services to society.Several models of forest restoration may improve ecosystem services,including soil organic carbon(SOC)storage.A review was carried out to access:(1)the variability of SOC storage between worldwide forest restoration models and,(2)the effects of climate,soil class,soil texture,and vegetation type on SOC storage.We reviewed 119 primary studies with information on SOC and soil texture for different forest restoration models.The restoration models were grouped into four categories:natural regeneration,monocultures,agroforestry,and mixed forest.SOC data was extracted from these four restoration models,other land uses(cropland,bare land,grassland,and natural forest),climate regimes,and soil properties.The SOC storage in the forest restoration models and other land uses at a global scale ranged between 0.1 to 514 Mg ha^(-1).The overall mean value for SOC storage was higher for natural regeneration(112 Mg ha^(-1)),followed by agroforestry(74 Mg ha^(-1)),mixed forest(73 Mg ha^(-1)),and monocultures(68 Mg ha^(-1)).However,the average SOC storage was similar among the four restoration models in the moist warm climate zone.The SOC storage mean value in the moist cool zone was 23%higher than the dry cool zone(81 and 62 Mg ha^(-1),respectively),and 50%higher for the moist warm zone when compared to the dry warm climatic zone(74 and 38 Mg ha^(-1),respectively).The SOC storage of the restoration models was positively related to soil depth(0.59;p<0.01),clay content(0.29;p<0.01),and stand age(0.17;p<0.01).Globally,the mean values of SOC storage were 26,66,and 139 Mg ha^(-1) at zero-10,zero-30,and zero-100 cm depths,respectively.In addition,sandy soils showed smaller mean values of SOC storage than medium to clay soils,especially in deeper soil layers.Furthermore,SOC storage was positively related between restoration models and other land

关键词： Forest restoration Land uses Soil type Soil texture Climate

Evaluation of the effectiveness of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands for different media

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 820-825页

作者： Antonio Albuquerque José Oliveira Sabrina Semitela leonor Amaral Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture and C-MADE University of Beira Interior Municipality of Penamacor Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyNew University of Lisbon

Two media bed （gravel and Filtralite NR） were tested in a mesocosm to evaluate the removal of organic matter （as chemical oxygen demand （COD））, ammonia （NH4-N）, nitrite, nitrate and solid matter （as total suspended solids （TSS）） for a synthetic wastewater （acetate-based） and a domestic wastewater. The use of Filtralite allowed average removal rates （6--16.8 g COD/（m^2·day）, 0.8-1.1 g NH4-N/（m^2·day） and 3.1 g TSS/（m^2·day）） and removal efficiencies （65%-93%, 57%-85% and 78% for COD, NH4-N and TSS, respectively）, higher than that observed in the experiments with gravel. The applied loads of COD, ammonia, nitrate and TSS seem to influence the respective removal rates but only for the treatment of domestic wastewater with nigher correlation coefficients for Filtralite. Regardless the type of media bed and the type of wastewater, nitrate was completely removed for nitrogen loading rates up to 1.3 g NO3-N/（m^2·day）. There was no evidence of the influence of nitrate loads on the removal of organic matter.

关键词： media bed constructed wetlands pollutants removal rates

Pre-fire aboveground biomass, estimated from LiDAR, spectral and field inventory data, as a major driver of burn severity in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 234-246页

作者： Jose Manuel Fernandez-Guisuraga Susana Suarez-Seoane Paulo MFernandes Victor Fernandez-Garcia Alfonso Fernandez-Manso Carmen Quintano leonor Calvo Area of Ecology Department of Biodiversity and Environmental ManagementFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Leon24071LeonSpain Centro de Investigacao e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biologicas Universidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro5000-801Vila RealPortugal Department of Organisms and Systems Biology(Ecology Unit)and Research Unit of Biodiversity(IMIB UO-CSIC-PA)University of OviedoOviedoMieresSpain Agrarian Science and Engineering Department School of Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringUniversity of Leon24400PonferradaSpain Electronic Technology Department School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Valladolid47011ValladolidSpain Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid-Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology(INIA)34004PalenciaSpain

Background:The characterization of surface and canopy fuel loadings in fire-prone pine ecosystems is critical for understanding fire behavior and anticipating the most harmful ecological effects of fire.Nevertheless,the joint consideration of both overstory and understory strata in burn severity assessments is often dismissed.The aim of this work was to assess the role of total,overstory and understory pre-fire aboveground biomass(AGB),estimated by means of airborne Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)and Landsat data,as drivers of burn severity in a megafire occurred in a pine ecosystem dominated by Pinus pinaster Ait.in the western Mediterranean Basin.Results:Total and overstory AGB were more accurately estimated(R^(2) equal to 0.72 and 0.68,respectively)from LiDAR and spectral data than understory AGB(R^(2)=0.26).Density and height percentile LiDAR metrics for several strata were found to be important predictors of AGB.Burn severity responded markedly and non-linearly to total(R^(2)=0.60)and overstory(R ^(2)=0.53)AGB,whereas the relationship with understory AGB was weaker(R ^(2)=0.21).Nevertheless,the overstory plus understory AGB contribution led to the highest ability to predict burn severity(RMSE=122.46 in dNBR scale),instead of the joint consideration as total AGB(RMSE=158.41).Conclusions:This study novelty evaluated the potential of pre-fire AGB,as a vegetation biophysical property derived from LiDAR,spectral and field plot inventory data,for predicting burn severity,separating the contri-bution of the fuel loads in the understory and overstory strata in Pinus pinaster stands.The evidenced relationships between burn severity and pre-fire AGB distribution in Pinus pinaster stands would allow the implementation of threshold criteria to support decision making in fuel treatments designed to minimize crown fire hazard.

关键词： Aboveground biomass Burn severity Landsat LiDAR Pinus pinaster

Shared-role of vegetation types,elevation and soil affecting plant diversity in an old-tropical mountain hotspot

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第7期20卷 1842-1853页

作者： Priscilla P.LOIOLA leonor Patrícia Cerdeira MORELLATO Maria Gabriela Gutierrez CAMARGO Vitor A.KAMIMURA Jacqueline S.MATTOS Annia Susin STREHER Soizig LE STRADIC Department of Biodiversity Laboratory of PhenologySão Paulo State University(UNESP)Av 24A 151513506-900Rio ClaroSão PauloBrazil Instituto Tecnológico Vale(ITV) R.Boaventura da Silva955BelémPará66055-090Brazil Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Plant Genomics Department of Plant BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of CampinasBrazil Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division National Institute for Space Research(INPE)São Josédos CamposBrazil French National Institute for Agriculture Foodand Environment(INRAE)UMR 1202 INRAE/Univ Bordeaux-BIOGECOParisFrance

Despite the exceptional species richness and endemism,the environmental drivers of plant diversity along old tropical mountains remain underexplored.The respective importance of vegetation types,elevation,slope,and soil to drive diversity across life-forms is poorly addressed.Here,we tested whether environmental variables drove local and regional plant diversity along an old tropical mountain according to the three main life-forms:graminoids,herbaceous and woody species.We sampled all Angiosperm species on 180 plots across five elevations,at the tropical old-mountain region of Serra do Cipó,South-eastern Brazil.We assessed soil,slope,and vegetation types,and calculated richness and beta-diversity,applying generalized least square models,linear mixed-models and partial Mantel tests to test for relationships.Richness of graminoids and herbaceous species increased with greater elevation and more nutrient-impoverished soils,while woody richness showed the inverse pattern.Beta-diversity was primarily driven by species turnover,correlated with elevation and soil and higher in less dominant vegetation types,with unique species.Despite the limited elevational range in these old mountains,it still played an important role in filtering woody species,while fostering graminoid and herbaceous species.Conservation and restoration actions need to foster the high regional diversity supported by the old mountain heterogeneous landscape and the diversity of life-forms,especially the dominant and highly diverse grassy component.

关键词： Beta-diversity Campos rupestres Cerrado Grassland Herbaceous Species turnover

Social Accounting Matrix on the Base of the Mexican System of National Accounting

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Economics World 2016年第3期4卷 111-127页

作者： Dora Elena Ledesma-Carrion Lidia hernandez-hernandez Maria Teresa leonor Mucino-Porras Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

Links between institutional sectors and economic activities with National Accounting System of Mexico are studied used accounting multipliers. Key sectors had changed to strategic or leading as oil and gas extraction and dairy product manufacturing, i. e., Mexico went from a producer of goods to a service provider country, losing value added in their production chains. The mixed income is leading/independent economic activity for woman whose income is between 1 and 5 minimum wages. This is really important in the domestic economy through its impact on solidarity activities: providing care and support and providing food. Moreover, non-financial corporations and households of 10 or more minimum wages for income investing in strategic sectors such as retail trade and wholesale and manufacturing products derived from oil and coal. This is evidence of two Mexicos: the traditional and industrialized.

关键词： social accounting matrix national accounting linkages accounting multipliers input-output tableau

Specifc inflammatory osteoclast precursors induced during chronic inflammation give rise to highly active osteoclasts associated with inflammatory bone loss

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Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 548-564页

作者： Yaron Meirow Milena Jovanovic Yuval Zur Juliana Habib Daniele Filippo Colombo Nira Twaik Hadas Ashkenazi-Preiser Kerem Ben-Meir Ivan Mikula Jr. Or Reuven Guy Kariv leonor Daniel Saja Baraghithy Yehuda Klein Jeroen Krijgsveld Noam Levaot Michal Baniyash The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research Israel-Canada Medical Research InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-ShevaIsrael Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Institute for Drug Research Faculty of MedicineThe Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine JerusalemIsrael Heidelberg University Medical FacultyHeidelbergGermany

Elevated osteoclast(OC)activity is a major contributor to inflammatory bone loss(IBL)during chronic inflammatory diseases.However,the specific OC precursors(OCPs)responding to inflammatory cues and the underlying mechanisms leading to IBL are poorly understood.We identified two distinct OCP subsets:Ly6C^(hi)CD11b^(hi) inflammatory OCPs(iOCPs)induced during chronic inflammation,and homeostatic Ly6C^(hi)CD11b^(lo)OCPs(hOCPs)which remained unchanged.Functional and proteomic characterization revealed that while iOCPs were rare and displayed low osteoclastogenic potential under normal conditions,they expanded during chronic inflammation and generated OCs with enhanced activity.In contrast,hOCPs were abundant and manifested high osteoclastogenic potential under normal conditions but generated OCs with low activity and were unresponsive to the inflammatory environment.Osteoclasts derived from iOCPs expressed higher levels of resorptive and metabolic proteins than those generated from hOCPs,highlighting that different osteoclast populations are formed by distinct precursors.We further identified the TNF-αand S100A8/A9 proteins as key regulators that control the iOCP response during chronic inflammation.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the response of iOCPs but not that of hOCPs was abrogated in tnf-α^(-/-)mice,in correlation with attenuated IBL.Our findings suggest a central role for iOCPs in IBL induction.iOCPs can serve as potential biomarkers for IBL detection and possibly as new therapeutic targets to combat IBL in a wide range of inflammatory conditions.

关键词： inflammation inflammatory osteoclast

Prospective of Medical Cost for Renal Failure for Sex and Age Group in Range 2012-2050： Case of Mexico

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2015年第5期12卷 228-236页

作者： Dora E. Ledesma-Carrion Lidia hernandez-hernandez Maria Teresa leonor Mucifio-Porras Direccion General Adjunta de Investigacion de la Direceion General de Integracion Analisis e Investigacion lnstituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia Av. Patriotismo 711 Torre A Piso 4 Col. San Juan Mixcoac Mexico D. F. 03730 Mexieo Subdireccion de Capacitaeion de la Direccion General de Administracion Instituto Naeional de Estadistica y Geografia Av. Patriotismo 711 Torre A Piso 2 Col. San Juan Mixeoae Mexieo D. F. 03730 Mexico

Soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean forests after fire

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 240-252页

作者： Víctor Fernández-García Elena Marcos Sara Huerta leonor Calvo Area of Ecology Department of Biodiversity and Environmental ManagementFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversidad de León24071 LeónSpain

Background:Wildfires are one of the major environmental concerns in Mediterranean ecosystems.Thus,many studies have addressed wildfire impacts on soil and vegetation in Mediterranean forests,but the linkages between these ecosystem compartments after fire are not well understood.The aim of this work is to analyze soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean burned forests as well as the consistency of these relationships among forests with different environmental conditions,at different times after fire,and among vegetation with different functional traits.Results:Our results indicate that study site conditions play an important role in mediating soil-vegetation relationships.Likewise,we found that the nature of soil-vegetation relationships may vary over time as fire effects are less dominant in both ecosystem compartments.Despite this,we detected several common soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and times after fire.For instance,our results revealed that available P content and stoichiometry(C:P and N:P)were closely linked to vegetation growth,and particularly to the growth of trees.We found that enzymatic activities and microbial biomass were inversely related to vegetation growth rates,whereas the specific activities of soil enzymes were higher in the areas with more vegetation height and cover.Likewise,our results suggest that resprouters may influence soil properties more than seeders,the growth of seeders being more dependent on soil status.Conclusions:We provide pioneer insights into how vegetation is influenced by soil,and vice-versa,in Mediterranean burned areas.Our results reflect variability in soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and time after fire,but consistent patterns between soil properties and vegetation were also detected.Our research is highly relevant to advance in forest science and could be useful to achieve efficient post-fire management.

关键词： Wildfires Soil nutrients Enzymatic activities Microbial biomass Growth forms Regenerative strategies