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Inhibiting SHP2 reduces glycolysis, promotes microglial M1 polarization, and alleviates secondary inflammation following spinal cord injury in a mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 858-872页

作者： Xintian Ding Chun Chen Heng Zhao Bin Dai lei ye Tao Song Shuai Huang Jia Wang Tao You Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.

关键词： apoptosis glycolysis inflammatory response microglia neurons polarization spinal cord injury Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2

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Spatial-temporal Analysis of Daily Air Quality Index in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China During 2014 and 2016

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第3期29卷 382-393页

作者： ye lei OU Xiangjun School of Geographic Science Nantong University School of Geography Geomatics and PlanningJiangsu Normal University

Urban air pollution is a prominent problem related to the urban development in China, especially in the densely populated urban agglomerations. Therefore, scientific examination of regional variation of air quality and its dominant factors is of great importance to regional environmental management. In contrast to traditional air pollution researches which only concentrate on a single year or a single pollutant, this paper analyses spatiotemporal patterns and determinants of air quality in disparate regions based on the air quality index(AQI) of the Yangtze River Delta region(YRD) of China from 2014 to 2016. Results show that the annual average value of the AQI in the YRD region decreases from 2014 to 2016 and exhibit a basic characteristic of ‘higher in winter, lower in summer and slightly high in spring and autumn'. The attainment rate of the AQI shows an apparently spatial stratified heterogeneity, Hefei metropolitan area and Nanjing metropolitan area keeping the worst air quality. The frequency of air pollution occurring in large regions was gradually decreasing during the study period. Drawing from entropy method analysis, industrialization and urbanization represented by per capita GDP and total energy consumption were the most important factors. Furthermore, population agglomeration is a factor that cannot be ignored especially in some mega-cities. Limited to data collection, more research is needed to gain insight into the spatiotemporal pattern and influence mechanism in the future.

关键词： air quality index(AQI) spatial-temporal evolution contributing factors Yangtze River Delta(YRD)

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Recent Advances in the Regulation of Brassinosteroid Signaling and Biosynthesis Pathways

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第6期53卷 455-468页

作者： Huaxun ye lei Li Yanhai Yin Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA

Brassinosteroids （BRs） play important roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental cues. BRs signal through plasma membrane receptor BRI1 and co-receptor BAK1, and several positive （BSK1, BSU1, PP2A） and negative （BKI1, BIN2 and 14-3-3） regulators to control the activities of BES1 and BZR1 family transcription factors, which regulate the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes for various BR responses. Recent studies identified novel signaling components in the BR pathways and started to establish the detailed mechanisms on the regulation of BR signaling. In addition, the molecular mechanism and transcriptional network through which BES1 and BZR1 control gene expression and various BR responses are beginning to be revealed. BES1 recruits histone demethylases ELF6 and REF6 as well as a transcription elongation factor IWS1 to regulate target gene expression. Identification of BES1 and BZR1 target genes established a v__t- transcriptional network for BR response and also revealed regulatory mechanisms of BRs v crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Recent studies in many developmental processes and regulation of BR biosynthesis. Here we provide an overview and discuss some of the most recent progress in the regulation of BR signaling and biosynthesis pathways.

关键词： biosynthesis brassinosteroid crosstalk signaling transcription.

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Room-temperature infrared photodetectors with hybrid structure based on two-dimensional materials

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第1期28卷 82-100页

作者： Tiande Liu lei Tong Xinyu Huang lei ye School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Two-dimensional(2D) materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs), black phosphorus(BP),and related derivatives, have attracted great attention due to their advantages of flexibility, strong light–matter interaction,broadband absorption, and high carrier mobility, and have become a powerful contender for next-generation infrared photodetectors. However, since the thickness of 2D materials is on the order of nanometers, the absorption of 2D materials is very weak, which limits the detection performance of 2D materials-based infrared photodetectors. In order to solve this problem, scientific researchers have tried to use optimized device structures to combine with 2D materials for improving the performance of infrared photodetectors. In this review, we review the progress of room-temperature infrared photodetectors with hybrid structure based on 2D materials in recent years, focusing mainly on 2D–nD(n = 0, 1, 2) heterostructures, the integration between 2D materials and on-chip or plasmonic structure. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and point out the future development direction.

关键词： two-dimensional materials heterostructure infrared photodetectors

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A family of flexible two-dimensional semiconductors:MgMX2Y6(M=Ti/Zr/Hf;X=Si/Ge;Y=S/Se/Te)

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Journal of Semiconductors 2023年第4期44卷 70-80页

作者： Junhui Yuan Kanhao Xue Xiangshui Miao lei ye School of Integrated Circuits School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories Wuhan 430205China

Inspired by the recently predicted 2D MX_(2)Y_(6)(M=metal element;X=Si/Ge/Sn;Y=S/Se/Te),we explore the possible applications of alkaline earth metal(using magnesium as example)in this family based on the idea of element replacement and valence electron ***,we report a new family of 2D quaternary compounds,namely MgMX_(2)Y_(6)(M=Ti/Zr/Hf;X=Si/Ge;Y=S/Se/Te)monolayers,with superior kinetic,thermodynamic and mechanical *** addition,our results indicate that MgMX_(2)Y_(6)monolayers are all indirect band gap semiconductors with band gap values ranging from 0.870 to 2.500 ***,the band edges and optical properties of 2D MgMX_(2)Y_(6)are suitable for constructing multifunctional optoelectronic ***,for comparison,the mechanical,electronic and optical properties of In_(2)X_(2)Y_(6)monolayers have been discussed in *** success of introducing Mg into the 2D MX_(2)Y_(6)family indicates that more potential materials,such as Caand Sr-based 2D MX_(2)Y_(6)monolayers,may be discovered in the ***,this work not only broadens the existing family of 2D semiconductors,but it also provides beneficial results for the future.

关键词： two-dimensional materials MgMX_(2)Y_(6)monolayer In2X2Y6 monolayer semiconductor first-principles calculations

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A survey on joint-operation application for unmanned swarm formations under a complex confrontation environment

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2023年第6期34卷 1432-1446页

作者： ZHANG Jialong HAN Kun ZHANG Pu HOU Zhongxi ye lei Unit 63768 of the PLA Xi’an 710200China School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Test and Training Base National University of Defense TechnologyXi’an 710100China School of Automation and Information Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China

With the rapid development of informatization,autonomy and intelligence,unmanned swarm formation intelligent operations will become the main combat mode of future *** unmanned swarm formations such as ground-based directed energy weapon formations,space-based kinetic energy weapon formations,and sea-based carrier-based formations have become the trump card for winning future *** a complex confrontation environment,these sophisticated weapon formation systems can precisely strike mobile threat group targets,making them extreme deterrents in joint combat *** on this,first,this paper provides a comprehensive summary of the outstanding advantages,strategic position and combat style of unmanned clusters in joint warfare to highlight their important position in future ***,a detailed analysis of the technological breakthroughs in four key areas,situational awareness,heterogeneous coordination,mixed combat,and intelligent assessment of typical unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarms in joint warfare,is *** in-depth analysis of the UAV swarm communication networking operating mechanism during joint warfare is provided to lay the theoretical foundation for subsequent cooperative tracking and ***,an indepth analysis of the shut-in technology requirements of UAV clusters in joint warfare is provided to lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent cooperative tracking ***,the technical requirements of UAV clusters in joint warfare are analysed in depth so the key technologies can form a closed-loop kill chain system and provide theoretical references for the study of intelligent command operations.

关键词： unmanned swarm operation style weapon formation system mobile group target joint operation

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Particle Shape Dependence of Rheological Behavior for Colloid-polymer Mixtures

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第11期32卷 1515-1523页

作者： lei ye Yue Xie 邱东 Ying Kan 张正东 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences National Institute of Metrology

The effect of particle shape on the rheological behavior of small particle-large polymer chain mixture solutions has been investigated with two model colloidal silica dispersions, one of which is ellipsoidal（BINDZIL20/440） and the other is spherical（TM40）. It was found that BINDZIL20/440 series showed shear-thickening at lower shear rates and had a lower upper limit in PEO concentration to demonstrate shear-thickening phenomena. The particle shape was identified as the major factor accounting for these differences. This work enables one to control the rheological behavior of colloid-polymer mixture through simply changing particle geometry instead of performing surface modifications, which could be especially useful in cases where only certain chemicals are allowed, for example in vivo applications.

关键词： Silica colloid Rheology Nanoparticle PEO.

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Effect of Loading Rate on Lateral Pile-Soil Interaction in Sand Considering Partially Drained Condition

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第6期34卷 772-783页

作者： ZHU Bin REN Jie WU lei-ye KONG De-qiong ye Guan-lin YANG Qingjie LAI Ying MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Hypergravity Experimental and Interdisciplinary Research Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Department of Civil EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Reliable assessment of the lateral pile–soil interaction is of pronounced importance for the design of mono-pile foundations of offshore wind turbines. As the offshore engineering moves to deeper waters, the diameter of monopiles is getting larger, usually about 5 m and could be up to 8 m, which may lead to partially drained behaviors of sand in the vicinity of the pile and thus imply limitations of conventional design methods in which fully drained conditions were assumed. To shed light on this issue, a fully-coupled finite element model was established using an in-house developed finite element code DBLEAVES, incorporating a cyclic mobility constitutive model that is capable of describing the instantaneous contractive and dilative response of sands simultaneously. Triaxial and centrifuge model tests were conducted to calibrate the constitutive model and validate the pile–soil interaction model respectively. This is followed by a parametric study primarily focusing on the effects of loading rates. The initial stiffness of the p–y curve was found to increase with the loading rate whilst the bearing capacity showed the inverse,and the mechanism behind this phenomenon is examined in detail. Then an explicit model was developed to evaluate the development of excess pore pressure in the pile front upon lateral loading, and an upper boundary of normalized loading rate was identified to distinguish fully and partially drained conditions.

关键词： monopiles partially drained loading rate excess pore pressure

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Enhancing endothelial progenitor cell for clinical use

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第6期7卷 894-898页

作者： lei ye Kian-Keong Poh National Heart Research Institute Singapore National Heart Centre Singapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Department of Cardiology National University Heart CenterNational University Health System

Circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) have been demonstrated to correlate negatively with vascularendothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors. However, translation of basic research into the clinical practice has been limited by the lack of unambiguous and consistent definitions of EPCs and reduced EPC cell number and function in subjects requiring them for clinical use. This article critically reviews the definition of EPCs based on commonly used protocols, their value as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk factor in subjects with cardiovascular disease, and strategies to enhance EPCs for treatment of ischemic diseases.

关键词： Endothelial progenitor cells Cell therapy Enhancing function and number CD34 Clinical trials

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Numerical Simulation Study of a Novel Horizontally Layered Enhanced Geothermal System:A Case Study of the Qiabuqia Geothermal Area,Qinghai Province,China

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1328-1340页

作者： GAO Kun LIU Weiqun MA Tianran HU Yang FANG Tian ye lei School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

Hot dry rock,as a renewable and sustainable energy source,can alleviate resource shortages and environmental *** on data from the Qiabuqia geothermal field and an established thermal-hydrological-mechanical coupled mathematical model,a novel horizontally layered enhanced geothermal system(EGS)is proposed and compared with the conventional double vertical well *** the simulated conditions in this paper,the comprehensive heat recovery performance of the horizontally layered EGS is significantly better than that of the double vertical well ***,although the average production temperature of the double vertical well EGS is higher than that of the horizontally layered EGS in the attenuation stage,the heat power output of the horizontally layered EGS ranges from 6.10 MW to 12.25 MW,which is 1.36 to 1.67 times that of the double vertical well ***,the heat recovery rate of the horizontally layered EGS is 6.63%higher than that of the double vertical well EGS and is thus more ***,parametric analysis was performed to investigate the influence of the controllable parameters on heat recovery for the horizontally layered *** heat power output and heat extraction ratio are proportional to the pressure difference and well spacing and inversely proportional to the injection fluid *** thermal power output is most greatly influenced by the pressure difference,followed by the well spacing and injection fluid *** effects of the pressure difference and well spacing on the heat recovery rate are almost the same,and the injection fluid temperature has no effect.

关键词： hot dry rock enhanced geothermal system thermal-hydrological-mechanical coupling numerical simulation parameter analysis

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