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Supplementing oat hulls to the diet of suckling piglets altered their intestinal tract and colonic microbiota development

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 284-296页

作者： Hubèrt M.J.van Hees Koen Chiers leo A.den Hartog Theo A.T.G.van Kempen Dominiek Maes Sam Millet Geert P.J.Janssens Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Trouw Nutrition Research and Development Amersfoortthe Netherlands Department of Pathology Ghent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO(Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food)MelleBelgium

Current study evaluated the effect of a fine and coarsely ground insoluble dietary fibre source on the gastrointestinal development of suckling *** hulls(OH)were selected as a model feedstuff,rich in cellulose,lignin,and insoluble dietary *** experimental supplemental diets were formulated:a finely ground,low fibre and nutrient dense diet served as control(CON).For the 2 high fibre diets,15%heat-treated starch in CON was exchanged with OH,either finely(OH-f)or coarsely ground(OH-c).Litters of 10 primi-and multiparous sows(mean litter size 14.6±0.84)were *** a litter,experimental diets were allotted to triplets of 4 *** approximately 12 d of age,piglets’individual feed intakes were recorded 2 times per day when separated from their dam for 70 *** could suckle with their dam for the remainder of the *** d 24 and 25,from the total pool of 120 piglets,seven healthy well-eating piglets per treatment were selected for post-mortem evaluation,resulting in 14 replicates per *** of OH-c and OH-f did not impede clinical health and production performance of *** full stomach weights tended to be greater for OH-c compared to OH-f whereas CON was intermediate(P=0.083).Supplementing OH significantly increased ileal villus height and caecal dry matter concentration(P<0.05).For the colon,OH increased its length,contents weight,short-chain fatty acid concentration and reduced total bacterial count as well asγ-proteobacteria count and proportion(P<0.05).The OH-c treatment specifically increased full gastrointestinal tract weight and caecum contents weight compared to piglets fed CON and ***,OH-c reduced colonic crypt depth when compared to OH-f(P=0.018).In conclusion,supplementing OH to a diet for suckling piglets exerted subtle developmental effects on gastrointestinal morphology and colonic microbial *** effects were largely independent from the particle size of the OH.

关键词： Oat hull Insoluble fibre Gastrointestinal development Suckling piglet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第38期18卷 5397-5403页

作者： Sietze T van Turenhout leo GM van Rossum Frank A Oort Robert JF Laheij Anne F van Rijn Jochim S Terhaar sive Droste Paul Fockens René WM van der Hulst Anneke A Bouman Jan BMJ Jansen Gerrit A Meijer Evelien Dekker Chris JJ Mulder Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology VU University Medical Center1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and HTA Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Medical Center1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kennemer Gasthuis 2035 RC Haarlem The Netherlands Clinical Chemistry VU University Medical Center 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Pathology VU University Medical Center 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Medical Center 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology VU University Medical Center 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands

AIM: To improve the interpretation of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) results in colorectal cancer (CRC) cases from screening and referral cohorts. METHODS: In this comparative observational study, two prospective cohorts of CRC cases were compared. The first cohort was obtained from 10 322 average risk subjects invited for CRC screening with FIT, of which, only subjects with a positive FIT were referred for colonoscopy. The second cohort was obtained from 3637 subjects scheduled for elective colonoscopy with a positive FIT result. The same FIT and positivity threshold (OC sensor; ≥ 50 ng/mL) was used in both cohorts. Colonoscopy was performed in all referral subjects and in FIT positive screening subjects. All CRC cases were selected from both cohorts. Outcome measurements were mean FIT results and FIT scores per tissue tumor stage (T stage). RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen patients with CRC were included in the present study: 28 cases obtained from the screening cohort (64% male; mean age 65 years, SD 6.5) and 90 cases obtained from the referral cohort (58% male; mean age 69 years, SD 9.8). The mean FIT results found were higher in the referral cohort (829 ± 302 ng/mLvs 613 ± 368 ng/mL,P = 0.02). Tissue tumor stage (T stage) distribution was dif-ferent between both populations [screening population: 13 (46%) T1, eight (29%) T2, six (21%) T3, one (4%) T4 carcinoma; referral population: 12 (13%) T1, 22 (24%) T2, 52 (58%) T3, four (4%) T4 carcinoma], and higher T stage was significantly associated with higher FIT results (P < 0.001). Per tumor stage, no significant difference in mean FIT results was observed (screening vs referral: T1 498 ± 382 ng/mL vs 725 ± 374 ng/mL, P = 0.22; T2 787 ± 303 ng/mL vs 794 ± 341 ng/mL, P = 0.79; T3 563 ± 368 ng/mLvs 870 ± 258 ng/mL,P = 0.13; T4 not available). After correction for T stage in logistic regression analysis, no significant differences in mean FIT results were observed between both types of cohorts (P = 0.10). CONCLUSION

关键词： Screening population Referral cohort Fecal immunochemical test Tumor stage distribution Colorectal cancer

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ESTUARINE AND COASTAL SEDIMENTATION PROBLEMS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2005年第1期20卷 39-51页

作者： leo C. van RIJN Delft Hydraulics and University of Utrecht Prof. The Netherlands

This keynote lecture addresses engineering sedimentation problems in estuarine and coastal environments and practical solutions of these problems based on the results of field measurements, laboratory scale models and numerical models. The three most basic design rules are: (1) try to understand the physical system based on available field data; perform new field measurements if the existing field data set is not sufficient (do not reduce on the budget for field measurements); (2) try to estimate the morphological effects of engineering works based on simple methods (rules of thumb, simplified models, analogy models, i.e. comparison with similar cases elsewhere); and (3) use detailed models for fine-tuning and determination of uncertainties (sensitivity study trying to find the most influencial parameters). Engineering works should be designed in such a way that side effects (sand trapping, sand starvation, downdrift erosion) are minimum. Furthermore, engineering works should be designed and constructed or built in harmony rather than in conflict with nature. This ‘building with nature’ approach requires a profound understanding of the sediment transport processes in morphological systems.

关键词： Sedimentation Sediment transport Morphological modelling

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应用流式细胞分析仪同时分析细胞表面抗原及DNA含量

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上海医学 1991年第5期14卷 253-256页

作者：唐惟瑜许福熙 L.van hove W Boogaerts 上海医科大学附属肿瘤医院 Leuven University Hospital Belgium Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems

作者在应用流式细胞分析仪用于分析 DNA 和细胞表面标记的基础上,进一步发展成同时分析 DNA 和细胞表面抗原。其法是首先将细胞用结合荧光的抗体染色,在免疫染色后,再用0.5%多聚甲醛100μl 将细胞固定5分钟,然后以碘化丙啶(Propidium io... 详细信息

作者在应用流式细胞分析仪用于分析 DNA 和细胞表面标记的基础上,进一步发展成同时分析 DNA 和细胞表面抗原。其法是首先将细胞用结合荧光的抗体染色,在免疫染色后,再用0.5%多聚甲醛100μl 将细胞固定5分钟,然后以碘化丙啶(Propidium iodide,PI)染色,避光保存。用0.5%多聚甲醛固定能很好的保存细胞表面结合韵抗体,经 DNA 分析,变异系数(CV)平均为4%(2.1%～6.3%)。在细胞表面抗原呈现的基础上可鉴别细胞的类型,同时通过细胞表面抗原与细胞周期相结合的方法进行分析。

关键词：细胞分析仪流式表面抗原

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Existing theories do not explain sex ratio variation at birth in monomorphic roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第1期2卷 10-18页

作者： Stefan Jacob VREUGDENHIL leo van BREUKELEN Sipke Egbert van WIEREN Waternet Research and DevelopmentVogelenzangThe Netherlands Resource Ecology Group Wageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture Nature and Food QualityDienst Landelijk GebiedUtrechtThe Netherlands

The phenomenon of skewed sex ratios at birth has been reported in many ungulate *** far,no consistent trend has emerged for roe deer(Capreolus capreolus),because male-biased,female-biased and equal sex ratios at birth have all been ***,both the Trivers–Willard hypothesis and the theory of local resource competition have gained *** the great number of studies carried out regarding the ecology of roe deer,too many aspects remain unclear,and contradictory results have been produced with respect to several crucial *** further research,the discussion on which theory applies will therefore remain *** put forward the argument that eventually the theories of Trivers–Willard and local resource competition can be considered as being not essentially *** all,both theories explain the observed skewed sex ratios as being due to the effect of the progeny s sex on the mother s body condition and hence her reproductive success in subsequent ***,neither theory is likely to prove to be suitable for roe deer,as several assumptions are unlikely to be *** roe deer,skewed ratios probably only have a temporal *** a matter of fact,several observations of skewed sex ratios in birds and mammals did not withstand the accumulation of further data,as sex ratios that were initially believed to be biased turned out to be equal in the long *** is likely to be the case in roe deer as *** hypothesize that roe deer,as r-strategists,will produce as many offspring as possible,regardless of sex.

关键词： roe deer sex ratio theory.

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Effective-Spring Model of Tympanic Response in Archosaurs

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2019年第1期9卷 21-50页

作者： David T. Heider J. leo van Hemmen Physik Department T35 and Department of Mathematics Technische Universit&auml t München München Germany

Whereas for smaller animals the eardrums are well-characterized as excitable membranes or drums, some animals such as several archosaurs feature, as a first approximation, a rather stiff elastic shell supported by an elastic ring. Mathematically, the theory of plates and shells is applicable but its governing equations overly complicate the modeling. Here the notion of tympanic structure is introduced as a generalization of “ordinary” tympanic membranes so as to account for sound perception as it occurs in archosaurs, such as birds and crocodilians. A mathematical model for the tympanic structure in many archosaurs called two-spring model implements this notion. The model is exactly soluble and solutions are presented in closed form and as a series expansion. Special emphasis is put onto offering an easy-to-apply model for describing experiments and performing numerical studies. The analytic treatment is supplemented by a discussion of the applicability of the two-spring model in auditory research. An elasticity-theoretic perspective of the two-spring model is given in the Appendix.

关键词： Two-Piece Eardrum Eardrum Vibrations Shell Elasticity Archosaurs

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创新发展集群:提升城市竞争力的分析框架

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南京社会科学 2010年第9期 6-13页

作者： leo van Den Berg Erik Braun Willem van Winden 郑琼洁鹿特丹伊拉斯谟大学比较城市研究所南京市社科院

本文分析和比较了增长集群不同种类的发展,从集群角度看,重点放在本地的互动和创新方面,并且证明是有益的,因为越来越多的经济活动跨越了传统经济部门和创新的范围。为了能够分析和比较不同集群的不同类别,本文构建了一个提升城市竞争... 详细信息

本文分析和比较了增长集群不同种类的发展,从集群角度看,重点放在本地的互动和创新方面,并且证明是有益的,因为越来越多的经济活动跨越了传统经济部门和创新的范围。为了能够分析和比较不同集群的不同类别,本文构建了一个提升城市竞争力的分析框架,从空间经济条件、集群的特定条件及集群的组织能力三大要素出发,在城市范围内对集群进行深入分析,同时详细阐述了三大要素在集群发展中的作用。

关键词：发展集群互动创新

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In vitro 3D phenotypic drug screen identifies celastrol as an effective in vivo inhibitor of polycystic kidney disease

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第8期12卷 644-653页

作者： Tijmen H.Booij Wouter N.leonhard Hester Bange Kuan Yan Michiel Fokkelman Anna J.Plugge Kimberley A.M.Veraar Johannes G.Dauwerse Gerard J.P.van Westen Bob van de Water leo S.Price Dorien j.M.Peters Division of Toxicology Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research(LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands Present address:NEXUS Personalized Health Technologies ETH ZurichSwitzerland Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Center(LUMC)LeidenThe Netherlands OcellO B.V. LeidenThe Netherlands Division of Medicinal Chemistry Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research(LACDR)LeidenThe Netherlands

Polycystic kidney disease(PKD)is a prevalent genetic disorder,characterized by the formation of kidney cysts that progressively lead to kidney *** currently available drug tolvaptan is not well tolerated by all patients and there remains a strong need for alternative *** signalling rewiring in PKD that drives cyst formation is highly complex and not fully *** a consequence,the effects of drugs are sometimes difficult to *** previously established a high-throughput microscopy phenotypic screening method for quantitative assessment of renal cyst ***,we applied this 3D cyst growth phenotypic assay and screened 2320 small drug-like molecules,including approved *** identified 81 active molecules that inhibit cyst ***-parametric phenotypic profiling of the effects on 3D cultured cysts discriminated molecules that showed preferred pharmacological effects above genuine toxicological ***,a triterpenoid from Tripterygium wilfordii,was identified as a potent inhibitor of cyst growth in *** an in vivo iKspCre-Pkd1^lox,lox mouse model for PKD,celastrol inhibited the growth of renal cysts and maintained kidney function.

关键词： PKD celastrol pyrvinium pamoate high-content screening 3D

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Application of engineered compressible inclusions to mitigating soilstructure interaction issues in integral bridge abutments

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第8期15卷 2132-2146页

作者： Lila Dhar Sigdel Minghao Lu Ahmed Al-qarawi Chin Jian leo Samanthika Liyanapathirana Pan Hu School of Engineering Design and Built EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityKingswoodNSW2747Australia Higher College of Technology Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

The thermally induced cyclic loading on integral bridge abutments causes soil deformation and lateral stress ratcheting behind the abutment wall due to the expansion and contraction of the bridge *** forward and backward movements of the abutment in response to the expansion/contraction of the bridge deck lead to the formation of settlement trough and surface heaving,frequently creating a bump at the bridge approach and increasing the lateral earth pressure behind the *** to reduce the bump at the bridge approach,including several treatment methods,such as compaction of selected backfill materials,grout injection,installation of approach slab,and using a layer of compressible inclusion material behind the abutment were ***,these guidelines still lack sufficient design details and there are limited experimental findings to validate design *** this paper,the use of engineered compressible materials to alleviate the lateral earth pressure ratcheting and settlement at the bridge approach is *** comparative study is presented for the soil-inclusion,material-structure and soil-structure interactions for an integral bridge under three different backfill conditions,i.e.(a)sand,(b)sand and EPS geofoam,and(c)sand and Infinergy®.The study was conducted in a special large-scale test chamber with a semi-scale abutment to gain better insights into the soil-structure interaction(SSI).The kinematics and rearrangement of the soil during the cyclic loading have been investigated to identify the mitigating effects of compressible *** comparative study indicates that both compressible inclusions perform comparatively well,however,Infinergy®is a better alternative than the medium-density EPS geofoam,as it works more effectively to reduce the backfill settlement and heaving as well as soil ratcheting effects under cyclic translational movement.

关键词： Integral bridge Cyclic loading Stress ratcheting Settlement bump Earth pressure distribution Soil-structure interaction(SSI)

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数字化转型与创新管理-VeriSM揭秘与应用

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2020年

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