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Optimizing the use of open chambers to measure ammonia volatilization in field plots amended with urea

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 243-254页

作者： márcio R.mARTINS leonardo F.SARKIS Selenobaldo A.C.SANT’ANNA Camila A.SANTOS Karla E.ARAUJO Ricardo C.SANTOS Ednaldo S.ARAÚJO Bruno J.R.ALVES Claudia P.JANTALIA Robert m.BODDEY mohammad ZAmAN Segundo URQUIAGA Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRRJ) Rod.BR 465km 7Seropédica RJ CEP 23891-000(Brazil) Agroscope Research Division Agroecology and EnvironmentClimate and Agriculture GroupReckenholzstrasse 191Zurich 8046(Switzerland) Soil and Water management&Crop Nutrition Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&AgricultureP.O.Box 100Vienna A-1400(Austria)

measuring ammonia(NH_(3))volatilization from urea-fertilized soils is crucial for evaluation of practices that reduce gaseous nitrogen(N)losses in *** small area of chambers used for NH_(3)volatilization measurements compared with the size of field plots may cause significant errors if inadequate sampling strategies are *** aims were:i)to investigate the effect of using multiple open chambers on the variability in the measurement of NH_(3)volatilization in urea-amended field plots and ii)to define the critical period of NH_(3)-N losses during which the concentration of sampling effort is capable of reducing *** use of only one chamber covering 0.015%of the plot(51.84 m^(2))generates a value of NH_(3)-N loss within an expected margin of error of 30%around the true *** reduce the error margin by half(15%),3–7 chambers were required with a mean of 5 chambers per *** the sampling efforts in the first two weeks after urea application,which is usually the most critical period of N losses and associated errors,represents an efficient strategy to lessen uncertainty in the measurements of NH_(3)*** strategy enhances the power of detection of NH_(3)-N loss abatement in field experiments using chambers.

关键词： chamber method experimental error gas emission low-cost chamber nitrogen cycling nitrogen loss soil variability

Anxiety-Behavior modulated by Ventral medial Prefrontal Cortex of Rats Submitted to the Vogel Conflict Test Involves a Local NmDA Receptor and Nitric Oxide

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期1卷 181-187页

作者： Sabrina F.Lisboa Francisco S.Guimaraes leonardo B.m.Resstel Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine of Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoBrazil

It was demonstrated in the Vogel conflict test (VCT) that the ventral portion of medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) of rats is involved with anxiety behavior. moreover, the vmPFC local glutamatergic and nitrergic system interaction is involved in modulation of fear conditioning, a model of anxiety. To better understand the role of the mPFC-glutamatergic and nitrergic system on the VTC behavior response, male Wistar rats (250 g) were water deprived for 48 h before the VCT. After 24 h of water deprivation, they were subjected to an initial 3-min non-punished (pre-test) drinking session. Twenty-four hours later bilateral microinjections of NmDA-antagonist LY235959 (4 nmol/200 nL), the specific nNOS inhibitor N-Propyl-L-arginine (N-Propyl –0.08 nmol/200 nL), the NO scavenger Carboxi-PTIO (C-PTIO, 2 nmol/200 nL) or 200nL of vehicle were applied in the vmPFC. After 10 min, the animals were submitted to 3-min punished-licking session. LY235959 increased the number of punished licks. Similar to LY235959, both N-Propyl and C-PTIO also increased the number of punished licks. No changes were observed when LY235959, N-Propyl and C-PTIO were micro- injected into vmPFC surrounding structures such as the cingulate cortex area 1, the corpus callosum and the tenia tecta. In control experiments these drugs did not change neither the number of unpunished licks nor had any effect in the tail-flick test. The results show that NO signaling in the vmPFC can modulate anxiety-behavior in the VCT by control punished behavior. moreover, this NO modulation could be associated with local glutamatergic activation through NmDA receptors.

关键词： Infra Limbic Cortex Prelimbic Cortex Anxiolytic-Like Effects Defensive Behavior

Assessment of Genetic Stability Among In Vitro Plants of Arachis retusa Using RAPD and AFLP markers for Germplasm Preservation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第3期49卷 307-312页

作者： Rachel Fatima Gagliardi Luiz Ricardo Hanai Georgia Pacheco Carlos Alberto Oliveira leonardo Alves Carneiro José Francisco montenegro Valls Elisabeth mansur maria Lucia Carneiro Vieira Laboratório de micropropagacao e Transformacao de Plantas Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro postal code 20550-013 Maracana Rio de Janeiro Brazil Departamento de Genética - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Universidade de Sao Paulo postal code 13418-900 Piracicaba Brazil Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia postal code 70770-901 Brasilia Brazil

Arachis retusa Krapov. et W. C. Gregory et Valls is endemic in the West-central region of Brazil, occurring In areas endangered by human actions. The establishment of in vitro preservation methods for wild species of Arachis is an alternative to seed banks for germplasm storage, multiplication and distribution. The risk of genetic changes Induced by tissue culture and the monitoring of the genetic stability of the biological material before, during and after storage must be considered In the context of conservation. Random amplified polymorphlc ONA （RAPO） and amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） fingerprinting were used to evaluate the genetic stability of in vitro plants originated from cotyledons and embryo axes of A. retusa. Cotyledons originated shoots through direct organogenesls and embryo axes displayed muItishoot formation Induced by 110 mmol/L and 8.8 mmol/L BAP, respectively. Ninety genomlc regions （loci） generated from RAPO and 372 from AFLP analyses were evaluated. All amplified fragments detected by both techniques in plants derived from the two explant types were monomorphic. The results Indicate that the recovered shoots are genetically stable at the assessed genomic regions.

关键词： amplified fragment length polymorphism Arachis retusa in vitro preservation micropropagation random amplifiedpolymorphic DNA somaclonal variation

Unlocking the out-of-plane dimension for photonic bound states in the continuum to achieve maximum optical chirality

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2423-2433页

作者： Lucca Kühner Fedja J.Wendisch Alexander A.Antonov Johannes Bürger Ludwig Hüttenhofer leonardo de S.menezes Stefan A.maier maxim V.Gorkunov Yuri Kivshar Andreas Tittl Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Nanoinstitute Munichand Center for NanoScienceFaculty of PhysicsLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichKöniginstrasse 1080539 MünchenGermany Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography FSRC“Crystallography and Photonics”Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119333Russia Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Pernambuco50670-901 RecifePernambucoBrazil School of Physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityWellington RdClaytonVIC 3800Australia The Blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Nonlinear Physics Centre Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

The realization of lossless metasurfaces with true chirality crucially requires the fabrication of three-dimensional structures,constraining experimental feasibility and hampering practical *** though the threedimensional assembly of metallic nanostructures has been demonstrated previously,the resulting plasmonic resonances suffer from high intrinsic and radiative *** concept of photonic bound states in the continuum(BICs)is instrumental for tailoring radiative losses in diverse geometries,especially when implemented using lossless dielectrics,but applications have so far been limited to planar ***,we introduce a novel nanofabrication approach to unlock the height of individual resonators within all-dielectric metasurfaces as an accessible parameter for the efficient control of resonance features and nanophotonic *** particular,we realize out-of-plane symmetry breaking in quasi-BIC metasurfaces and leverage this design degree of freedom to demonstrate an optical all-dielectric quasi-BIC metasurface with maximum intrinsic chirality that responds selectively to light of a particular circular polarization depending on the structural *** experimental results not only open a new paradigm for all-dielectric BICs and chiral nanophotonics,but also promise advances in the realization of efficient generation of optical angular momentum,holographic metasurfaces,and parity-time symmetry-broken optical systems.

关键词： dielectric symmetry realization

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巴西生物制品的监管（英文）

药物分析杂志 2015年第5期35卷 788-792页

作者： leonardo Fabio Costa Filho marcelo mario matos moreira Chang Chiann leonardo de Souza Teixeira Silvia Storpirtis Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency(ANVISA) BrasiliaBrazil Department of Statistics Institute of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SP Brazil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Goiania GO Brazil Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SP Brazil

创新和原研的生物治疗药品价格昂贵,限制了这些药品在病人中的广泛使用。由于一些生物治疗药品的专利已经或即将到期,巴西制药行业对于生产生物治疗类似药物的兴趣也在不断增长。生物治疗类似药物(SBP)开发的主要目的是确保患者以更实... 详细信息

创新和原研的生物治疗药品价格昂贵,限制了这些药品在病人中的广泛使用。由于一些生物治疗药品的专利已经或即将到期,巴西制药行业对于生产生物治疗类似药物的兴趣也在不断增长。生物治疗类似药物(SBP)开发的主要目的是确保患者以更实惠的价格获得治疗作用等效的生物治疗药品。生物制品和生物技术产品在巴西占用政府卫生预算的比例较大,所以巴西政府一直致力于在生物治疗药物的质量、安全和有效性得以保障的前提下,向市场中投入更多价格实惠的生物治疗类似药物,并加强其生产与供应,降低政府支出,从而惠及更多患者。本文介绍巴西SBP监管的现况。

关键词：生物制品生物技术产品生物治疗产品巴西卫生监督局法规市场授权

Artificial Enamel Wear after Prolonged Chewing Simulation against monolithic Y-TZP Crowns

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materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第4期9卷 381-392页

作者： Deborah Vedana leonardo Vedana Emerson Alves martins Peter Brodersen Grace m. De Souza Prosthodontics Department University of Vale do Itajai Itajai Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto Toronto Canada

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chewing simulation on wear of artificial enamel abraded against zirconia-based crowns. Fifteen crown preparations were scanned for the manufacturing of crowns using computer-aided-design/computer-aided-machining technique (CAD/CAm), according to the following (n = 5): Polished (Pm) and glazed (Gm) monolithic zirconia (1.5 mm uniform thickness), and Bilayer (BL - 0.8 mm zirconia coping, 0.7 mm porcelain veneer) crowns. The samples were cemented and chewing simulation (2.5 million cycles/0-80N/artificial saliva/37°C) was performed with steatite indenters (6 mm diameter) as antagonists. Assuming the uniformity of the unaged samples, antagonists were scanned using a surface profilometer and the material loss volume was calculated. Roughness of the crowns’ occlusal surface was also analyzed using the profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the abraded surface. One-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p = 0.05) were employed for analysis of wear results. A significant difference was observed among the groups (p 3 ± 0.015) than those abraded against monolithic zirconia, polished (Pm - 0.167 mm3 ± 0.02) and glazed (0.101 mm3 ± 0.03), which were similar to each other. Veneering porcelain results in more pronounced wear of the artificial enamel than monolithic zirconia. However, mastication against monolithic Y-TZP also imposes wear to the opposing teeth.

关键词： Tooth Wear Ceramics Tooth Abrasion Dental Porcelain

Enhacement of the Viability of <i>Lactobacillus</i><i>plantarum</i>during the Preservation and Storage Process Based on the Response Surface methodology

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 1746-1755页

作者： Girme Gisela Arosemena Esteban leonardo Perez Lucia Vera Rodrigo Grau Eduard Calvo m. Angeles Grupo de microbiología Aplicada y medio-ambiental Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain

Objective: The Response Surface methodology (RSm) is a commonly used system to optimize cell viability of probiotic strains when they are subjected to different preservation and storage processes. methods and Results: To determine the optimal levels of incorporation of several cry oprotectants (skim milk, sucrose and trehalose) in the freeze-drying process of Lactobacillus plantarum, a range of experiments based on a Rotational Central Composite design (CCD) were conducted. The results were adjusted to a quadratic model, resulting in the presence of interaction between the different variables. Solving a regression equation, we obtained the optimum concentrations of cryoprotective agents: 24.06% milk powder, 6.22% sucrose, 5.63% trehalose. To visualize the interactions between the three variables involved in the study, Design Expert? software was used. Conclusions: The analysis reveals that while trehalose has a direct effect on the viability of L. plantarum, skim milk and sucrose exert quadratic effects. There are also interactions between cryoprotectants, which emphasize the synergies produced between milk and sucrose and between sucrose and trehalose, which allows maintaining the viability of L. plantarum. Significance and Impact of the Study: The addition of new oligosaccharides as trehalose in premixtures for functional feed can maintain the viability of L. plantarum during longer periods of time, ensuring the proper administration of probiotics to their destinations.

关键词： Cryoprotectants Freeze-Drying Process Probiotics Response Surface methodology Central Composite Design

Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Dissection of the Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report and a Brief Review

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Case Reports in Clinical medicine 2022年第8期11卷 313-320页

作者： César Hayashi-mercado Reynaldo Ramírez Chacón leonardo Ramírez Iñ iguez Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Gómez Abelardo Alexander Aguilar West Natsuo Hayashi-mercado The American British Cowdray medical Center Mexico City México Hospital Regional de Pemex Villahermosa México Centro de Especialidades medicas Dr. Julián Manzur Oca&#241 a ISSET Tabasco City México Ecodiagnostica Managua Nicaragua UABC Tijuana México

Background: Internal carotid artery (ICA) dissections generally occur when a tear occurs in the intima-media layer, either of traumatic or spontaneous origin. In this scenario, multifocal cerebral thrombosis may be a clear consequence of untreated ICA dissection. The incidence of internal carotid artery dissection in the US is estimated to be 1.72 per 100,000 population per year. Objective: To make a brief review of the literature and to explain, through a clinical case, the scenario of multiple ischemic cerebrovascular events is associated with the dissection of the internal carotid artery, in a young patient with no relevant history. Presentation of the Case: A 46-year-old female patient, with no significant history, who came to the emergency service presenting loss of strength in the right pelvic limb, disordered language, and difficulty walking for 3 hours, in the neurological examination evidence of decreased tendon reflexes and loss of strength of the right side of the body. Imaging studies show compromise of the m2 and m3 segments of the left middle cerebral artery, as well as multiple areas of associated ischemia in this hemisphere. Additional studies identify concomitant left ICA dissection. Based on the findings, it was decided to perform a thrombectomy of the affected area, as well as subsequent placement of a stent in the area of dissection. In the control angioTC study, revascularization of the m2 and m3 segments was observed, and in the follow-up of the patient, complete recovery of the symptoms was observed, with muscle strength, tendon reflexes, and preserved language functions. Conclusions: The ischemic cerebrovascular event is a frequent pathological entity in the emergency service;in the scenario of a young patient as mentioned above, it is important to take into consideration the different causes of this pathology. We are obliged to familiarize ourselves with the different imaging modalities for an adequate diagnostic approach, as well as the tre

关键词： Ischemic Stroke Dissection Internal Carotid Artery

Severity of Leaf Rust and Brown Eyespot in Genotypes of Coffea arabica *** with High Plant Density

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第25期5卷 3702-3709页

作者： Wagner Nunes rodrigues marcelo Antonio Tomaz marcio Antonio Apostolico Tafarel Victor Colodetti Lima Deleon martins leonardo Fardim Christo Sebastiao Vinicius Batista Brinate Waldir Cintra de Jesus Jr. Jose Francisco Teixeira do Amaral Centro de Ciencias Agrarias Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo(CCA/UFES)AlegreBrazil Centro de Ciencias da Natureza Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos(UFSCAR)BuriBrazil

This study investigated the severity of leaf rust and brown eyespot in genotypes of Coffea arabica L. cultivated with high plant density in the region of Caparaó-ES. The experiment was conducted in a competition field, cultivated with high plant density (8333 plants per hectare), following a randomized block design, with 16 genotypes and four replications. The plants were evaluated during consecutive harvests to study two complete reproductive cycles (from 2010 to 2012). Data were obtained for the phenologicalstages of flowering, graining, maturation and vegetative rest of each cycle. The severity of leaf rust (Hemileia vastratrix) and brown eyespot (Cercospora coffeicola) was evaluated using descriptive scales. It was observed that the genotypes are able to keep a considerable level of resistance to the leaf rust and brown eyespot when cultivated with increased density. The genotypes presented variability regarding the severity of the leaf rust and brown eyespot, indicating the existence of differential levels of resistance between them. For cultivation with high plant density, the genotypes Katipó, Paraíso mG H419-1, H419-3-3-7-16-4-1-1, Araponga mG1, Catucaí Amarelo 24/137, Catiguá mG2, Sacramento mG1, Pau-Brasil mG1, Catiguá mG3, Oeiras mG 6851 and Tupi present higher level of resistance for leaf rust. In addition, the genotypes Paraíso mG H419-1, Catiguá mG2, Pau-Brasil mG1, Catiguá mG3, Oeiras mG 6851, Tupi, Catuaí IAC 44, Catuaí IAC 81 and Catuaí IAC 144 present higher level of resistance for brown eyespot.

关键词： Arabica Coffee Hemileia vastratrix Cercospora coffeicola Genetic Control Resistance