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Bats and their vital ecosystem services:a global review

Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 2-23页

作者： leidy azucena ram.rez-fráncel leidy Viviana GARCÍA-HERRERA Sergio LOSADA-PRADO Gladys REINOSO-FLÓrez Alfonso SÁNCHEZ-HERNÁNDEZ Sergio ESTRADA-VILLEGAS Burton KLIM Giovany GUEVARA Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Programa para la Conservación de los Murciélagos de Colombia BogotáD.C.Colombia Departamento de Biología&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Yale School of the Environment Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaRepublic of Panama Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada

Bats play crucial ecosystem services as seed dispersers,pollinators,controllers of insects,and nutrient ***,there has not been a thorough global review evaluating these roles in bats across all biogeographical regions of the *** reviewed the literature published during the last two decades and identified 283 relevant studies:78 dealt with the control of potential insect pests by bats,80 related to the suppression of other arthropods,60 on the dispersal of native or endemic seeds,11 dealt with the dispersal of seeds of introduced plants,29 on the pollination of native or endemic plants,1 study on pollination of introduced plants,and 24 on the use of guano as *** literature search showed that queries combining the terms“seed dispersal,”“insectivorous bats,”“nectarivorous bats,”“use of guano,”and“ecosystem services”returned 577 studies,but half were experimental in *** found that the evaluation of ecosystem services by bats has been mostly conducted in the Neotropical and Palearctic *** detect differences across relevant studies,and to explain trends in the study of ecosystem services provided by bats,we performed generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)fitted with a Poisson distribution to analyze potential differences among sampling *** identified 409 bat species that provide ecosystem services,752 insect species consumed by bats and 549 plant species either dispersed or pollinated by *** review summarizes the importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide,which is especially important during the current pandemic.

关键词： chiroptera ecosystem services frugivory,guano,insectivory nectarivory pest control pollination seed dispersal

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Modeling Violence Among and Against University Students in a Mexican Medium-Sized City

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Chinese Business Review 2020年第6期19卷 226-239页

作者： Alicia Sylvia Gijón-Cruz Rafael G.Reyes-Morales Blanca azucena García-ram.rez Juan Luis Bautista-Martínez Nadia Esteva-Duran Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca State of OaxacaMexico Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca State of OaxacaMexico

Violence against university students and among them is analyzed on campus and the household as well as the relationships of violence between these two social *** study was undertaken through an anonymous random survey in the two larger public universities in a Mexican medium-sized *** violence and types of violence-verbal,psychological,sexual,and physical-were evaluated by sex and by universities;and the aggressors were identified.A students’concept of violence was built,considering causes of intimate-partner violence,violence in general and ethical judgment on gender ***,it was measured the relationships between violence on campus and in the household using bivariate statistical *** indicate the main aggressors on campus are classmates and professors,whereas in the household are the mother,relatives together with the parents and relatives without the ***-campus,there were found statistically significant associations between professors-aggressors and students as victims of violence by *** the household,the bivariate analysis confirmed mothers as single aggressors and fathers exerting violence together with relatives against student-children;and direct relationships between on-campus(psychological and sexual violence)and domestic(physical and sexual violence).

关键词： types of violence violence by sex aggressors students’concept of violence

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