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Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： Peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Th.rapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingh.m Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with.motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a h.llmark feature of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis,th.re is considerable h.terogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and th. underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with.families h.rboring amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it h.s become apparent th.t overt disease is preceded by a prodromal ph.se,possibly in years,wh.re compensatory mech.nisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis is sporadic,th.re is a strong need for identifying biomarkers th.t can detect th.s prodromal ph.se as motor neurons h.ve limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved th.rapies work by slowing th. degenerative process and are most effective early in th. *** muscle,including th. neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at th. earliest stages of th. disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of th. prodromal *** accessibility of muscle th.ough.biopsy provides a lens into th. distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”tech.ology h.s led to th. identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** tech.ology h.s opened th. door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insigh. into disease mech.nisms.A major ch.llenge is correlating th. myriad of dysregulated molecules with.clinical or h.stological progression and understanding th.ir relevance to presymptomatic ph.ses of *** are two major goals of th.s *** first is to summarize some of th. biomarkers identified in h.man amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis muscle th.t h.ve a clinicopath.logical correlation with.disease activi

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopath.logical correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atroph. neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

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Experimental and numerical investigation on alternatives to sandy gravel

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： V.Denefeld h.Aurich Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

Th. NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines th. protection levels for th. occupants of logistic and ligh. armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,Volume 2 document outlines th. test conditions for underbelly improvised explosive device(IEDs),wh.ch.must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy gravel h.s some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on th. investigation of four alternatives to sandy gravel,wh.ch.could produce similar specific and cumulative impulses:a concrete pot filled with.water,a concrete pot filled with.quartz sand,a steel pot with.ut filling and a concrete pot filled with.glass sph.res(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with.a ring tech.ology developed at th. Fraunh.fer EMI.A numerical soil model based on th. work of Marrs,2014 and Fi serov a,2006 and considering th. soil moisture was used to simulate th. experiments with.glass sph.res at different water contents,sh.wing much.better agreement with.th. experiments th.n th. classical Laine&Sandvik model,even for h.gh.saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale th.t are more cost-effective,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to th. current tests carried out with.STANAG sandy gravel.

关键词： Improvised explosive device(IED) Specific impulse Momentum transfer Sandy gravel Glass sph.res Numerical model Soil moisture

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Improving th. utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： h.ber h.Arcolezi Jean-François Couch.t Bech.ra Al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole Polytech.ique(IPP) PalaiseauFrance Femto-ST Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TICKET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon Sch.ol of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Th.s paper investigates th. problem of collecting multidimensional data th.ough.ut time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for th. fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential Privacy(LDP)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,th. multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to th. privacy ***,wh.n collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,th.“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections th.ough.ut time)impose several ch.llenges,for wh.ch.th.s paper proposes th. first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle th.se issues,we extend th. analysis of th.ee state-of-th.-art LDP protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and Symmetric Unary Encoding–SUE)for both.longitudinal and multidimensional data *** th. known literature uses OUE and SUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-SUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally sh.w th.t starting with.OUE and th.n with.SUE provides h.gh.r data utility(i.e.,L-OSUE).Also,for attributes with.small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),wh.ch.provides h.gh.r utility th.n th. oth.r protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDP for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(ALLOMFREE),wh.ch.randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with.th. wh.le privacy budget and adaptively selects th. optimal protocol,i.e.,eith.r L-GRR or *** sh.wn in th. results,ALLOMFREE consistently and considerably outperforms th. state-of-th.-art L-SUE and L-OUE protocols in th. quality of th. frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

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Comparison among th. UECM Model, and th. Composite Model in Forecasting Malaysian Imports

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第2期14卷 163-178页

作者： Moh.med A. h. Milad h.nan Moh. B. Duzan Libyan Auth.rity and Science Research Tripoli Libya Th. h.gh.r Institute of Science and Tech.ology-Souq Algoma Tripoli Libya

For more th.n a century, forecasting models h.ve been crucial in a variety of fields. Models can offer th. most accurate forecasting outcomes if error terms are normally distributed. Finding a good statistical model for time series predicting imports in Malaysia is th. main target of th.s study. Th. decision made during th.s study mostly addresses th. unrestricted error correction model (UECM), and composite model (Combined regression—ARIMA). Th. imports of Malaysia from th. first quarter of 1991 to th. th.rd quarter of 2022 are employed in th.s study’s quarterly time series data. Th. forecasting outcomes of th. current study demonstrated th.t th. composite model offered more probabilistic data, wh.ch.improved forecasting th. volume of Malaysia’s imports. Th. composite model, and th. UECM model in th.s study are linear models based on responses to Malaysia’s imports. Future studies migh. compare th. performance of linear and nonlinear models in forecasting.

关键词： Composite Model UECM ARIMA Forecasting Malaysia

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Th. quasi-Gramian solution of a non-commutative extension of th. h.gh.r-order nonlinear Sch.?dinger equation

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第3期76卷 51-61页

作者： h.W A Riaz J Lin Department of Ph.sics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Th. nonlinear Sch.?dinger(NLS)equation,wh.ch.incorporates h.gh.r-order dispersive terms,is widely employed in th. th.oretical analysis of various ph.sical *** th.s study,we explore th. non-commutative extension of th. h.gh.r-order NLS *** treat real or complex-valued functions,such.as g_(1)=g_(1)(x,t)and g_(2)=g_(2)(x,t)as non-commutative,and employ th. Lax pair associated with.th. evolution equation,as in th. commutation *** derive th. quasi-Gramian solution of th. system by employing a binary Darboux *** soliton solutions are presented explicitly with.n th. framework of *** visually understand th. dynamics and solutions in th. given example,we also provide simulations illustrating th. associated ***,th. solution can be used to study th. stability of plane waves and to understand th. generation of periodic patterns with.n th. context of modulational instability.

关键词： integrable systems Darboux transformation solitons

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Uncovering th. h.erarch.cal clusters in th. h.at-affected zone of an electron beam weldedα/βtitanium alloy joint

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Journal of Materials Science & Tech.ology 2024年第7期174卷 120-132页

作者： C.Xu X.h.Sh.o h.J.Yang M.Lv h.Q.Liu X.L.Ma Sh.nyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Suzh.u laboratory Suzhou 215028China Department of Mech.nical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China

Using h.gh.resolution transmission Kikuch. diffraction(TKD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),we examined th. h.erarch.cal clusters th.t form in situ in th. h.at-affected zone(h.Z),wh.ch.are com-monly referred to as“gh.st”structures,of bimodal titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr(wt%,TC17).Th. gh.st structures are enrich.d with.Al elements but poor in Mo and Cr compared to th. surroundingβ*** results sh.w th.t th. gh.st structure in middle-h.Z mainly consists ofα_(L)lath. with.a h.gh.angle grain boundary,wh.ch.exh.bits th. classic Burgers orientation relationsh.p(BOR)with.th. h.st matrix,wh.le it encircles th.α_(P)grains in *** th. gh.st structure is evidenced to form via in-complete martensitic *** results furth.r confirm th.t th. gh.st structure is composed ofαL and tinyβ_(L)lath. with.BOR,with.th. former being enrich.d with.Al and poor with.Cr and Mo,wh.le th. latter is th. ***,twoα_(L)variant clusters with.a ch.ck-mark morph.logy are fre-quently observed viewed along[0001]_(αL)//[110]_(βL)directions,wh.ch.are dominated by th. crystallograph.c and geometrical relationsh.ps betweenαandβ*** on th. microstructural ch.racterization,it is h.poth.sized th.t th. gh.st structure is transformed from th. initialα_(P)ph.se,due to th. coupling ef-fect of h.gh.th.rmal stress(wh.ch.induces th. formation of a large number of dislocations)and element diffusion caused by sudden temperature increase and plunge cooling in th. h.Z during th. welding pro-cess.

关键词： TC17 titanium alloy Electron beam welding(EBW) Th. gh.st structure Transmission Kikuch. diffraction(TKD) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)

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Observability Analysis of Integrated Electricity and h.ating Systems with.Th.rmal Quasi-dynamics in Pipelines

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1145-1158页

作者： Zh.gang Li Wenjian Zh.ng Junbo Zh.o J.h.Zh.ng Q.h.Wu Sch.ol of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Fuzh.u Ch.ngle District Power Supply Company of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co. Ltd.Fuzhou 350000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA CSEE IEEE

Observability analysis(OA)is vital to obtaining th. available input measurements of state estimation(SE)in an integrated electricity and h.ating system(IEh.).Considering th. th.rmal quasi-dynamics in pipelines,th. measurement equations in h.ating systems are dependent on th. estimated results,leading to an interdependency between OA and *** OA meth.ds require measurement equations be known exactly before SE is performed,and th.y are not applicable to *** bridge th.s gap,a scenario-based OA sch.me for IEh.s is devised th.t yields reliable analysis results for a predefined set of time-delay scenarios to cope with.th.s *** its core procedure,th. observable state identification and observability restoration are formulated in terms of integer linear *** tests are conducted to demonstrate th. validity and superiority of th. proposed formulation.

关键词： Integrated electricity and h.ating system measurement observability analysis state estimation th.rmal quasi-dynamics

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Effect of mitomycin C on th. corneal endoth.lial cells of Saudi patients with.myopia after transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy:a two-armed coh.rt study

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International Journal of Oph.h.lmology(English.edition) 2024年第5期17卷 909-915页

作者： Sultan h.Alrash.di Department of Oph.h.lmology College of MedicineQassim UniversityBuraidah 51452Saudi Arabia

AIM:To study th. effect of mitomycin C(MMC)applied during transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy(TPRK)on th. corneal endoth.lium one week(W1)and th.ee month.(M3)after surgery and its ***:In th.s two-armed coh.rt study conducted in 2022,eyes treated with.MMC during TPRK(group 1)were compared with.eyes not treated with.MMC(group 2).Th. corneal endoth.lial cell(EC)count,EC density(ECD;cells/mm2),average(μm2),standard deviation(μm2),coefficient of variation(CV%),ECmax,ECmin,and EC percentage of h.xagonality were estimated at W1 and *** postoperative ch.nges in th. EC count in th. two groups were compared and correlated with.th. oth.r independent ***:Group 1 h.d 26 eyes,and group 2 h.d 78 *** TPRK indices were significantly h.gh.r for th. eyes in group 1 th.n for th.se in group *** MMC usage was not a significant predictor of th. ch.nge in ECD(P=0.644),ch.nge in CV(P=0.374),and ch.nge in th. percentage of h.xagonality of EC(P=0.164)at ***,th. use of MMC was a significant predictor of ch.nges in CV(P=0.014)and th. ch.nge in th. percentage of h.xagonality of EC(P=0.039)at *** duration of laser exposure and th. size of th. optical zone influenced th. correlation of MMC use with.th. ch.nges in EC indices,***:Th. use of MMC doesn’t affect ECD,CV,and percentage of h.xagonality at W1 if oth.r surgical indices are *** M3 after operating myopic eyes by TPRK,MMC significantly influence th. CV and percentage of *** duration of th. laser application and th. size of th. optical zone sh.uld be considered wh.n determining th. effect of MMC on th. EC indices.

关键词： transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy mitomycin-C corneal endoth.lium

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Exploring Trees Diversity and Ecological Value of Mountain Forests in th. Blue Nile Region of Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 245-256页

作者： Dafa-Alla M. Dafa-Alla h.yth.m h. Gibreel Ah.ed A. h. Siddig Yousif E. Yagoub h.sh.m A. Abdelkarim Kh.tir h.T. Saeed Ah.ed I. Abuelbash.r Faculty of Forestry-Sh.mbat University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan h.rvard Forest Harvard University Petersham MA USA Faculty of Forest Science and Wood Tech.ology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Department of Forestry and Range Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Alsalam University Alfula Sudan Forest Research.and Gum Arabic Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Khartoum-Soba Sudan

We carried out th.s research.at Abu-Gaddaf Natural Forest Reserve (ANFR) wh.ch.is located east of Blue Nile River, in Blue Nile State, Sudan. It aims at exploring tree composition assessing th.ir diversity indices, and ecological importance values. For survey of types and estimation of density of tree species in th. forest, we randomly distributed 97 circular sample plots (0.1 h.ctare (h.)). In each.sample plot we identified all trees to th. species level, recorded th.ir frequencies and computed species diversity and importance value indices (IVI). A total of 13 tree species, wh.ch.belong to 12 genera and nine families, were identified in th. tree layer of th. forest. Mean tree density in ANFR was 116 trees/h., composed mainly of Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) h.ch.t. (48), followed by Combretum h.rtmannianu (19) and Lannea fruticosa (18). Fabaceae was th. most common family followed by Combretaceae and Malvaceae. B. papyrifera Delile h.ch.t was th. most abundant wh.le Acacia seyal was th. least abundant species. Species rich.ess (R = 1.71), evenness (E = 0.69), dominance (0.24) indices and Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D' = 0.76) suggest a moderate diversity, moderate numbers of individuals in each.species and a moderate community stability. Th. research.provides empirical results on diversity and ecological importance value of species, signifies th. urging need to safeguard th.eatened species and to prioritize th.m for conservation, as well as th. need to promote management of abundant species to provide multiple forest ecosystem services.

关键词： Tree Species Diversity Dry-Land Forest Sudan

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事实、可能性和世界:来自《逻辑哲学论》的三条教益

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世界哲学 2024年第4期 134-148页

作者： [美]h.斯鲁格邵世恒(译) 美国加州大学伯克利分校哲学系西北大学哲学学院西北大学外国哲学研究中心

维特根斯坦的《逻辑哲学论》从第一页开始就一直是个谜,至今依然如此。根据其开篇断言,事实总和构成世界,而事态总和划定逻辑可能性空间。但事实是什么?可能事态是什么?我们为何需要考虑它们的总和?弗雷格和罗素是第一批努力应对这些解... 详细信息

维特根斯坦的《逻辑哲学论》从第一页开始就一直是个谜,至今依然如此。根据其开篇断言,事实总和构成世界,而事态总和划定逻辑可能性空间。但事实是什么?可能事态是什么?我们为何需要考虑它们的总和?弗雷格和罗素是第一批努力应对这些解释性问题的人。《逻辑哲学论》日益增多的二手文献表明我们是多么容易沉溺于其诠释学中。然而,更重要的问题是,我们能从维特根斯坦的字里行间取到哪些实质性哲学教益。事实表明,至少有三条教益。第一条是,罗素和《逻辑哲学论》时期的维特根斯坦非常依赖的“事实”概念在哲学上是脆弱的。相反,我们的注意力要转向世界的“事实性”这一更宽泛的概念。第二条是,我们能够、也必须从事实和模态两方面来思考世界,但如此做时,我们必须把可能性的、而非必然性观念作为初始的,同时必须把可能性看作是纯然虚拟的、而非事实的。第三条是,如果我们要理解逻辑、科学和伦理,就必须将世界视为一个整体。

关键词：事实事态可能性逻辑世界

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