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嵌段共聚物电解质的制备及其电化学性能

材料工程 2024年第6期52卷 69-77页

作者：张锟刘娜田君梁晓嫱陈光海高洪波胡道中佟蕾田崔钧王浩辰中国北方车辆研究所北京100072 北京卫蓝新能源科技有限公司北京102402

通过设计聚合物分子结构,采用热引发自由基聚合方法合成聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGMEMA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)的二嵌段共聚物电解质PEGMEMAm-GMAn-Br(PGA-Br),并研究其电化学性能。结果表明:将PGA嵌段或接枝到聚合物电解质上... 详细信息

通过设计聚合物分子结构,采用热引发自由基聚合方法合成聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGMEMA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)的二嵌段共聚物电解质PEGMEMAm-GMAn-Br(PGA-Br),并研究其电化学性能。结果表明:将PGA嵌段或接枝到聚合物电解质上,可提高聚合物电解质的离子电导率,室温下的离子电导率达1.05×10^(−4)S·cm^(−1)。同时,PGA-Br嵌段共聚物电解质具有较低的玻璃化转变温度(-65℃)、较高的热分解温度、较宽的电化学稳定窗口(5.1 V)和阻燃特性。PGA-Br共聚物电解质组装下的固态Li|Li对称电池具有增强的电极/电解质固-固界面,可实现金属锂均匀沉积,有效抑制锂枝晶的生长。在0.1 C倍率下,基于PGA-Br嵌段共聚物电解质组装的LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)|PGA-Br|Li固态全电池可实现较高的首周放电比容量(160.1 mAh·g^(−1)),且循环100周次后容量保持率高达91.5%,库仑效率稳定在98.5%以上。

关键词：固态锂金属电池嵌段共聚物电解质锂金属负极锂枝晶热引发聚合

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VOC characteristics and their source apportionment in a coastal industrial area in the Yangtze River Delta, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 483-494页

作者： Mengrong Yang Fengxia Li Cenyan Huang lei tong Xiaorong Dai Hang Xiao Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment&Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo(Beilun)Zhongke Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation CenterNingbo 315800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Neuro-and Sensory Physiology University Medical Center GotingenHumboldtallee 2337073 GotingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Gotingenvon-Siebold-Straβ3α37075GotingenGermany College of Biological and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Wanli UniversityNingbo 315100China

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are important precursors of secondary organic compounds and ozone,which raise major environmental *** investigate the VOC emission characteristics,measurements of VOCs based on proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry during 2017 were conducted in a coastal industrial area in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province,*** on seasonal variation in species concentration,the positive matrix factorization(PMF)receptor model was applied to apportion the sources of VOCs in each *** PMF results revealed that unknown acetonitrile source,paint solvent,electronics industry,biomass burning,secondary formation and biogenic emission were mainly attributed to VOC *** burning and secondary formation were the major sources of VOCs and contributed more than 70%of VOC emissions in spring and ***-related sources contributed 8.65%–31.2%of the VOCs throughout the *** unknown acetonitrile source occurred in winter and spring,and contributed 7.6%–43.73%of the VOC emissions in the two *** probability function(CPF)analysis illustrated that the industry sources came from local emission,while biomass burning and biogenic emission mainly came from the northwest *** potential source contribution function(PSCF)model showed that secondary formation-related source was mainly from Jiangsu Province,northeastern China and the surrounding *** potential source areas of unknown acetonitrile source were northern Zhejiang Province,southern Jiangsu Province and the northeastern coastal marine environments.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry PMF source apportionment Seasonal characteristics

基于Blackman-Harris窗的110 kV输电电缆局部故障定位研究

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东北电力技术 2024年第8期45卷 28-31,39页

作者：陶渊王毛毛康振南童雷国网黄冈供电公司湖北黄冈438000 国网襄阳供电公司湖北襄阳441100 国网十堰供电公司湖北十堰442000

为解决传统频域反射法(frequency domain reflectometry, FDR)在定位110 kV输电电缆微弱局部故障时效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于Blackman-Harris窗的电缆局部故障频域反射定位技术。首先介绍了基于频域反射法的局部故障定位理论及模型... 详细信息

为解决传统频域反射法(frequency domain reflectometry, FDR)在定位110 kV输电电缆微弱局部故障时效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于Blackman-Harris窗的电缆局部故障频域反射定位技术。首先介绍了基于频域反射法的局部故障定位理论及模型;其次基于该模型,在定位局部故障时引入了一种形式简单且性能优越的Blackman-Harris窗,提高了局部故障位置识别灵敏性;最后进行仿真分析,结果表明,与其他常见窗函数相比,所提方法在定位局部故障位置时效果明显,可为存在类似问题的供电公司提供参考。

关键词： 10 kV电缆故障定位频域反射 Blackman-Harris窗

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便血方改善内痔患者临床症状的相关机制研究

中华全科医学 2024年第7期22卷 1227-1229,1238页

作者：王启王华童蕾钦梦婷嘉兴市中医医院肛肠科浙江嘉兴314001 嘉兴市中医医院妇科

目的为提高内痔临床治疗水平,探索科学有效的中西医结合治疗途径,本研究探讨便血方用于改善内痔患者临床症状的疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2023年12月嘉兴市中医医院肛肠科收治的150例Ⅰ、Ⅱ度内痔患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照... 详细信息

目的为提高内痔临床治疗水平,探索科学有效的中西医结合治疗途径,本研究探讨便血方用于改善内痔患者临床症状的疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2023年12月嘉兴市中医医院肛肠科收治的150例Ⅰ、Ⅱ度内痔患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组(75例)和观察组(75例)。对照组予以复方角菜酸酯栓治疗,观察组在复方角菜酸酯栓基础上增加便血方治疗。比较患者治疗前后便血、坠痛及黏膜状态等临床症状改善情况,评价临床疗效水平,检测血清血管内皮因子和炎症因子含量变化,观察治疗期间药物不良反应。结果观察组治疗后便血评分、坠痛评分和痔核黏膜状态评分均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组内痔治疗总有效率[93.33%(70/75)]显著高于对照组[74.67%(56/75),P<0.05]。观察组治疗后血清内皮素-1(EF-1)、细胞间黏附因子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附因子-1(VCAM-1)和内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)等血管内皮因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组治疗后血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α等炎症因子含量均低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论便血方联合复方角菜酸酯栓治疗可有效缓解内痔患者临床症状,提高临床疗效,临床症状的改善可能与便血方抑制血管内皮损伤和炎症反应的相关性。

关键词：内痔复方角菜酸酯栓便血方临床症状血管内皮损伤药理机制

Spatial and seasonal variability of CO_2 flux at the air-water interface of the Three Gorges Reservoir

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2229-2238页

作者： Le Yang Fei Lu Xiaoke Wang Xiaonan Duan lei tong Zhiyun Ouyang Hepeng Li State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Forestry Academy Bureau of Science and Technology for Resources and the Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Research Center for Urban Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Diffusive carbon dioxide （CO2） emissions from the water surface of the Three Gorges Reservoir, currently the largest hydroelectric reservoir in the world, were measured using floating static chambers over the course of a yearlong survey. The results showed that the average,annual CO2 flux was （163.3 ± 117.4） mg CO2/（m^***） at the reservoir surface, which was larger than the CO2 flux in most boreal and temperate reservoirs but lower than that in tropical reservoirs. Significant spatial variations in CO2 flux were observed at four measured sites, with the largest flux measured at Wushan （221.9 mg CO2/（m^***）） and the smallest flux measured at Zigui （88.6 mg CO2/（m^***））; these differences were probably related to the average water velocities at different sites. Seasonal variations in CO2 flux were also observed at four sites, starting to increase in January, continuously rising until peaking in the summer （June-August） and gradually decreasing thereafter. Seasonal variations in CO2 flux could reflect seasonal dynamics in pH, water velocity, and temperature. Since the spatial and temporal variations in CO2 flux were significant and dependent on multiple physical, chemical, and hydrological factors, it is suggested that long-term measurements should be made on a large spatial scale to assess the climatic influence of hydropower in China, as well as the rest of the world.

关键词： CO2 emission spatial variation seasonal variation water velocity temperature pH

Influence of extreme shallow jacked box tunnelling on underlying metro tunnels:A case study

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Underground Space 2023年第5期12卷 234-250页

作者： Xiaobing Xu lei tong Zhuofeng Li Xingwang Liu Qi Hu Hongbo Yao Junyi Li School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Zhejiang Institute of Architectural Design and Research Hangzhou 310030China Dongtong Geotechnical Technology Co. LtdHangzhou 310000China Hangzhou Xiaoshan Transportation Investment Group Co. LtdHangzhou 311201China

The application of jacked box tunnelling for underground passages has grown rapidly in recent years in *** this study,the design of an extreme shallow jacked box tunnel traversing the underlying metro tunnels was *** innovative additional soil filling above the ground surface was carried out to overcome the overlying-soil-carrying effect of the extreme shallow jacked box *** structural safety of metro tunnels during the jacking process was analyzed through in-situ *** indicated that the overlying-soil-carrying effect was successfully *** metro tunnels generally showed horizontal displacement towards the receiving shaft,uplift and horizontal stretch during the jacking *** stop of jacking machine in front of obstacles generally contributed to the decrease of horizontal displacement,uplift and horizontal stretch of metro *** largest horizontal displacement(1.3–1.6 mm),uplift(1.5 mm)and horizontal convergence(1.6–1.8 mm)generally occurred when the reception of jacking machine was completed,and they all met the requirement of 2 mm for this *** design and construction of this shallow jacked box tunnel project could provide references for future similar projects.

关键词： Box tunnel Metro tunnel Soil filling Displacement Convergence

Temporal variability of visibility and its parameterizations in Ningbo,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 372-382页

作者： Jingjing Zhang lei tong Chenghui Peng Huiling Zhang Zhongwen Huang Jun He Hang Xiao Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Hanshan Normal University International Doctoral Innovation Center Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Simultaneous and continuous measurements of visibility, meteorological parameters and air pollutants were carried out at a suburban site in Ningbo from June 1, 2013 to May 31,2015. The characteristics of visibility and their relationships with air pollutants and meteorological factors were investigated using multiple statistical methods. Daily visibility ranged from 0.6 to 34.1 km, with a mean value of 11.8 km. During the 2-year experiment,43.4% of daily visibility was found to be less than 10.0 km and only 9.2% was greater than 20.0 km. Visibility was lower in winter with a frequency of 53.4% in the range of 0.0–5.0 *** visibility had an obvious diurnal variation, with the lowest and highest visibility being 7.5 km at approximately 06:00 local time and 15.6 km at approximately 14:00 local time, respectively. Multiple correspondence analysis(MCA) indicated that the different ranges of visibility were significantly affected by different levels of pollutants and meteorological conditions. Based on the analyses, visibility was found to be an exponential function of PM_(2.5) concentrations within a certain range of relative humidity. Thus, nonlinear models combining multiple linear regressions with exponential regression were subsequently developed using the data collected from June 2014 to May 2015, and the data from June 2013 to May 2014 was used to evaluate the performance of the model. It was demonstrated that the derived models can quantitatively describe the relationships between visibility, air quality and meteorological parameters in Ningbo.

关键词： Visibility Multiple correspondence analysis(MCA) Multiple non-linear regression

木质素纳米颗粒的制备及其在光热转换领域的应用研究进展

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中国造纸 2024年第7期43卷 114-121页

作者：盖晓倩喻照川李雨雷同王雨婷卞辉洋肖惠宁刘超南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心林产化学与材料国际创新高地江苏南京210037 福建农林大学植物纤维功能材料国家林业和草原局重点实验室福建福州350108 Department of Chemical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

光热转换是利用太阳能最直接的方式,随着可持续生物质资源的全面利用和纳米技术的不断发展,纳米生物质材料作为可再生资源在光热转换领域受到了越来越多的关注。木质素作为自然界中储量仅次于纤维素的天然高分子聚合物,具有优异的紫外... 详细信息

光热转换是利用太阳能最直接的方式,随着可持续生物质资源的全面利用和纳米技术的不断发展,纳米生物质材料作为可再生资源在光热转换领域受到了越来越多的关注。木质素作为自然界中储量仅次于纤维素的天然高分子聚合物,具有优异的紫外吸收和光热转换能力。现阶段,木质素的利用程度仍然较低,而木质素纳米颗粒(LNP)的制备与应用是实现木质素高值化利用的有效途径。相比原始木质素,LNP的高比表面积和可调控的形态及尺寸使其抗氧化、抗紫外等性能得到了进一步增强。鉴于此,本文总结了制备LNP的技术方法,重点介绍了LNP在光热转换领域的应用现状,探讨了其在光热转换领域中的主要挑战和前景。

关键词：生物质木质素纳米颗粒制备光热转换

新型“硬核软膜”结构纳米缓释制剂对瑞戈非尼的载药实验研究

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中国药学杂志 2024年第4期59卷 311-323页

作者：刘丹王宏远王晶华范兴君王强刘佳维佟雷翟凤国于凤波牡丹江医学院黑龙江牡丹江157011

目的建立的一种新型的、以聚丁二酰亚胺(polysuccinimide,PSI)与羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HAP)为基本构成成分的纳米缓释递药系统PSI-HAP,并对抗肿瘤药物瑞戈非尼的载药释药能力进行研究。方法本实验合成了制剂所需辅料HAP与PSI;建立... 详细信息

目的建立的一种新型的、以聚丁二酰亚胺(polysuccinimide,PSI)与羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HAP)为基本构成成分的纳米缓释递药系统PSI-HAP,并对抗肿瘤药物瑞戈非尼的载药释药能力进行研究。方法本实验合成了制剂所需辅料HAP与PSI;建立了紫外分光光度法对瑞戈非尼的含量进行检测;采用单因素结合响应面曲线法(box-behnken design,BBD)对不同方式制备的瑞戈非尼纳米缓释递药系统的处方与工艺进行考察;对制剂的载药与释药能力、制剂形态,Zeta电位与粒径等制剂学性质进行了考察。采用荧光染料尼罗红对载药PSI-HAP纳米粒进行标记,通过小动物活体成像技术观察纳米粒在小鼠体内的分布情况。结果经紫外扫描确定瑞戈非尼检测波长为264 nm,标准曲线为A=94.461ρ+0.0304,r^(2)=0.9998,精密度准确度实验显示,瑞戈非尼在0.002~0.02 mg·mL^(-1)内线性关系良好;BBD确定采用乳液法制备瑞戈非尼PSI-HAP制剂处方为药物浓度7.28 mg·mL^(-1),HAP与药物质量比为0.63,PSI与HAP质量比为3.93;体外释放实验结果显示,该递药系统具备pH敏感性,在pH值大于7时,药物会得到较为完全的释放。扫描电镜(SEM)结果显示,制剂粒径在300 nm上下,Zeta电位为负,与人体生物膜荷电性相同。体内分布实验结果显示,PSI-HAP制剂可显著延长制剂在动物体内的滞留时间。结论本实验建立的新型纳米递药系统的制备工艺极其简单,易于灭菌,无需高压、挤压、过滤等工艺即可制备出粒径均一的纳米粒子,药物释放平稳且具备pH敏感性,PSI与纳米HAP都具备抗肿瘤细胞增殖的作用,非常适用于抗肿瘤药物的体内递送。

关键词： “硬核软膜”结构纳米缓释瑞戈非尼 pH敏感单因素结合响应面曲线法