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Investigation of multi-step fast charging protocol and aging mechanism for commercial NMC/graphite lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 237-246,I0006页

作者： Yaqi Li Jia Guo Kjeld Pedersen leonid gurevich Daniel-Ioan Stroe Department of Materials and Production Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark

Fast charging is considered a promising protocol for raising the charging efficiency of electric vehicles.However,high currents applied to Lithium-ion(Li-ion)batteries inevitably accelerate the degradation and shorten their lifetime.This work designs a multi-step fast-charging method to extend the lifetime of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2(NMC)/graphite Li-ion batteries based on the studies of half cells and investigates the aging mechanisms for different charging methods.The degradation has been studied from both full cell behaviour and materials perspectives through a combination of non-destructive diagnostic methods and post-mortem analysis.In the proposed multi-step charging protocol,the state-of-charge(SOC)profile is subdivided into five ranges,and the charging current is set differently for different SOC ranges.One of the designed multi-step fast charging protocols is shown to allow for a 200 full equivalent cycles longer lifetime as compared to the standard charging method,while the charging time is reduced by 20%.From the incremental capacity analysis and electrical impedance spectroscopy,the loss of active materials and lithium inventory on the electrodes,as well as an increase in internal resistance for the designed multistep constant-current-constant-voltage(MCCCV)protocol have been found to be significantly lower than for the standard charging method.Post-mortem analysis shows that cells aged by the designed MCCCV fast charging protocol exhibit less graphite exfoliation and crystallization damage,as well as a reduced solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer growth on the anode,leading to a lower Rseiresistance and extended lifetime.

关键词： Fast-charging Lithium-ion battery Aging mechanism Electrode

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Understanding the mechanism of capacity increase during early cycling of commercial NMC/graphite lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 34-44,I0003页

作者： Jia Guo Yaqi Li Jinhao Meng Kjeld Pedersen leonid gurevich Daniel-Ioan Stroe AAU Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg9220Denmark Department of Materials and Production Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

A capacity increase is often observed in the early stage of Li-ion battery cycling.This study explores the phenomena involved in the capacity increase from the full cell,electrodes,and materials perspective through a combination of non-destructive diagnostic methods in a full cell and post-mortem analysis in a coin cell.The results show an increase of 1%initial capacity for the battery aged at 100%depth of discharge(DOD)and 45℃.Furthermore,large DODs or high temperatures accelerate the capacity increase.From the incremental capacity and differential voltage(IC-DV)analysis,we concluded that the increased capacity in a full cell originates from the graphite anode.Furthermore,graphite/Li coin cells show an increased capacity for larger DODs and a decreased capacity for lower DODs,thus in agreement with the full cell results.Post-mortem analysis results show that a larger DOD enlarges the graphite dspace and separates the graphite layer structure,facilitating the Li+diffusion,hence increasing the battery capacity.

关键词： Capacity increasing Lithium-ion battery Full cell Coin cell Graphite anode

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