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Numerical simulations of smok. spread during solar roof fires

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Building Simulation 2022年第4期15卷 561-570页

作者： Xin Zhang Monireh Aram Dahai Qi Liangzhu(leon)Wang Department of Civil and Building Engineering Universite de Sherbrooke2500boul.de I'UniversiteSherbrooke(Quebec)J1K2R1Canada Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Deportment of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontreal(Quebec)H3G 1M8Canada

As the installation of solar roofs increases,so has the concern over *** from a solar roof fire could spread into a building through roof openings and presents a challenge for existing fire protection *** date,there have been insufficient studies on solar roof fire-induced smok. *** this study,we conducted computational fluid dynamics(CDF)simulations using Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS)to better understand the mechanisms of solar roof fire-induced smok. spread and help with solar roof ***,the photovoltaic(PV)combustion model was created in FDS and validated by experimental data.A parametric study was then simulated to investigate the impacts of roof slopes and vent sizes on the smok. spread of the solar *** was found that the roof slope has a significant effect on the fire smok. *** the roof slope increases,the region of separation,where the smok. and air are mixed,can extend from the leeward side of the building to the roof *** a result,smok. could fill the attic and room more slowly,leading to a lower soot density and lower indoor *** design a solar roof,both fire smok. protection and PV energy performance should be considered,especially for the low latitude regions where the PV optimal title angle regarding energy performance is small and leads to a higher risk.of smok. infiltration.

关键词： solar roof fire CFD smok. infiltration

Structural biology of the macroautophagy machinery

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第1期9卷 18-34页

作者： leon H. CHEW Calvin k. YIP Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The University of British Columbia 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T1Z3 Canada

Macroautophagy is a conserved degradative process mediated through formation of a unique double- membrane structure, the autophagosome. The discovery of autophagy-related （Atg） genes required for autophagosome formation has led to the characterization of approximately 20 genes mediating this process. Recent structural studies of the Atg proteins have provided the molecular basis for their function. Here we summarize the recent progress in elucidating the structural basis for autophagosome formation.

关键词： macroautophagy autophagy Atg proteins structural biology X-ray crystallography single-particle electronmicroscopy

An analysis of Great Salt Lak. Winogradsk. columns

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1352-1368页

作者： Sierra A.DE leon Anna E.JACk.ON William BLACk.William THOMAS Matt k.UBACk.June BAXTER Bonnie k.BAXTER Great Salt Lak. Institute Westminster UniversitySalt Lake City 84105USA Department of Visual Arts Westminster UniversitySalt Lake City 84105USA Natural History Museum of Utah University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112USA

Sergei Winogradsk. illuminated revolutionary concepts and produced a tool to visualize complex microbial communities and their metabolisms over time:columns displaying aquatic consortia with variety of *** work.d with museums in Utah to create Winogradsk. columns that would highlight aesthetic properties of the Great Salt Lak.(GSL)ecosystem,which has a salinity gradient from the freshwater wetlands to salt *** column,constructed using haloarchaea-rich hypersaline brine and oolitic sand of the lak.’s north arm,was enriched with nutrients,and resulted in the desired pink.hue over *** a seven-year maturation period,we examined the microbial taxa present in the water through 16 S/18 S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS)gene sequencing.A pigment analysis revealed an abundance of bacteriochlorophyll *** presence of this pigment coupled with the DNA sequencing results,suggest that the haloarchaea that dominate the GSL brine,were not responsible for the pink.coloration,but instead Gammaproteobacteria,especially Halorhodospira *** the euk.ryotes,the lack.of phytoplank.on and the abundance of fungi were noteworthy *** data lik.ly relate to the reduction of oxygen in a non-aerated sealed system over *** second exhibit had the goal of educating museum goers about the varying salinities of Great Salt *** we employed three distinct columns of water and sediment from this salinity *** of these columns overtime gave us information about invertebrate communities in addition to the microbial *** installations taught us about comparing an artificial environment in a museum setting to the natural *** together,we present the data collected and lessons learned from using Winogradsk. columns in public spaces for teaching about an important saline lak..

关键词： Great Salt Lak. Winogradsk. halophiles extreme environment museum exhibit

An exploratory study on road tunnel with semi-transparent photovoltaic canopy-From energy saving and fire safety perspectives

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Building Simulation 2022年第4期15卷 537-548页

作者： Dahai Qi Senwen Yang Chang Shu Xin Zhang Liangzhu(leon)Wang Andreas Athienitis Department of Civil and Building Engineering Universite de Sherbrooke2500boul.de I'UniversiteSherbrookeQuebec J1K2R1Canada Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Department of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontrealQuebec H3G 1M8Canada

Road tunnels consume a large amount of energy,especially in the Canadian cold climate,where the roads are heated electrically or deicing during the *** a more sustainable and resilient road tunnel energy system,we conducted an exploratory study on installing a semi-transparent photovoltaic(STPV)canopy at the entrances and exits of a tunnel under a *** proposed system generates solar-powered electricity,improves thermal and visual conditions,and reduces energy *** this study,field measurements of road surface temperature and air temperature were conducted,and numerical simulations with and without STPV were performed to study air and road surface temperatures under different traffic *** field measurements show the road surface temperatures are higher than the air temperature on *** interior air and road surface temperature were measured to be above 0°C,even though the outdoor temperature is far below 0°C,thus significantly reducing the need for deicing in winter using *** simulations show that the air and surface temperatures elevate due to the solar transmission heat through the STPV canopy,thus reducing deicing energy consumption *** fire safety analysis also showed that the proposed system's top opening should be located near the tunnel entrance instead of the canopy entrance for better smok. exhaust during a fire.

关键词： STPV road tunnel fire safety energy efficiency cold climate

Impact of device resistances in the performance of graphene‑based terahertz photodetectors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 87-97页

作者： O.Castelló Sofía M.López Baptista k.Watanabe T.Taniguchi E.Diez J.E.Velázquez-Pérez Y.M.Meziani J.M.Caridad J.A.Delgado-Notario Department of Applied Physics University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Unidad de Excelencia en Luz y Materia Estructurada(LUMES) University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Nanotechnology Group USAL-NanolabUniversity of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain

In recent years,graphene field-effect-transistors(GFETs)have demonstrated an outstanding potential for terahertz(THz)photodetection due to their fast response and *** features are essential to enable emerging THz applications,including 6G wireless communications,quantum information,bioimaging and ***,the overall performance of these photodetectors may be utterly compromised by the impact of internal resistances presented in the device,so-called access or parasitic *** this work.we provide a detailed study of the influence of internal device resistances in the photoresponse of high-mobility dual-gate GFET *** dual-gate architectures allow us to fine tune(decrease)the internal resistance of the device by an order of magnitude and consequently demonstrate an improved responsivity and noise-equivalent-power values of the photodetector,*** results can be well understood by a series resistance model,as shown by the excellent agreement found between the experimental data and theoretical *** findings are therefore relevant to understand and improve the overall performance of existing high-mobility graphene photodetectors.

关键词： Graphene THz Photodetector Field-effect transistor Plasmonic

Anatomic Correlates of Mitral Systolic Anterior Motion in Transposition of the Great Arteries Following Atrial Switch Operation

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第3期18卷 267-277页

作者： Norman Aiad Mark.V.Sherrid Adam J.Small Youssef Elnabawi Jodi Feinberg leon Axel Ralph Mosca T.k.Susheel k.mar Michael Argilla Dan G.Halpern Cardiovascular Division Leon H.Charney Division of CardiologyNYU Langone HealthSchool of MedicineNew York University GrossmanNew YorkUSA Department of Cardiovascular Disease Medical SchoolThe University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUSA The Lillehei Heart Institute MinneapolisMNUSA Radiology Department NYU Langone HealthSchool of MedicineNew York University GrossmanNew YorkUSA Cardiothoracic Surgery Department NYU Langone HealthSchool of MedicineNew York University GrossmanNew YorkUSA Pediatric Cardiology Division NYU Langone HealthSchool of MedicineNew York University GrossmanNew YorkUSA Department of Internal Medicine NYU Langone HealthSchool of MedicineNew York University GrossmanNew YorkUSA

Introduction:We sought to investigate whether the development of sub-pulmonic systolic anterior motion(SAM)may be inherent to the anatomy of the the mitral valve(MV)or affected by external factors,such as a dilated right ventricle or chest abnormalities in d-looped transposition of the great arteries post atrial switch operation(d-TGA/AtS).Methods:Analysis was performed of clinical and cardiac imaging studies acquired on 19 adult patients with d-TGA/AtS(age 42±6 years old,56%male)between 2015–*** data included mitral apparatus anatomy,and CT/MRI data included biventricular dimensions,function,and Haller index(HI)for pectus ***:Patients with leaflet SAM(n=6)compared to patients without SAM(n=13)had higher MV protrusion height(2.3±0.5 vs.1.5±0.4 cm,p≤0.01)and longer anterior MV leaflet length(3.1±0.4 cm vs.2.6±0.3 cm p≤0.05),when compared to those ***/MRI showed higher sub-pulmonic left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in the SAM group(71%±8%vs.54%±7%,respectively).RV size and function,significant chest deformity(HI>3.5),presence of a ventricular lead pacemak.r,and septal thick.ess did not play a role in development of ***:An elongated mitral apparatus is associated with the development of SAM,and the development of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction(LVOTO),in d-TGA/*** hyperk.nesia is associated with *** RV dimensions,septal thick.ess,and degree of chest deformity did not differ significantly between subjects with SAM and those without.

关键词： d-loop transposition of the great arteries mustard operation senning operation systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve echocardiography cardiac MRI

Oldhamite:a new link.in upper mantle for C-O-S-Ca cycles and an indicator for planetary habitability

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National Science Review 2023年第10期10卷 44-53页

作者： Yuegao Liu I-Ming Chou Jiangzhi Chen Nanping Wu Wenyuan Li leon Bagas Minghua Ren Zairong Liu Shenghua Mei Liping Wang CAS k.y Laboratory for Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Hainan Deep-Sea Technology Innovation Center Xi'an Center of Geological Survey China Geological Survey Department of Geoscience University of Nevada Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology

In the solar system,oldhamite(CaS) is generally considered to be formed by the condensation of solar nebula *** chondrites,one of the most important repositories of oldhamite,are believed to be representative of the material that formed ***,the formation mechanism and the evolution process of oldhamite are of great significance to the deep understanding of the solar nebula,meteorites,the origin of Earth,and the C-O-S-Ca cycles of *** now,oldhamite has not been reported to occur in mantle ***,here we show the formation of oldhamite through the reaction between sulfide-bearing orthopyroxenite and molten CaCO3at 1.5 GPa/1510 k.0.5 GPa/1320 k.and 0.3 GPa/1273 ***,this reaction occurs at oxygen fugacities within the range of upper-mantle conditions,six orders of magnitude higher than that of the solar nebula *** is easily oxidized to CaSO4or hydrolysed to produce calcium *** oxygen fugacity of magma,extremely low oxygen content of the atmosphere,and the lack.of a large amount of liquid water on the celestial body’ s surface are necessary for the widespread existence of oldhamite on the surface of a celestial body otherwise,anhydrite or gypsum will exist in large *** may exist in the upper mantle beneath mid-ocean ***,oldhamites may have been a contributing factor to the early Earth’s atmospheric hypoxia environment,and the transient existence of oldhamites during the interaction between reducing sulfur-bearing magma and carbonate could have had an impact on the changes in atmospheric composition during the Permian-Triassic Boundary.

关键词： oldhamite middle-ocean ridge large igneous province Great Oxidation Event oxygen fugacity

Development of a Bayesian inference model for assessing ventilation condition based on CO_(2)meters in primary schools

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 133-149页

作者： Danlin Hou Liangzhu(leon)Wang Ali k.tal Shujie Yan Liang(Grace)Zhou Vick. Wang Mark.Vuotari Ethan Li Zihan Xie Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Department of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontrealQuebecH3G 1M8Canada Construction Research Centre Engineering DivisionNational Research Council of CanadaM-241200 Montreal RoadOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Outdoor fresh air ventilation plays a significant role in reducing airborne transmission of diseases in indoor *** classrooms are considerably challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the increasing need for in-person education,untimely and incompleted vaccinations,high occupancy density,and uncertain ventilation *** schools started to use CO_(2)meters to indicate air quality,but how to interpret the data remains *** uncertainties are also involved,including manual readings,student numbers and schedules,uncertain CO_(2)generation rates,and variable indoor and ambient *** study proposed a Bayesian inference approach with sensitivity analysis to understand CO_(2)readings in four primary schools by identifying uncertainties and calibrating k.y *** outdoor ventilation rate,CO_(2)generation rate,and occupancy level were identified as the top sensitive parameters for indoor CO_(2)*** occupancy schedule becomes critical when the CO_(2)data are limited,whereas a 15-min measurement interval could capture dynamic CO_(2)profiles well even without the occupancy *** CO_(2)recording should be avoided because it failed to capture peak.values and overestimated the ventilation *** the four primary school rooms,the calibrated ventilation rate with a 95%confidence level for fall condition is 1.96±0.31 ACH for Room#1(165 m^(3)and 20 occupancies)with mechanical ventilation,and for the rest of the naturally ventilated rooms,it is 0.40±0.08 ACH for Room#2(236 m^(3)and 21 occupancies),0.30±0.04 or 0.79±0.06 ACH depending on occupancy schedules for Room#3(236 m^(3)and 19 occupancies),0.40±0.32,0.48±0.37,0.72±0.39 ACH for Room#4(231 m^(3)and 8–9 occupancies)for three consecutive days.

关键词： COVID-19 Bayesian calibration Mark.v Chain Monte Carlo ventilation rate school CO_(2)

Performance and calibration of quark.gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott k. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk.S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik.M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aik.t M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchik. I. Aizenberg M. Ak.iyik.T.P.A. Åk.sson A.V. Ak.mov D. Ak.yama N.N. Ak.lk.r k. Al k.oury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Alek.a I.N. Alek.androv C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alk.k.i C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrook. J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos k.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.k. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidak.s A. Angerami A.V. Anisenk.v A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aok. T. Aok. J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada k. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah k. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atk.n M. Atk.nson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha k. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio k. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou k. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Back.an A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.k. Bak.r E. Bak.s D. Bak.hi Gupta V. Balak.ishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek.E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.k. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak.M. Barak.t E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel k.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Bark.ow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quark. and gluons,often referred to as quark.gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quark. often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark.gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quark. are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector track. associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark.gluon fraction in data,by using quark.gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger work.ng points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARk GLUON TAGGING