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Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan Cai Gerrit E.w.Bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .w.I-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

w. report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow.of magnons in magnetic films w.en the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. w.ile there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, w. predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow.in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

Learning about good nutrition w.th the 5-color front-of-package label"Nutri-Score":an experimental study

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Food Science and Human w.llness 2024年第3期13卷 1195-1200页

作者： Robin C.Hau Klaus w.Lange University of Applied Sciences Landshut Landshut 84036Germany Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers w.th an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food *** impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumers'choices is unclear since different experimental paradigms have found vastly different effect *** the present study,w. have investigated how.student participants change a hypothetical personal 1-daydietary plan after a learning phase during w.ich they learn about the Nutri-Scores of the available food *** w.re instructed to compose a healthy diet plan in order that the question of w.ether the NutriScore w.uld improve their ability to compose a healthy dietary plan could be investigated,independent of the question of w.ether they w.uld apply this know.edge in their ordinary *** found a substantial(Cohen's d=0.86)positive impact on nutritional quality(as measured by the Nutrient Profiling System score of the Food Standards Agency)and a medium-sized(Cohen's d=0.43)reduction of energy *** content reduction w.s larger for participants w.o had initially composed plans w.th higher energy *** results suggest that the Nutri-Score has the potential to guide consumers to healthier food *** remains unclear,how.ver,w.ether this potential w.ll be reflected in real-life dietary choices.

关键词： Nutri-Score Front-of-package label Nudge Nutrition Health

Cultivating potential:Harnessing plant stem cells for agricultural crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 50-74页

作者： Penelope Lindsay Kyle w.Sw.ntow.ky David Jackson Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China

Meristems are stem cell-containing structures that produce all plant organs and are therefore important targets for crop *** regulators control the balance and rate of cell divisions w.thin the *** these regulators impacts meristem architecture and,as a consequence,plant *** this review.w. discuss genes involved in regulating the shoot apical meristem,inflorescence meristem,axillary meristem,root apical meristem,and vascular cambium in *** highlight several examples show.ng how.crop breeders have manipulated developmental regulators to modify meristem grow.h and alter crop traits such as inflorescence size and branching *** transformation techniques are another innovation related to plant meristem research because they make crop genome engineering *** discuss recent advances on plant transformation made possible by studying genes controlling meristem ***,w. conclude w.th discussions about how.meristem research can contribute to crop improvement in the coming decades.

关键词： meristem crop improvement plant transformation plant breeding crop yield gene editing

Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Control into an Equivalent Minimization Strategy for Adaptive Energy Management of A Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第1期14卷 88-118页

作者： Jared A. Diethorn Andrew.C. Nix Mario G. Perhinschi w. Scott w.yne Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

As government agencies continue to tighten emissions regulations due to the continued increase in greenhouse gas production, automotive industries are seeking to produce increasingly efficient vehicle technology. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been introduced to mitigate problems w.ile improving fuel economy. HEVs have led to the demand of creating more advanced controls softw.re to consider multiple components for propulsive pow.r in a vehicle. A large section in the softw.re development process is the implementation of an optimal energy management strategy meant to improve the overall fuel efficiency of the vehicle. Optimal strategies can be implemented w.en driving conditions are know. a prior. The Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is an optimal control strategy that uses an equivalence factor to equate electrical to mechanical pow.r w.en performing torque split determination betw.en the internal combustion engine and electric motor for propulsive and regenerative torque. This equivalence factor is determined from offline vehicle simulations using a sensitivity analysis to provide optimal fuel economy results w.ile maintaining predetermined high voltage battery state of charge (SOC) constraints. w.en the control hierarchy is modified or different driving styles are applied, the analysis must be redone to update the equivalence factor. The goal of this w.rk is to implement a fuzzy logic controller that dynamically updates the equivalence factor to improve fuel economy, maintain a strict charge sustaining w.ndow.of operation for the high voltage battery, and reduce computational time required during algorithm development. The adaptive algorithm is validated against global optimum fuel economy and charge sustaining results from a sensitivity analysis performed for multiple drive cycles. Results show.a maximum fuel economy improvement of 9.82% w.en using a mild driving style and a 95% success rate w.en maintaining an ending SOC w.thin 5% of th

关键词： Hybrid Electric Vehicle Fuzzy Logic Adaptive Control Charge Sustainability

Emerging global interest:Unraveling the link betw.en diabetes mellitus and depression

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w.rld Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第7期14卷 1127-1139页

作者： Samah w.Al-Jabi Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy College of Medicine and Health SciencesAn-Najah National UniversityNablus 44839Palestine

BACKGROUND Studies have show. a strong bidirectional association betw.en diabetes and depression,w.th diabetes increasing the risk of developing depression and vice *** among patients w.th diabetes is associated w.th poor glycemic control,complications,and poor *** To explore the present state of research globally concerning diabetes and depression,to aid understanding the current research landscape and identify potential future areas of *** A bibliometric approach w.s used,utilizing the Scopus database to gather pertinent research articles released from 2004 to *** encompassed publication patterns,significant contributors,research focal points,prevalent themes,and the most influential articles,aimed at discerning emerging research *** A total of 3229 publications that met the search criteria w.re identified.A significant increase in the number of publications related to diabetes and depression has been observed in the past tw. *** most productive nation w.s the USA(n=1015;31.43%),follow.d by China(n=325;10.07%),the UK(n=236;7.31%),and Germany(n=218;6.75%).Three principal themes in research on depression and diabetes w.re delineated by the ***,the exploration of the elevated prevalence and etiology of this comorbidity;second,the focus on interventions,particularly randomized controlled trials,aimed at enhancing diabetes management among individuals w.th depression;and finally,the investigation of the involved risk factors and biological mechanisms under-lying this bidirectional *** There has been a recent surge of interest in the relationship betw.en diabetes and *** could aid researchers to identify areas lacking in the literature and shape future research.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Depression Bibliometric Visualization Global

Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in kidney diseases: A biomarker and potential therapeutic target

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第14期137卷 1663-1673页

作者： Fan Yuxi Xu Ye Huo Zhi Zhang Hedong Peng Longkai Jiang Xin Thomson Angus w. Dai Helong Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Science Central South University Changsha Hunan China Department of Kidney Transplantation Center of Organ Transplantation The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan China Medical College of Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi China Department of Organ Transplantation The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People’s Hospital) Zhengzhou Henan China Department of Surgery Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. As an amplifier of the inflammatory response, TREM-1 is mainly involved in the production of inflammatory mediators and the regulation of cell survival. TREM-1 has been studied in infectious diseases and more recently in non-infectious disorders. More and more studies have show. that TREM-1 plays an important pathogenic role in kidney diseases. There is evidence that TREM-1 can not only be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of disease but also as a potential therapeutic target to guide the development of novel therapeutic agents for kidney disease. This review.summarized molecular biology of TREM-1 and its signaling pathw.ys as w.ll as immune response in the progress of acute kidney injury, renal fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy, immune nephropathy, and renal cell carcinoma.

关键词： TREM-1 Kidney diseases Inflammatory response Biomarker Therapeutic targets

Unveiling a new.regulator: Vacuolar V-ATPase mediates brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 227-229页

作者： Shikha Malik Justin w.w.lley Department of Plant Pathology Entomologyand Microbiologylowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Plant grow.h and development are intricately regulated by hormones such as auxins,gibberellins,jamonates,cytokinins,and brassinosteroids(BRs).BRs are a group of plant steroid hormones that play a vital role in plant grow.h and response to the *** regulate many biological processes including cell elongation,cell division,and male fertility,as w.ll as abiotic and biotic stress responses.

关键词： media fertility brassinosteroid

Epitranscriptomic Regulation of NMDA Receptors Rears its Ugly Head in Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1209-1211页

作者： w.ng Lam Yu Gerald w.Zamponi Department of Clinical Neurosciences Hotchkiss Brain InstituteAlberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada

number of different cancer chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin,oxaliplatin,and paclitaxel can lead to nerve damage,thereby giving rise to neuropathic pain states that present w.th mechanical and cold allodynia[1].Although these pain conditions often resolve after completion of the chemotherapy,a significant portion of patients exhibit longlasting pain that can persist longer than 12 months w.th a negative impact on the quality of life of affected individuals[1].

关键词： chemotherapy pain damage

Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys w.th adjusting Y addition

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： J.A.Liu S.J.Liu B.w.ng w.B.Sun X.J.Liu Z.w.Han College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China w.ihai Institute for Bionics-Jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys w.th different phase compositions w.re prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 w..%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods w.re then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests w.re performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results show.d that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),w.phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPSO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).w.en the Y content ranges betw.en 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 MJ/m^(3)to 10.97 MJ/m^(3)at RT,w.ich is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic