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Quantitative reconstruction of salinity and precipitation changes in Central Asia over the past 3200 years using diatom and pollen records of lacustrine sediment in Aibi Lake of SW Junggar Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Long Pan Guoqiang Li Xiaoyan Wang Ming Jin Xinrong He Luo Qin Zhong Wang Wenwei Zhao Chunzhu Chen Yuanlu Liu Jin Yang lele shu Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education)， College of Earth and Environmental Sciences， Lanzhou University College of Earth Sciences， Chengdu University of Technology School of Geographic Science， Nantong University Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions， Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources， Chinese Academy of Sciences

The response of lake environments in arid Central Asia to climate change during the Late Holocene over the centennial to millennial timescales remains contentious. The reason that primarily paleoenvironmental proxies interpreting diverse and the scarcity of accurate quantitative reconstruction records. In this study， we employed diatoms and pollen records from lacustrine sediment in the Aibi Lake of SW Junggar Basin to quantitatively reconstruct salinity and watershed precipitation amounts while exploring the associated forcing mechanism. The results indicate that Aibi Lake salinity varied between 2 g/L and 47 g/L during the Late Holocene period， indicating a generally brackish environment， and corresponding to prevailing Tryblionella granulata diatom in the lake basin. Westerly-dominated annual precipitation varied between 250 mm and 320 mm during the Late Holocene period in the basin， exhibiting a generally semi-arid environment and prevailing desert steppe vegetation. The Aibi Lake has a low salinity of average value of ～15 g/L. It exhibits elevated precipitation (average value of ～280 mm) during the periods of the Roman Warm Period (2900-1990 cal yr BP)， Dark Age Cold Period (1570-1140 cal yr BP)， and Little Ice Age (590-120 cal yr BP). The reconstructed precipitation and salinity exhibit a periodicity of ～200 years， which is consistent with the cycle of phase changes of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Total Solar Irradiance (TSI). This correlation suggests that variations in NOA and TSI significantly influence the precipitation and salinity changes in Central Asia over centennial to millennial timescales.

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Integrated modeling environment and a preliminary application on the Heihe River Basin, China

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 2145-2156页

作者： NAN ZhuoTong shu lele ZHAO YanBo LI Xin DING YongJian Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Environmental and water issues are essentially complex interdisciplinary problems. Multiple models from different disciplines are usually integrated to solve those problems. Integrated modeling environment is an effective technical approach to model integration. Although a number of modeling environments worldwide are available, they cannot meet current challenges faced. Their old-fashion designs and original development purposes constrain their possible applications to the domain of hydrologic or land surface modeling. One of the challenges is that we intend to link knowledge database or ontology system to the modeling environment in order to make the modeling support more intelligent and powerful. In this paper, we designed and implemented an integrated modeling environment (HIME) for hydrological and land surface modeling purpose in a much extendable, efficient and easy use manner. With such design, a physical process was implemented as a module, or component. A new model can be generated in an intuitive way by linking module icons together and establishing their relationships. Following an introduction to the overall architecture, the designs for module linkage and data transfer between modules are described in details. Using XML based meta-information, modules in either source codes or binary form can be utilized by the environment. As a demonstration, with the help of HIME, we replaced the evaporation module of TOPMODEL with the evapotranspiration module from the Noah land surface model which explicitly accounts for vegetation transpiration. This example showed the effectiveness and efficiency of the modeling environment on model integration.

关键词： modeling environment the Heihe River Basin TOPMODEL Noah LSM

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A review of integrated surface-subsurface numerical hydrological models

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1459-1479页

作者： lele shu Hao CHEN Xianhong MENG Yan CHANG Litang HU Wenke WANG Longcang shu Xuan YU Christopher DUFFY Yingying YAO Donghai ZHENG Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100038China School of Water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Hydrological modeling,leveraging mathematical formulations to represent the hydrological cycle,is a pivotal tool in representing the spatiotemporal dynamics and distribution patterns inherent in *** models serve a dual purpose:they validate theoretical robustness and applicability via observational data and project future trends,thereby bridging the understanding and prediction of natural *** rapid advancements in computational methodologies and the continuous evolution of observational and experimental techniques,the development of numerical hydrological models based on physicallybased surface-subsurface process coupling have *** in micro-scale conservation principles and physical equations,these models employ numerical techniques to integrate surface and subsurface hydrodynamics,thus replicating the macro-scale hydrological responses of *** hydrological models have emerged as a leading and predominant trend in hydrological modeling due to their explicit representation of physical processes,heightened by their spatiotemporal resolution and reliance on interdisciplinary *** article focuses on the theoretical foundation of surface-subsurface numerical hydrological *** includes a comparative and analytical discussion of leading numerical hydrological models,encompassing model architecture,numerical solution strategies,spatial representation,and coupling ***,this paper contrasts these models with traditional hydrological models,thereby delineating the relative merits,drawbacks,and future directions of numerical hydrological modeling.

关键词： Numerical Hydrological Models Surface-Subsurface Process Coupling Numerical Methods Hydrological Modeling

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Dataset of Comparative Observations for Land Surface Processes over the Semi-Arid Alpine Grassland against Alpine Lakes in the Source Region of the Yellow River

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第6期40卷 1142-1157页

作者： Xianhong MENG Shihua LYU Zhaoguo LI Yinhuan AO Lijuan WEN Lunyu SHANG Shaoying WANG Mingshan DENG Shaobo ZHANG Lin ZHAO Hao CHEN Di MA Suosuo LI lele shu Yingying AN Hanlin NIU Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Zoige Plateau Wetland Ecosystem Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Thousands of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP) play a critical role in the regional water cycle, weather, and climate. In recent years, the areas of TP lakes underwent drastic changes and have become a research hotspot. However, the characteristics of the lake-atmosphere interaction over the high-altitude lakes are still unclear, which inhibits model development and the accurate simulation of lake climate effects. The source region of the Yellow River(SRYR) has the largest outflow lake and freshwater lake on the TP and is one of the most densely distributed lakes on the TP. Since 2011,three observation sites have been set up in the Ngoring Lake basin in the SRYR to monitor the lake-atmosphere interaction and the differences among water-heat exchanges over the land and lake surfaces. This study presents an eight-year(2012–19), half-hourly, observation-based dataset related to lake–atmosphere interactions composed of three sites. The three sites represent the lake surface, the lakeside, and the land. The observations contain the basic meteorological elements,surface radiation, eddy covariance system, soil temperature, and moisture(for land). Information related to the sites and instruments, the continuity and completeness of data, and the differences among the observational results at different sites are described in this study. These data have been used in the previous study to reveal a few energy and water exchange characteristics of TP lakes and to validate and improve the lake and land surface model. The dataset is available at National Cryosphere Desert Data Center and Science Data Bank.

关键词： field observation dataset lake-atmosphere interaction energy and water exchanges the source region of the Yellow River Tibetan Plateau

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High-performance poly(aromatic pyridine) copolymers with crown ether moieties for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Qian Wang Songhao Zhao Yunpeng Guo Wei Wei lele Wang Jingshuai Yang Department of Chemistry College of Sciences Northeastern University Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study concentrates on the development of high temperature polymer electrolyte membranes（HT-PEMs）, which are essential components for HT-PEM fuel cells（HT-PEMFCs）. Although the phosphoric acid（PA）-doped polybenzimidazole（PBI） has been regarded as the successful HT-PEM, this system still suffers from several challenges, including the use of carcinogenic monomers, complex synthesis procedures, and poor solubility in organic solvents. To develop more cost-effective, readily synthesized and high-performance alternatives, this study employs a simply superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction to synthesize a series of poly（triphenyl-co-dibenzo-18-crown-6 pyridine） copolymers, denoted as P(TPx%-co-CEy%), using ptriphenyl, dibenzo-18-crown-6 and 4-acetylpyridine as monomers. The copolymerized hydrophilic and bulky crown ether unites introduce large free volumes and multiple interaction sites with PA molecules, as elucidated by theoretical *** microphase separation structures are formed as confirmed by atomic force microscope（AFM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and small-angle X-ray scattering（SAXS）. Thus P(TPx%-co-CEy%) membranes exhibit excellent PA absorption and proton conduction abilities. For example, after immersing in 85 wt% PA at 30 °C, the P(TP91%-co-CE9%) membrane achieves a PA doping content of 205% and a high conductivity of 0.138 S cm-1at 180 °C, while maintaining a tensile strength of 7.5 MPa at room temperature. Without humidification and backpressure, the peak power density of an H2-O2cell equipped with P(TP91%-co-CE9%)/205%PA reaches nearly 1200 mW cm-2, representing one of the highest performances reported for PA-doped HT-PEMs to date. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of poly（triphenyl-co-crown ether pyridine） membranes in the HT-PEMFC applications.

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shuD数值方法分布式水文模型介绍

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地球科学进展 2022年第7期37卷 680-691页

作者：舒乐乐常燕王建陈昊李照国赵林孟宪红中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 甘肃省遥感重点实验室甘肃兰州730000

水文模型是高效且经济的科学实验工具,不仅能结合观测数据验证科学理论、指导观测网络布设,而且对社会水资源管理、灾害防治以及经济决策等有不可或缺的重要价值。数值方法水文模型依据达西定律、理查兹方程和圣维南方程等水文物理公式... 详细信息

水文模型是高效且经济的科学实验工具,不仅能结合观测数据验证科学理论、指导观测网络布设,而且对社会水资源管理、灾害防治以及经济决策等有不可或缺的重要价值。数值方法水文模型依据达西定律、理查兹方程和圣维南方程等水文物理公式,充分表现水文参数空间异质性,精细化表达水文物理过程,是水文模型发展的重要方向之一。shuD模型利用有限体积法求解地表—地下耦合的流域水文过程,采用不规则三角网构成流域模拟空间,可实现空间上米—公里、时间上秒—小时的超高分辨率的数值模拟。由shuD模型、rshuD工具和全球基础地理数据组成的AutoshuD水文模拟系统,构建了数据制备—模型模拟—结果分析的标准范式,其有效性和适用性已得到验证。当前我国水文领域对于数值方法分布式水文模型的探讨、开发和应用较为薄弱,亟需更多探索;不仅需要支持新模型的研发,同时应丰富已有模型在全球不同区域的验证、推广和改进工作。

关键词：水文模型分布式数值方法 shuD模型

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Engineering N3C vacancies in hierarchical porous carbon nitride nanosheets for room temperature ultradeep photocatalytic aerobic oxidative desulfurization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yina Nie Weijie Yang Xin Wang Xiang Li lele Wei Xiaolin Bai Lin Liu Feng Fu Jun Wan College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industrial Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering Yan'an University Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University

The production of ultra-low sulfur clean fuels holds global significance for improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. Photocatalytic aerobic oxidative desulfurization（PODS） offers an attractive approach to efficiently remove refractory heterocyclic aromatic sulfur compounds under mild conditions. However, the sluggish charge dynamics,insufficient molecule activation, and slow mass transfer within photocatalysts restrict the overall desulfurization efficiency,hindering the widespread application of this technology. Herein, we developed a defective g-C3N4（M1U3CN） photocatalyst with bridged N3Cvacancies and hierarchical porous structures to address these limitations. This catalyst not only demonstrates outstanding dibenzothiophene（DBT） removal efficiency of 99.6% for model oil with high conversion and selectivity but also achieves complete sulfur removal from gasoline as well as 96.7% sulfur removal for distilled diesel at room temperature,successfully achieving ultradeep aerobic oxidative desulfurization. The introduction of rich N3Cvacancies and abundant micromeso-macroporous distribution in M1U3CN enhances kinetic efficiencies by promoting charge carrier separation, mass transfer,and molecular activation simultaneously; resulting in exceptional PODS performance. This work provides a collaborative strategy to overcome kinetic challenges in aerobic oxidative desulfurization via defect and structural engineering of the catalyst.

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WRF-Hydro大气-陆面-水文耦合模式应用研究综述

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高原气象 2024年第4期43卷 809-825页

作者：李振洁孟宪红舒乐乐赵林李照国邓明珊陈亚玲陈昊中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学与冻土工程重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 甘肃省黄河源区气候与环境野外科学观测研究站甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

在人类活动加重气候变暖的背景下,极端水文气象事件发生概率增加。数值模式作为研究水循环和极端水文事件的有效工具,已在全球范围内得到广泛应用。为深入理解气候变化背景下全球陆地水循环时空演变规律,揭示大气-陆面-水文互馈机制,大... 详细信息

在人类活动加重气候变暖的背景下,极端水文气象事件发生概率增加。数值模式作为研究水循环和极端水文事件的有效工具,已在全球范围内得到广泛应用。为深入理解气候变化背景下全球陆地水循环时空演变规律,揭示大气-陆面-水文互馈机制,大气-陆面-水文耦合过程模拟研究已成为国际大气、水文等学科研究的热点之一。本文首先回顾和梳理了大气-陆面-水文耦合模式的发展历程,阐明了大气-陆面-水文耦合模式WRF-Hydro(Weather Research and Forecasting Model Hydrological modeling system)的优势,并系统总结了WRF-Hydro模式的主要敏感性参数分析及模式在对地表径流、土壤湿度、能量水分循环以及相关大气和水文过程等方面的应用。最后探讨WRF-Hydro大气-陆面-水文耦合模式未来发展趋势,提出应着眼于发展有效的尺度转换方案、完善参数化方案以及开展流域内大气、水文变量时空分布高分辨率模拟等方面,以期系统提升耦合模式对大气、陆面过程及水文过程的刻画能力。

关键词： WRF-Hydro模式大气-陆面-水文耦合研究进展水文

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基于机器学习的土壤温度预估研究综述

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高原气象 2022年第2期41卷 268-281页

作者：谭晓晴罗斯琼舒乐乐李晓旭王景元曾礼董晴雪陈自航中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049 兰州理工大学计算机与通信学院甘肃兰州730050 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室四川成都610225

土壤温度是地球科学研究中的重要物理量。在陆-气相互作用研究中,土壤温度不仅影响土壤内部的物理、生物、化学过程,而且对陆-气之间能量和物质交换起重要作用。随着可获取的相关数据越来越丰富,机器学习方法已经被越来越多的研究人员... 详细信息

土壤温度是地球科学研究中的重要物理量。在陆-气相互作用研究中,土壤温度不仅影响土壤内部的物理、生物、化学过程,而且对陆-气之间能量和物质交换起重要作用。随着可获取的相关数据越来越丰富,机器学习方法已经被越来越多的研究人员引入到土壤温度预估中,在很多任务中已经超过了统计模型、物理模型的性能。本文对比了统计模型、物理模型和机器学习方法这三种土壤温度常用计算方法的异同,简要介绍了应用于土壤温度研究的各类机器学习模型的原理和特点,综合国内外文献归纳了传统机器学习和深度学习在土壤温度空间分布、时间变化和时空变化三方面的研究进展。在土壤温度空间分布研究中,传统机器学习方法能够通过影响因子的空间异质性学习空间特征,并利用站点观测数据计算土壤深处的温度,但随土壤深度增加模型效果减弱,而深度学习模型有能够提取空间特征的结构,但对数据量要求高,当前研究中仅用于地表温度的遥感反演;在土壤温度时间序列研究中,加入了周期性信息的传统机器学习方法具有更好的模型效果,深度学习中的序列学习模型能自动捕捉土壤温度变化规律,结合了非平稳序列分析方法的混合模型能充分考虑土壤温度变化的连续性和周期性;由于陆面过程复杂性,土壤温度时空变化方面研究较少。基于模型特点和研究现状,本文总结了机器学习在土壤温度预估时的适用性,对数据选择、模型选择和模型评估方法进行了讨论。不同数据条件、研究目的决定着数据和模型的选择,决策树类方法可以可视化提供一定可解释性,支持向量机可适用于数据量较少的情况,极限学习机可以满足需要快速计算情形。由于机器学习缺少物理约束,应用于土壤温度预估时需要重视模型检验和结果对比。针对当前研究的挑战对下一步工作进行展望,认为未来利用机器学习方法对土壤温度进行预估可以从在学习模型中融入先验科学知识、结合遥感资料和多层观测进行土壤温度立体空间建模以及利用卷积循环神经网络进行时空建模三方面进行。

关键词：土壤温度机器学习时间序列

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分布式态势模拟训练系统关键技术及解决方案

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指挥信息系统与技术 2019年第4期10卷 22-26页

作者：汪跃唐志军章邢陆君之舒乐乐中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所

针对分布式态势模拟训练系统功能复杂和构建困难的问题,在分析系统基本需求的基础上,提出了一种通用的分布式态势模拟训练系统服务架构,分析了远程异地统一管理、复杂态势环境模拟、异构仿真系统集成、分布式仿真资源管理和训练效果综... 详细信息

针对分布式态势模拟训练系统功能复杂和构建困难的问题,在分析系统基本需求的基础上,提出了一种通用的分布式态势模拟训练系统服务架构,分析了远程异地统一管理、复杂态势环境模拟、异构仿真系统集成、分布式仿真资源管理和训练效果综合评估5项关键技术,并提出了相应的解决方案,可为构建战役级分布式态势模拟训练系统、开展多级联训、提升综合评估能力和改进训练方法等提供参考。

关键词：态势模拟统一导调系统集成训练评估

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