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Visual ＂playback＂ of colorful signals in the field supports sensory drive for signal detectability

Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 493-498页

作者： Alex R. GUNDERSON leo j. fleishman Manuel LEAL Department of Integrative Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Biology Union College Schenectady NY 12308 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri 105 Tucker Hall Columbia MO 65211 USA

Colorful visual signals are important systems for investigating the effects of signaling environ ments and receiver physiology on signal evolution as predicted by the sensory drive hypothesis. Support for the sensory drive hypothesis on color signal evolution is mostly based on document ing correlations between the properties of signals and habitat conditions under which the signals are given （i.e., a correlational approach） and less commonly on the use of mathematical models that integrate representations of visual environments, signal properties, and sensory systems （i.e., a functional approach）. Here, we used an experimental approach in the field to evaluate signal efficacy of colorful lizard throat fans called dewlaps that show geographic variation in the lizard Anolis cristatellus. We used a remote controlled apparatus to display ＂fake dewlaps＂ to wild lizards to test for adaptive divergence in dewlap brightness （i.e., perceived intensity） among populations in situ. We found evidence of local adaptation in dewlap brightness consistent with the sensory drive hypothesis. Specifically, dewlaps that had the brightness characteristics of local lizards were more likely to be detected than those with the brightness characteristics of nonlocal lizards. Our findings indicate that simplified mathematical representations of visual environments may allow robust estimates of relative detectability or conspicuousness in natural habitats. We have shown the feasibility of evaluating color signal efficacy experimentally under natural conditions and dem onstrate the potential advantages of presenting isolated components of signals to an intended re ceiver to measure their contribution to signal function.

关键词： Anolis color signal sensory drive signal evolution

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Nonlinear analysis of pile load-settlement behavior in layered soil

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j.urnal of Central South University 2015年第9期22卷 3615-3623页

作者：吕述晖王奎华张鹏 C.j.leo Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of Ministry of Education (Zhej.ang University) CCCC Fourth Harbon Engineering Institute Co. Ltd. School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics University of Western Sydney Locked Bag 1797 Penrith Sydney NSW 2751 Australia

A simplified approach is presented to analyze the single pile settlement in multilayered soil. First, a fictitious soil-pile model is employed to consider the effect of layered soil beneath pile toe on pile settlement behavior. Two approximation methods are proposed to simplify the nonlinear load transfer function and simulate the nonlinear compression of fictitious soil-pile, respectively. On this basis, an efficient program is developed. The procedures for determining the main parameters of mathematical model are discussed. Comparisons with two well-documented field experimental pile loading tests are conducted to verify the rationality of the present method. Further studies are also made to evaluate the practicability of the proposed approach when a soft substratum exists, and the results suggest that the proposed method can provide a constructive means for assessing the settlement of a single pile for use in engineering design.

关键词： pile load-settlement behavior fictitious soil-pile layered soil soft substratum sediment

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Longitudinal vibration of pile in layered soil based on Rayleigh-Love rod theory and fictitious soil-pile model

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j.urnal of Central South University 2015年第5期22卷 1909-1918页

作者：吕述晖王奎华吴文兵 C.j.leo Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of Ministry of Education(Zhej.ang University) Engineering Faculty China University of Geosciences School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics University of Western SydneyLocked Bag 1797 Penrith Sydney NSW 2751 Australia

The dynamic response of pile in layered soil is theoretically investigated when considering the transverse inertia ***, the fictitious soil-pile model is employed to simulate the dynamic interaction between the pile and the soil layers beneath pile toe. The dynamic interactions of adj.cent soil layers along the vertical direction are simplified as distributed Voigt ***, the pile and fictitious soil-pile are assumed to be viscoelastic Rayleigh-Love rods, and both the radial and vertical displacement continuity conditions at the soil-pile interface are taken into consideration. On this basis, the analytical solution for dynamic response at the pile head is derived in the frequency domain and the corresponding quasi-analytical solution in the time domain is then obtained by means of the convolution theorem. Following this, the accuracy and parameter value of the hypothetical boundaries for soil-layer interfaces are discussed. Comparisons with published solution and measured data are carried out to verify the rationality of the present solution. Parametric analyses are further conducted by using the present solution to investigate the relationships between the transverse inertia effects and soil-pile parameters.

关键词： viscoelastic pile layered soil longitudinal vibration fictitious soil-pile transverse inertia effect

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A Brief History of Early Sino—American Relations 1784—1844

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解放军外国语学院学报 1993年第4期16卷 94-103页

作者： leo j.Mahoney WestarkCommunity College

On February 23,1993,the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party,j.angZemin,granted an interview in Beij.ng to *** ＆World Report’s editor,*** to a relation of their conversation in the March 10,1993,issueof China Daily,Secretary j.ang made a number of important statements about China’scurrent policy towards the United *** remarks were obviously based on

关键词：上工工厂山地油灯山口孤儿扣动沙化班规上注

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Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steels immersed in stimulated emulsions using a real petroleum sample

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： L.M.Quej.Ake j.L.Alamilla A.Contreras Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal corrosion process on X52 and X80 steels/real petroleum interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon plus oilfield-produced water,which were subj.cted to stimulated emulsions using 50/50 vol ratio mixtures at 45℃,different hydrodynamic conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to simulate and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the monitoring of the polarization curves indicated that X80 steel/oilfield-produced water interfaces were more susceptible to corrosion than X52 steel exposed to oilfield-produced *** combined speed rotation of 600 rpm using a magnetic stirrer+600 rpm using a rotating disk electrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stimulated emulsions made of hydrocarbon+oilfield-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel(0.34 mm/year and 0.43 mm/year,respectively),promoting the formation of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended mainly on the physicochemical properties of the hydrocarbon,oilfield-produced water,exposure times,and hydrodynamic systems in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion Emulsions X52 steel X80 steel

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Living electronics

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1205-1213页

作者： Yixin Zhang leo(Huan-Hsuan)Hsu Xiaocheng j.ang Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA

Living electronics that converges the unique functioning modality of biological and electrical circuits has the potential to transform both fundamental biophysical/biochemical inquiries and translational biomedical/engineering *** article will review recent progress in overcoming the intrinsic physiochemical and signaling mismatches at biological/electronic interfaces,with specific focus on strategic approaches in forging the functional synergy through:(1)biohybrid electronics,where genetically encoded bio-machineries are hybridized with electronic transducers to facilitate the translation/interpretation of biologically derived signals;and(2)biosynthetic electronics,where biogenic electron pathways are designed and programmed to bridge the gap between internal biological and external electrical *** efforts are reconstructing the way that artificial electronics communicate with living systems,and opening up new possibilities for many cross-disciplinary applications in biosynthesis,sensing,energy transduction,and hybrid information processing.

关键词： bioelectronics signaling biohybrid synthetic biology extracellular electron transfer electrochemically active bacteria

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Anatomically realistic multiscale models of normal and abnormal gastrointestinal electrical activity

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1378-1383页

作者： leo K Cheng Rie Komuro Travis M Austin Martin L Buist Andrew j.Pullan Bioengineering Institute The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Division of Bioengineering National University of SingaporeSingapore Bioengineering Institute The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New ZealandDepartment of Engineering Science The University of Auckland

One of the maj.r aims of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Physiome Proj.ct is to develop multiscale mathematical and computer models that can be used to help understand human health. We present here a small facet of this broad plan that applies to the gastrointestinal system. Specifically, we present an anatomically and physiologically based modelling framework that is capable of simulating normal and pathological electrical activity within the stomach and small intestine. The continuum models used within this framework have been created using anatomical information derived from common medical imaging modalities and data from the Visible Human Proj.ct. These models explicitly incorporate the various smooth muscle layers and networks of interstitial cells of Caj.l (ICC) that are known to exist within the walls of the stomach and small bowel. Electrical activity within individual ICCs and smooth muscle cells is simulated using a previously published simplified representation of the cell level electrical activity. This simulated cell level activity is incorporated into a bidomain representation of the tissue, allowing electrical activity of the entire stomach or intestine to be simulated in the anatomically derived models. This electrical modelling framework successfully replicates many of the qualitative features of the slow wave activity within the stomach and intestine and has also been used to investigate activity associated with functional uncoupling of the stomach.

关键词： Model Bidomain Simulation Interstitial cells of Caj.l Physiome GIOIE

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Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

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Military Medical Research 2023年第1期10卷 139-140页

作者： j.shua Levine leo Sher Veterans’Administration New York Harbor Healthcare System BrooklynNY 11209USA j.mes j.Peters Veterans’Administration Medical Center BronxNY 10468USA

Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant *** VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (... 详细信息

关键词： Suicide Depression Public health Lethal means Military veterans

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Novel Coronaviruses and Astroviruses in Bats

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第2期24卷 100-104页

作者： Daniel K. W. Chu j. S. Malik Peiris leo L. M. Poon State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong Kong

Zoonotic transmissions of emerging pathogens from wildlife to human have shaped the history of mankind. These events have also highlighted our poor understanding of microorganisms circulated in wild animals. Coronaviruses and astroviruses,which can be found from a wide range of mammals,were recently detected in bats. Strikingly,these bat viruses are genetically highly diverse and these interesting findings might help to better understand the evolution and ecology of these viruses. The discoveries of these novel bats viruses not only suggested that bats are important hosts for these virus families,but also reiterated the role of bats as a reservoir of viruses that might pose a zoonotic threat to human health.

关键词： Coronavirus Astroviruses Emerging pathogens

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Factors influencing time course of pain after depot oil intramuscular inj.ction of testosterone undecanoate

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 227-233页

作者： Gideon Sartorius Carolyn Fennell Sasa Spasevska leo Turner Ann j. Conway David j. Handelsman Andrology Department Concord Hospital ＆ ANZA C Research Institute Sydney NSW 2139 Australia

Pain following depot intramuscular （IM） inj.ction of oil vehicle-based drugs has been little studied. This study aimed to determine prospectively the prevalence,determinants,severity and functional consequences of pain during the week after IM inj.ction of 1 000 mg testosterone undecanoate （TU） in a 4-mL castor oil vehicle. Androgendeficient men receiving regular T replacement therapy at an academic andrology clinic were recruited to report pain scores using a coloured visual linear analogue scale at seven times over the first day and daily for a week after a deep IM gluteal inj.ction. The time course and covariables influencing pain scores were analysed by mixed model analysis of variance （ANOVA）. Following 168 inj.ctions in 125 men,pain was reported by 80% of men,peaking immediately after inj.ction,reaching only moderate severity,lasting 1-2 days and returning to baseline by day *** pain required little analgesic use and produced minimal interference in daily activities. The time course of pain scores was reproducible in the 43 men who underwent two consecutive inj.ctions. Pain was more severe in men who had an earlier painful inj.ction,but less severe in older and more obese men. There were negligible differences in post-inj.ction pain experience between experienced nurses administering inj.ctions. Deep IM gluteal inj.ction of depot TU in 4-mL castor oil is well tolerated and post-inj.ction pain is influenced by earlier painful inj.ction experience,as well as age and obesity.

关键词： ageing intramuscular inj.ction obesity pain testosterone

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