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The potential impact of a“curative intervention”for HIV:a modelling study

Global Health Research and Policy 2019年第1期4卷 236-243页

作者： leo beacroft Timothy B.Hallett MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologyImperial College LondonLondonUK

Abstract Background:Efforts to develop an HIV“cure”(i.e.,an intervention leading to durable ART-free remission or eradication of HIV infection)have become better resourced and coordinated in recent ***,however,the availability of other interventions for prevention and treatment of HIV disease,it is unclear whether,to what extent,and under which circumstances a curative intervention would have an impact in ending the AIDS epidemic and which characteristics of its implementation would be most *** designed a range of analyses to investigate these ***:We used a deterministic,compartmental model of HIV infection in South Africa to estimate the impact of a curative *** first examined how its impact would be affected by the state of the epidemic at the time that it is introduced,by the timing and pace of scale-up,and by various targeting *** then investigated the impact of a curative intervention relative to its ability to maintain viral ***:To the extent that other interventions have failed to control the epidemic,i.e.,if incidence and AIDS deaths remain high,a curative intervention would result in a larger reduction in *** and faster scale-up allows for greater *** also found that a curative intervention would more efficiently reduce transmission if it is prioritised to those not able to obtain or remain on ART and to those aged 15-25 rather than older *** the other hand,an intervention that does not maintain viral suppression if the individual is exposed to re-infection could lead to an increase in HIV ***:Our findings suggest that a curative intervention for HIV would have the greatest impact if the epidemic is not under control by 2030,particularly if the intervention is targeted to those who are more likely to transmit virus,and if it maintained durable viral suppression,even upon exposure to *** considerations underscore the need to carefu

关键词： HIV epidemiology Cure Mathematical modelling HIV prevention strategies

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Correction to:The potential impact of a“curative intervention”for HIV:a modelling study

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Global Health Research and Policy 2020年第1期5卷 90-91页

作者： leo beacroft Timothy B.Hallett Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial College LondonMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease AnalysisLondonUK

Correction to:Glob Health Res Policy 4,18(2019)https://***/10.1186/s41256-019-0107-1 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors identified an error in *** correct figure is given *** the result,some of the main text needs to be adjusted:Paragraph 1 of“The properties of the cure”An analysis examining the influence of alternative assumptions about the risk of re-infection following a curative intervention is shown in Fig.

关键词： curative modelling figure

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Metcalfe＇s Law and Network Quality： An Extension of Zhang et al.

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第1期31卷 117-123页

作者： leo Van Hove Department of Applied Economics (APEC) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University of Brussels) Brussels 1050 Belgium

Zhang et al. exploited data on Facebook and Tencent to validate Metcalfe＇s law, which states that the aggregate value of a communications network is proportional to the square of the number of users. This note points out that the value of a social network may be driven not only by its size, but also by increases in the variety and quality of the services offered. I therefore extend Zhang et al.＇s approach by explicitly controlling for changes in network quality over time. For the case of Tencent, I also filter out revenues and costs that are unrelated to Tencent＇s core （social network） services. I find that these two extensions only strengthen Zhang et al.＇s conclusions： Metcalfe＇s law now outperforms the other laws even more clearlv.

关键词： Metcalfe's law network value Facebook Tencent quality cost of revenue

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INTERACTION OF SIMILARLY CHARGED SURFACES MEDIATED BY NANOPARTICLES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第4期29卷 414-420页

作者： Klemen Bohinc leo Lue Faculty of Health Sciences University of LjubljanaSI-1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of StrathclydeJames Weir Building75 Montrose StreetGlasgow G1 1XJUK

We study the interaction between two like charged surfaces embedded in a solution of oppositely charged multivalent rod-like counterions. The counterions consist of two rigidly bonded point charges, each of valency Z. The strength of the electrostatic coupling increases with increasing surface charge density or valency of the charges. The system is analyzed by employing a self-consistent field theory, which treats the short and long range interactions of the counterions within different approximations. We find that in the weak coupling limit, the interactions are only repulsive. In the intermediate coupling regime, the multivalent rod-like counterions can mediate attractive interactions between the surfaces. For sufficiently long rods, bridging contributes to the attractive interaction. In the strong coupling limit, the charge correlations can contribute to the attractive interactions at short separations between the charged surfaces. Two minima can then appear in the force curve between surfaces.

关键词： Electrostatics Nanoparticle interactions Theory.

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Comparison of undrained behaviors of granular media using fluidcoupled discrete element method and constant volume method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 1272-1289页

作者： Wei Zhang leo Rothenburg Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooN2L 3G1Canada

The fluid-coupled discrete element method(DEM)and the constant volume method as two types of discrete modeling methods for fundamental study of undrained responses of granular materials,have been discussed by many *** fluid-coupled DEM,which couples the motions of discrete particles with pore fluid movements,is theoretically robust although it requires a large amount of computation *** a substitution for the complex fluid-coupled DEM,the constant volume method simulates an undrained condition for a saturated granular material by simply preserving the total volume of a granular assembly without considering interactions between fluids and particles;hence,the validity of its results is *** this paper,the undrained behaviors of granular assemblies simulated using the aforementioned two methods are *** on a comparison of both macroscopic and microscopic responses given by the two methods,it is demonstrated that the constant volume method may reasonably simulate the responses of a loose saturated granular material with very coarse grains,which has a high permeability,and thus a rapid pore pressure ***,it is ineffective in simulating the responses of a loose material with fine components due to its failure to capture the process of a slow dissipation of the excess pore pressure among the individual *** regard to the dense material adopted,similar behaviors at the early and intermediate shearing stages given by the two methods are displayed.

关键词： Micromechanics Constant volume method Fluid-coupled discrete element method (DEM) Undrained behavior

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Fouling evaluation on membrane distillation used for reducing solvent in polyphenol rich propolis extract

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第3期26卷 477-483页

作者： Norhaziyana Hamzah Choe Peng leo School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Membrane distillation(MD) has not been widely studied in the concentrate of phenolic rich solution in comparison to osmotic distillation. In this work, the potential of MD to reduce solvent in the polyphenol rich propolis extract was further investigated. Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) membranes were engineered with the smaller pore size for the less hydrophobic surface in order to avoid wetting, allowing only the solvent vapor to be transferred from the warm feed into the cold permeate. All the membranes exhibited more than 95% rejection of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Although the hydrophilic membranes exhibited less fouling, they displayed a lower flux than the hydrophobic membrane due to the hindrance in the wetted pores. The hydrophobic membrane was seriously fouled by the phenolic acid as shown in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum. Pore plugging occurred on these hydrophobic membranes as confirmed in the scanning electron microscope images.

关键词： Membrane distillation Propolis Fouling

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Convergence of Impact Measures and Impact Bundles

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2022年第3期7卷 5-19页

作者： leo Egghe Hasselt University Campus DiepenbeekDiepenbeek 3590Belgium

Purpose:A new point of view in the study of impact is ***/methodology/approach:Using fundamental theorems in real analysis we study the convergence of well-known impact ***:We show that pointwise convergence is maintained by all well-known impact bundles(such as the h-,g-,and R-bundle)and that theμ-bundle even maintains uniform *** on these results,a classification of impact bundles is *** limitations:As for all impact studies,it is just impossible to study all measures in *** implications:It is proposed to include convergence properties in the study of impact ***/value:This article is the first to present a bundle classification based on convergence properties of impact bundles.

关键词： Pointwise and uniform convergence of impact measures and bundles Second Dini theorem Arzelà’s theorem Bundle classification Generalized h-and g-indices percentiles

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Extended Lorenz majorization and frequencies of distances in an undirected network

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： leo Egghe Hasselt University Diepenbeek 3590Belgium

Purpose:To contribute to the study of networks and ***/methodology/approach:We apply standard mathematical ***:We show that the distance distribution in an undirected network Lorenz majorizes the one of a *** a consequence,the average and median distances in any such network are smaller than or equal to those of a *** limitations:We restricted our investigations to undirected,unweighted *** implications:We are convinced that these results are useful in the study of small worlds and the so-called six degrees of separation ***/value:To the best of our knowledge our research contains new network results,especially those related to frequencies of distances.

关键词： majorization Lorenz curves networks shortest path distance graphs

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Electrochemical valorization of lignin:Status,challenges,and prospects

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Jian Luo Tianbiao leo Liu The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State UniversityLogan 84322United States

As the second most abundant component of lignocellulosic biomass and the largest source of renewable aromatic compounds,lignin shows great potential to replace finite,non-renewable fossil oils and becomes a renewable feedstock for the production of fuel and aromatic ***,it is highly important to develop efficient methods to convert lignin into biofuels and valuable *** approaches are considered to be scalable,oxidant/reductant free,easy to control,and can be conducted under mild *** review firstly overviews the structure and deconstruction methods of *** then,different electrochemical lignin conversion approaches,including mediated electrooxidation,electroenzymatic oxidation,photo-electrochemical oxidation,and direct electrooxidation,are discussed in *** application of lignin-derived monomeric compounds is also briefly ***,the advantages and challenges of different electrochemical lignin upgrading approaches are summarized;meanwhile,suggestions are made for future research on lignin biomass valorization.

关键词： Biomass Lignin Renewable Electrochemical valorization

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Community Detection with the Weighted Parsimony Criterion

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2015年第3期28卷 517-545页

作者： BETTINELLI Andrea HANSEN Pierre LIBERTI leo Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Energia Elettrica e Dell’Informazione Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 2 40136 Bologna Italy Groupe d’études et de Recherche en Analyse des Décisions Hautes tudes Commerciales Montréal Canada LIX cole Polytechnique F-91128 Palaiseau France CNRS LIX Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau France

Community detection in networks has been studied extensively in the last decade. Many criteria, expressing the quality of the partitions obtained, as well as a few exact algorithms and a large number of heuristics have been proposed. The parsimony criterion consists in minimizing the number of edges added or removed from the given network in order to transform it into a set of disjoint *** Zhang, Qiu and Zhang have proposed a weighted parsimony model in which a weight coefficient is introduced to balance the numbers of inserted and deleted edges. These authors propose rules to select a good value of the coefficient, use simulated annealing to find optimal or near-optimal solutions and solve a series of real and artificial instances. In the present paper, an algorithm is proposed for solving exactly the weighted parsimony problem for all values of the parameter. This algorithm is based on iteratively solving the problem for a set of given values of the parameter using a row generation algorithm. This procedure is combined with a search procedure to find all lowest breakpoints of the value curve(i.e., the weighted sum of inserted and deleted edges). Computational results on a series of artificial and real world networks from the literature are reported. It appears that several partitions for the same network may be informative and that the set of solutions usually contains at least one intuitively appealing partition.

关键词： Community detection complex networks parsimony.

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