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Changes in otolaryngology application requirements and match outcomes:Are we doing any better?

World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第2期9卷 144-152页

作者： Emma De Ravin Ariel S.Frost Neal R.Godse Amber D.Shaffer Noel jabbour Barry M.Schaitkin jason Newman leila j.mady Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania Health SystemPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Head and Neck Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and NeckSurgery Medical Universityof South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA MUSC Hollings Cancer Center CharlestonSouthCarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Cancer Risk and Control Program of Excellence Sidney Kimmel Cancer CenterPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objectives:Otolaryngology-specific requirements were piloted to minimize applicant and program *** investigated the impact of introducing and then removing these requirements on Match ***:2014-2021 National Resident Matching Program?data were *** primary outcome was the impact of Otolaryngology Resident Talent Assessment(ORTA;prematch 2017,postmatch 2019)and Program-Specific Paragraph(PSP;implemented 2016,optional 2018)on applicant numbers and match *** survey analysis assessed candidate perceptions of PSP/***:Applicant numbers declined significantly during PSP/ORTA(18.9%;p=0.001).With the optional PSP and postmatch ORTA,applicant numbers increased significantly(39.0%;p=0.002).Examined individually,mandatory PSP was associated with a significant decline in applicants(p=0.007),whereas postmatch ORTA was associated with significant increases in applicants(p=0.010).ORTA and PSP negatively impacted the decision to apply to otolaryngology in 59.8%and 51.3%of applicants,***,match rate success improved significantly from 74.8%to 91.2%during PSP/ORTA(p=0.014),followed by a significant decline to 73.1%after PSP was made optional and ORTA moved to postmatch(p=0.002).Conclusions:ORTA and PSP correlated with decreased applicant numbers and increased match rate *** programs seek ways to remove barriers to applying to otolaryngology,the potential consequences of an increasing pool of unmatched candidates must also be considered.

关键词： academic success internship and residency medical students otolaryngology surveys and questionnaires

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A phaseⅡprospective trial of photobiomodulation therapy in limiting oral mucositis in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer patients

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 345-354页

作者： janielle K.-A.Taylor leila j.mady Khalil Baddour Uzoma K.Iheagwara Shuyan Zhai james P.Ohr Daniel P.Zandber Vikram C.Gorantla Robert L.Ferris Seungwon Kim Umamaheswar Duvvuri Mark W.Kubik Shaum Sridharan jonas T.johnson Karen D.Holeva Annette E.Quinn David A.Clump School of Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA UPMC Department of Radiation Oncology UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Biostatistics UPMC Hillman Cancer CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyUPMC Hillman Cancer CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Immunology UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:This study aimed to compare the historical incidence rate of severe oral mucositis(OM)in head and neck cancer patients undergoing definitive concurrent chemoradiation therapy(CRT)versus a prospective cohort of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)treated with prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy(PBMT).Methods:This US-based,institutional,single-arm,phaseⅡprospective clinical trial was initiated in 50 patients(age≥18 years,Karnofsky Performance Scale Index>60,with locally advanced HNSCC(excluding oral cavity)receiving definitive or adjuvant radiation therapy(RT)with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy(CT).PBMT was delivered three times per week throughout RT utilizing both an intraoral as well extraoral delivery *** outcome measure was incidence of severe OM utilizing both the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria,version 4.0(NCI-CTCAE)Grade≥3 and the World Health Organization Mucositis Grading Scale(WHO)Grade≥3 versus historical controls;secondary outcome measures included time to onset of severe OM following therapy ***:At baseline,all patients included in final analysis(N=47)had OM Grade *** RT and CT dose was(66.3±5.1)Gy and(486.1±106.8)mg/m ^(2),*** OM was observed in 11 of 47 patients(23%,confidence interval:12,38).OM toxicity grade trended upward during treatment,reaching a maximum at 7 weeks(WHO:1.8 ***-CTCAE:1.7).Subsequently,OM grade returned to baseline 3 months following completion of *** mean time to onset of severe OM was(35±12)*** mean time to resolution of severe OM was(37±37)***:Compared to historical outcomes,PBMT aides in decreasing severe OM in patients with locally advanced *** represents a minimally invasive,prophylactic intervention to decrease OM as a major treatment-related side effect.

关键词： chemoradiotherapy oral mucositis photobiomodulation therapy squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck

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A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang joshua C.Lederman Thomas Ferreira de Lima jiawei Zhang Simon Bilodeau leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin j.Shastri Paul R.Prucnal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEC Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

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Diagnostic accuracy of ePOS score in predicting DNR labeling after ICU admission:A prospective observational study(ePOS-DNR)

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journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 216-221页

作者： Omar E.Ramadan Ahmed F.mady Mohammed A.Al-Odat Ahmed N.Balshi Ahmed W.Aletreby Taisy j.Stephen Sheena R.Diolaso jennifer Q.Gano Waleed Th.Aletreby Department of Critical Care King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Nursing Department King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Background Resuscitation can sometimes be futile and making a do-not-resuscitate(DNR)decision is in the best interest of the *** electronic poor outcome screening(ePOS)score was developed to predict 6-month poor outcomes of critically ill *** explored the diagnostic accuracy of the ePOS score in predicting DNR decisions in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods This study was conducted at the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia between March and May ***,we calculated ePOS scores for all eligible consecutive admissions after 48 h in the ICU and recorded the DNR *** ability of the score to predict DNR was explored using logistic ***'s ideal cut-off value was calculated using the DeLong method,and different diagnostic accuracy measures were generated with corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results We enrolled 857 patients,125 received a DNR order and 732 did *** average ePOS score of DNR and non-DNR patients was 28.2±10.7 and 15.2±9.7,*** score,as a predictor of DNR order,had an area under receiver operator characteristic(AUROC)curve of 81.8%(95%CI:79.0 to 84.3,P17 was associated with a sensitivity of 87.2(95%CI:80.0 to 92.5,P17 may help guide clinical decisions to withhold or commence resuscitative measures.

关键词： Do-not-resuscitate(DNR) Resuscitation Intensive care unit(ICU) Diagnostic accuracy Sensitivity Specificity

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Differences in nutrient uptake between the fat body and embryonic primary cultures of silkworm （Bombyx mori）

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Insect Science 2006年第1期13卷 19-24页

作者： leila MATINDOOST jALAL j. SENDI HOORIEH SOLEIMAN jAHI KAYVAN ETEBARI Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Guilan Rasht Department of Virology School of Medical Science Tarbiat Modarres Tehran Department of Sericulture Faculty of Natural Resources University of Guilan Somehesara Iran

Nutrition utilization and by-product formation in cultured insect cells has been investigated in several insect cells and has been of great interest to cell culturists and physiologists. In this research the biochemical changes in embryonic and fat body primary cultures of silkworm, Bombyx mori, have been compared. TC-100 medium supplemented with 10% and 20% FBS was used in embryonic and fat body primary cultures, respectively. Medium was renewed every week and the amount of glucose, uric acid, urea, total protein and alkaline phosphatase were measured in the samples from medium of primary cultures using spectrophotometeric methods. All biochemical macromolecules except uric acid showed significant changes. Glucose decreased in embryonic tissues, while in fat body culture its amount increased. Urea accumulation in embryonic culture was higher than in the fat body cultures. Since urea is a by-product, this accumulation could be due to higher utilization of amino acids. Total protein showed considerable changes and was consumed by embryonic culture more than the fat body＇ s. Alkaline phosphatase showed stronger activity in embryonic cells.

关键词： biochemical Bombyx mori embryo fat body insect cell primary culture,silkworm

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Food Habits of <i>Bryconaethiops boulengeri </i>Pellegrin, 1900 (Characiformes: Alestidae) of Djiri River Tributary of the Right Bank of Congo River

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Open journal of Ecology 2018年第9期8卷 510-521页

作者： M. Mikia I. mady-Goma Dirat A. Tsoumou j. Vouidibio Research Laboratory of Animal Biology and Ecology ENS University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

Diet of 300 specimens of Bryconaethiops boulengeri from Djiri River (Congo Brazzaville) caught with cash nets was studied according to the size of fish, sampling stations and hydrological season. Sampling focused on twelve annual withdrawals made during three years. The relative importance index combining numerical and weight percentages of occurrence was calculated and also the sex ratio was evaluated. Bryconaethiops boulengeri consumes terrestrial and aquatic insects and everything that falls into the water (birds feathers, plant debris, fruits, etc.). The percentage of emptiness is 9.66% of the three sampling stations selected;no significant difference in diet was observed whatever the season.

关键词： Djiri River Bryconaethiops boulengeri Food Habits Occurrence Eclectic Insectivore

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Prediction of Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Native Maize Starch and Comparison with HMT Treated Starch

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journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第6期7卷 535-546页

作者： Aklouche leila Monteau jean-Yves Rezzoug Sid-Ahmed Maugard Thierry Guihard Luc Cohendoz Stephane Maache-Rezzoug Zoulikha LaSIE UMR CNRS 7356University of La RochelleAvenue Michel Crépeau17042 La RochelleFrance GEPEA UMR CNRS 6144ONIRISRue de la Géraudière44322 NantesFrance LIENSs UMR CNRS 7266 Universitéde La RochelleFrance

Specific heat(Cp)and effective thermal conductivity(λ)of native maize starch(NS)were measured by DSC and transient heat transfer method,respectively,at different moisture contents and *** dependency of temperature(T)and moisture content(W)on the two parameters were *** thermophysical properties of treated starch(TS)by four hydrothermal processes(RP-HMT,IV-HMT,DV-HMT and FV-HMT)were measured and compared to native *** treatments were performed at 3 bars(133°C)for 10 *** Cp andλmeasurements,moisture content varied for NS from 5 to 21.5%*** from 8.8 to 25%d.b.,respectively,and was fixed at 6%*** *** models were developed to specific heat and effective thermal conductivity,using a multiple regression algorithm with subsequent statistical *** proposed models for NS based on T and W predict Cp andλwith a mean absolute error of 3.5%and 1.3%,*** differences in specific heat were observed between TS and *** a temperature range of 40 to 160°C,Cp values varied from 1.964 to 2.699 for NS and 1.380 to 2.085(j.g-1.°C-1)for *** contrast,the conductivity of NS was almost identical to that of treated starch by FV-HMT,followed in an increasing order by those treated by DV-HMT,RP-HMT,and IV-HM processes.

关键词： Starch HMT treatment specific heat effective thermal conductivity

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Breast Cancer Risk Genes-Association Analysis in More than 113,000 Women

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 7-7页

作者： leila Dorling The authors' affiliations are as follows: the Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Departments of Public Health and Primary Care (L.D. S. Carvalho J.A. K.A.P. Q.W. M.K.B. J.D. B.D. N. Mavaddat K. Michailidou A.C.A. P.D.P.P. D.F.E.) and Oncology (C.L. P.A.H. C. Baynes D.M.C. L.F. V.R. M. Shah P.D.P.P. A.M.D. D.F.E.) University of Cambridge Cambridge the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (A. Campbell D.J.P.) and the Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology Department of Psychology (D.J.P.) University of Edinburgh the Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre (D.A.C. J.F.) and the Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics University of Edinburgh Medical School (A. Campbell J.F.) Edinburgh the Divisions of Informatics Imaging and Data Sciences (E.F.H.) Cancer Sciences (A. Howell) Population Health Health Services Research and Primary Care (A. Lophatananon K. Muir) and Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences (W.G.N. E.M.V. D.G.E.) University of Manchester the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit (E.F.H.) and the Nightingale Breast Screening Centre Wythenshawe Hospital (E.F.H. H.I.) Academic Health Science Centre and North West Genomics Laboratory Hub and the Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine St. Mary's Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (W.G.N. E.M.V. D.G.E.) Manchester the School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences Comprehensive Cancer Centre Guy's Campus King's College London London (E.J.S.) the Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham (I.T.) and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford Oxford (I.T.) - all in the United Kingdom the Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit Human Cancer Genetic Program (A.G.-N. M.R.A. N.Á. B.H. R.N.-T.) and the Human Genetics Group (V.F. A.O. J.B.) Spanish National Cancer Research

Background:Genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility is widely used,but for many genes,evidence of an association with breast cancer is weak,underlying risk estimates are imprecise,and reliable subtype-specific risk estimates are ***:We used a panel of 34 putative susceptibility genes to perform sequencing on samples from 60,466 women with breast cancer and 53,461 *** separate analyses for protein-truncating variants and rare missense variants in these genes,we estimated odds ratios for breast cancer overall and tumor *** evaluated missense-variant associations according to domain and classification of pathogenicity.

关键词： cancer Breast Cancer

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Histone modifications and alcohol-induced liver disease:Are altered nutrients the missing link?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2465-2472页

作者： Akshata Moghe Swati joshi-Barve Smita Ghare leila Gobejishvili Irina Kirpich Craig j McClain Shirish Barve University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionUniversity of Louisville Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and *** is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and *** can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease ***,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene *** review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to *** review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.

关键词： Alcohol Liver disease Nutrients Metabolism Histone Epigenetic modifications S-adenosylmethionine Acetate Zinc NAD

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A review of potential biomarkers for assessing physical and psychological trauma in paediatric burns

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 652-677页

作者： Morgan Carlton joanne Voisey Tony j.Parker Chamindie Punyadeera leila Cuttle Queensland University of Technology(QUT) Centre for Children’s Burn and Trauma ResearchCentre for Children’s Health ResearchSouth BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Queensland University of Technology(QUT) Faculty of HealthSchool of Biomedical SciencesBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Queensland University of Technology(QUT) Faculty of HealthSchool of Biomedical SciencesSaliva and Liquid Biopsy Translational LaboratoryBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

Biological markers that evaluate physical healing as well as psychological impact of a burn are essential for effective treatment of paediatric *** objective of this review is to summarize the evidence supporting the use of biomarkers in children with *** extensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed.A total of 59 biomarkers were identified relating to burn presence,specifically relating to processes involved in inflammation,wound healing,growth and *** addition,biomarkers involved in the stress response cascade following a burn trauma were also *** many biomarkers have been identified that are potentially associated with burn-related physical and psychological trauma,an understanding of burn biology is still lacking in *** propose that future research in the field of children’s burns should be conducted using broad screening methods for identifying potential biomarkers,examine the biological interactions of different biomarkers,utilize child-appropriate biological fluids such as urine or saliva,and include a range of different severity *** further research,the biological response to burn injury may be fully realized and clinically relevant diagnostic tests and treatment therapies utilizing these biomarkers could be developed,for the improvement of healing outcomes in paediatric burn patients.

关键词： Paediatric burns Biomarker Inflammatory Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis Physical trauma Psychological trauma

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