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A customized model for 3D human segmental kinematic coupling analysis by optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2947-2953页

作者： ZHAO GuoRu ren lei TIAN LiMei QIAN ZhiHui WANG lei ren LuQuan Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory for Biomedical Informatics and Health Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M601QDUK Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

The study of three-dimensional human kinematics has significant impacts on medical and healthcare technology innovations. As a non-invasive technology, optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry is widely used for in-vivo locomotor evaluations. However, relatively high testing difficulties, poor testing accuracies, and high analysis complexities prohibit its further employment. The objective of this study is to explore an improved modeling technique for quantitative measurement and analysis of human locomotion. Firstly, a 3D whole body model of 17 rigid segments was developed to describe human locomotion. Subsequently, a novel infrared reflective marker cluster for 17 body segments was constructed to calibrate and record the 3D segmental position and orientation of each functional body region simultaneously with high spatial accuracy. In addition, the novel calibration procedure and the conception of kinematic coupling of human locomotion were proposed to investigate the segmental functional characteristics of human motion. Eight healthy male subjects were evaluated with walking and running experiments using the Qualisys motion capture system. The experimental results demonstrated the followings: (i) The kinematic coupling of the upper limbs and the lower limbs both showed the significant characteristics of joint motion, while the torso motion of human possessed remarkable features of segmental motion; (ii) flexion/extension was the main motion feature in sagittal plane, while the lateral bending in coronal plane and the axial rotation in transverse plane were subsidiary motions during an entire walking cycle regarding to all the segments of the human body; (iii) compared with conventional methods, the improved techniques have a competitive advantage in the convenient measurement and accurate analysis of the segmental dynamic functional characteristics during human locomotion. The modeling technique proposed in this paper has great potentials in rehabilitation engineering

关键词： human movement analysis in-vivo skeletal system kinematics calibration technique kinematic coupling

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基于“木曰敷和”理论探讨柔肝法治疗老年失眠症

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天津中医药 2024年第5期41卷 582-585页

作者：赵云闫子铭沈一凡任磊秦建国北京中医药大学第二临床医学院北京100078 上海中医药大学附属市中医医院急诊科上海200071 北京中医药大学东方医院肾病科北京100078

肝主疏泄、藏血,在畅气机、统气血、燮阴阳方面发挥重要作用,文章从肝性柔润,“木曰敷和”角度出发,根据老年人脏腑柔弱、气血阴阳失调等病理特点,从肝论治老年失眠症,将其病机概括为木失敷和、气血怫郁、阴阳失衡。治疗主张柔肝胜于疏... 详细信息

肝主疏泄、藏血,在畅气机、统气血、燮阴阳方面发挥重要作用,文章从肝性柔润,“木曰敷和”角度出发,根据老年人脏腑柔弱、气血阴阳失调等病理特点,从肝论治老年失眠症,将其病机概括为木失敷和、气血怫郁、阴阳失衡。治疗主张柔肝胜于疏肝,从甘缓和中、养血柔肝,酸甘合阴、益肾柔肝,咸寒潜阳、降逆柔肝,辛润通络、化瘀柔肝4个方面探讨柔肝法应用,为治疗老年失眠症提供新思路,以期提高老年人生活质量。

关键词：老年失眠症木曰敷和柔肝气血阴阳

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Microstructure homogeneity and mechanical properties of laser-arc hybrid welded AZ31B magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1986-1995页

作者： Yongkang Gao Kangda Hao Lianyong Xu Yongdian Han lei Zhao Wenjing ren Hongyang Jing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology

Laser-arc hybrid welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy was carried out, the effects of welding parameters on weld formation, microstructure homogeneity and mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed that laser-arc hybrid welding was beneficial to improve the weld formation of magnesium alloy by inhibiting the defect of undercut and pores. The weld microstructure was mainly columnar grains neighboring the fusion line and equiaxed grains at the weld center. It was interesting that the grain size at the upper arc zone was smaller than that at the lower laser zone, with the difference mainly affected by laser power rather than welding current and welding speed. The welding parameters were optimized as laser power of 3.5 kW, welding current of 100 A and welding speed of 1.5 m/min. In this case,the weld was free of undercut and pores, and the tensile strength and elongation rate reached 252 MPa and 11.2%, respectively. Finally,the microstructure homogeneity was illustrated according to the heat distribution, and the evolution law of tensile properties was discussed basing on the weld formation and microstructure characteristics.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Laser-arc hybrid welding Microstructure homogeneity Mechanical properties

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12周有氧训练联合弹力带抗阻训练对老年肌少症体成分、肌力、躯体功能和肺功能的影响

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老年医学与保健 2024年第2期30卷 529-542页

作者：张音许轶明沈宏华杜井波吴顺军凌小楠任蕾上海市第四康复医院呼吸康复科上海200042 上海市第四康复医院康复治疗与管理科上海200042

目的通过对住院老年肌少症患者中进行中等有氧训练联合弹力带抗阻训练,观察12周强化训练及停止训练12周后对老年肌少症患者体成分、肌力、躯体功能及肺功能的影响。方法选择2022年1月-2022年12月收治于上海市第四康复医院呼吸康复科及... 详细信息

目的通过对住院老年肌少症患者中进行中等有氧训练联合弹力带抗阻训练,观察12周强化训练及停止训练12周后对老年肌少症患者体成分、肌力、躯体功能及肺功能的影响。方法选择2022年1月-2022年12月收治于上海市第四康复医院呼吸康复科及综合康复科老年肌少症58例住院患者并完成了全程随访,按随机数字法分为联合组(n=29)和有氧组(n=29),有氧组在常规康复训练基础上附加中等强度有氧训练,联合组在有氧组基础上联合弹力带抗阻训练,12周强化训练后停止训练12周,但维持训练前的日常生活方式、饮食及体育活动。比较2组在训练前、12周训练后、12周停止训练后的体成分、肌力、躯体功能及肺功能的变化。采用了两因素重复测量的方法。结果与训练前相比,12周强化训练后,联合组在ASM、握力、伸膝肌肌力、6米步速、5次起坐时间及FVC、FVC%pred、FEV 1指标上的显著改善与有氧组相当(P>0.05),联合组较有氧组ASMI改善更显著(P0.05),联合组ASMI、握力、伸膝肌肌力在停止训练12周后的水平仍显著高于训练前(P<0.05),且显著高于有氧组(P<0.05)。结论12周中等强度有氧训练联合弹力带抗阻训练可显著改善老年肌少症患者的肌肉量、肌力和部分肺功能参数,在停止训练12周后该疗效仍在持续,但较训练后显著或不显著的降低并不能被日常饮食及体育活动弥补。

关键词：老年肌少症有氧训练抗阻训练骨骼肌质量肌力肺功能

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Recent progress in 4D printing of stimuli-responsive polymeric materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 532-544页

作者： MA SuQian ZHANG YunPeng WANG Meng LIANG YunHong ren lei ren LuQuan Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130025China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Center of Reproductive Medicine Center of Prenatal DiagnosisThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

4D printing is proposed based on the additive manufacturing of stimuli-responsive materials and structures,which can realize shape changing upon external *** article reviews the 4D printing methods and actuating performances of 4D printing structures based on shape memory polymers,hydrogels,liquid crystal elastomers,and electroactive *** article shows that the shape morphing properties of single materials are limited,while 4D printing of composites can integrate the various driving modes of different smart *** the end,challenges facing 4D printing such as broadening the scope of smart materials,improving printing processes,the compatibility of printing different materials have been discussed.

关键词： 4D printing additive manufacturing smart materials driving mode shape memory polymer hydrogel liquid crystal elastomer electroactive polymer

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Development of a 3D Printed Bipedal Robot:Towards Humanoid Research Platform to Study Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第1期18卷 150-170页

作者： Kunyang Wang lei ren Zhihui Qian Jing Liu Tao Geng Luquan ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchtm 130022China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Design Engineering Middlesex UniversityLondonNW44BTUnited Kingdom

The objective of this study is to develop a bio robot with a high degree of biomechanical fidelity to the human musculoskeletal system in order to investigate the biomechanical principles underlying human *** robot was designed to possess identical biomechanical characteristics to the human body in terms of body segment properties,joint configurations and 3D musculoskeletal *** design parameters were acquired based on the medical images,3D musculoskeletal model and gait measurements of a healthy human *** satistyall the design criteria sinultaneously,metal 3D printing was used to construct the whole-body humanoid *** artificial muscles were fabricated in accordance with the predefined 3D musculoskeletal geometries.A series of physical tests were con-ducted to demonstrate the capacity of the robot *** fabricated robot shows equivalent mechanical characteristics to the human body as originally *** results of the physical tests by systematically changing environmental conditions and body structures have successfully demonstrated the capability of the robot platform to investigate the structure-function interplay in the human musculoskeletal system and also its interaction with the environment during *** robot might provide a valuable and powerful physical platfornm towards studying hunan musculoskeletal biomechanics by generating new hypotheses and revealing new insights into human locomotion science.

关键词： musculoskeletal biomechanics humanoid robots biomchanical fidelity 3D printing human walking

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Biomechanical Functions of the Canine Metacarpal and Metatarsal Pads during Locomotion:A Comparative Analysis

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第3期17卷 580-590页

作者： Huaibin Miao Zhuo Wang Jing Liu Zhihui Qian Luquan ren lei ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineerings Ministry of Education Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021China School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

It is generally known that forelimbs and hindlimbs play different roles during locomotion,but the possible differences in the biomechanical functions of the metacarpal pad and metatarsal pad remain *** study combined kinematic and pressure data from dogs to investigate the key roles of the metacarpal and metatarsal *** peak vertical ground reaction force of the metacarpal pad was found to be larger than that of the metatarsal pad,whereas the peak vertical ground reaction force of the fore toes was equal to that of hind toes,and the vertical defonnations of the metacarpal and metatarsal pads were almost equal;moreover,the obtained stiffness of the metacarpal pad was several times greater than that of metatarsal pad based on in vivo measurement *** results showed that the metacarpal pad demonstrated the biomechanical characteristics of cushion and support;however,the support characteristics of the metatarsal pad were ***,magnetic resonance imaging was performed to gather evidence to interpret the various roles played by the metacarpal pad and the metatarsal *** was found that the morphology and volumes of internal adipose tissues were closely related to the functions played by the metapodial pad during movement.

关键词： biomechanical function canine metacarpal pad metatarsal pad internal adipose tissue

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Porous garnet as filler of solid polymer electrolytes to enhance the performance of solid-state lithium batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2663-2670页

作者： Yang Zhang lei Zhang Peng Guo Chaoyan Zhang Xiaochuan ren Zhen Jiang Jianjun Song Chuan Shi College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens and Technical Textiles College of Textiles and ClothingQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Department of Chemistry University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

In order to enhance the ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)and their structural rigidity against lithium dendrite during lithium-ion battery(LIB)cycling,we propose porous garnet Li6.4La3Zr2Al0.2O12(LLZO),as the filler to *** porous LLZO with interlinked grains was synthesized via a resol-assisted cationic coordinative co-assembly *** porous structure of LLZO with high specific surface area facilitates the interaction between polymer and filler and provides sufficient entrance for Li^(+)migration into the LLZO ***,the interconnection of LLZO grains forms continuous inorganic pathways for fast Li^(+)migration,which avoid the multiple diffusion for Li^(+)in *** a result,the SPEs with porous LLZO(SPE-PL)show a high ionic conductive of 0.73 mS·cm^(-1) at 30℃ and lithium-ion transference number of *** porous LLZO with uniformly dispersed pores also acts as an ion distributor to regulate ionic *** lithium-symmetrical batteries assembled with SPE-PL show a highly stable Li plating/stripping cycling for nearly 3000 h at 0.1 mA·cm^(-2).The corresponding Li/LiFePO_(4) batteries also exhibit excellent cyclic performance with capacity retention of 75%after nearly 500 *** work brings new insights into the design of conductive fillers and the optimization of SPEs.

关键词： solid polymer electrolytes lithium metal battery porous conductive filler solid state battery

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Observation and modeling of tide- and wind-induced surface currents in Galway Bay

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Water Science and Engineering 2015年第4期8卷 345-352页

作者： lei ren Stephen Nash Michael Hartnett Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Informatics National University of Ireland

A high-frequency radar system has been deployed in Galway Bay, a semi-enclosed bay on the west coast of Ireland. The system provides surface currents with fine spatial resolution every hour. Prior to its use for model validation, the accuracy of the radar data was verified through comparison with measurements from acoustic Doppler current profilers （ADCPs） and a good correlation between time series of surface current speeds and directions obtained from radar data and ADCP data. Since Galway Bay is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, it is subject to relatively windy conditions, and surface currents are therefore strongly wind-driven. With a view to assimilating the radar data for forecasting purposes, a three-dimensional numerical model of Galway Bay, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code （EFDC）, was developed based on a terrain-following vertical （sigma） coordinate system. This study shows that the performance and accuracy of the numerical model, particularly with regard to tide- and wind-induced surface currents, are sensitive to the vertical layer structure. Results of five models with different layer structures are presented and compared with radar measurements. A variable vertical structure with thin layers at the bottom and the surface and thicker layers in the middle of the water column was found to be the optimal layer structure for reproduction of tideand wind-induced surface currents. This structure ensures that wind shear can properly propagate from the surface layer to the sub-surface layers, thereby ensuring that wind forcing is not overdamped by tidal forcing. The vertical layer structure affects not only the velocities at the surface layer but also the velocities further down in the water column.

关键词： Wind-induced surface current Vertical layer structure High-frequency radar Coastal ocean dynamics application radar Environmental fluid dynamicscode Galway Bay

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A Phase-Dependent Hypothesis for Locomotor Functions of Human Foot Complex

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第3期5卷 175-180页

作者： lei ren David Howard Lu-quan ren Chris Nester Li-mei Tian School of Physical Science and Engineering King＇s College of London University of London London WC2R 2LS UK Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research University of Salford Salford M5 4 WT UK Key Laboratory for Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 P R. China

The human foot is a very complex structure comprising numerous bones, muscles, ligaments and synovial joints. As the only component in contact with the ground, the foot complex delivers a variety of biomechanical functions during human locomotion, e.g. body support and propulsion, stability maintenance and impact absorption. These need the human foot to be rigid and damped to transmit ground reaction forces to the upper body and maintain body stability, and also to be compliant and resilient to moderate risky impacts and save energy. How does the human foot achieve these apparent conflicting functions？ In this study, we propose a phase-dependent hypothesis for the overall locomotor functions of the human foot complex based on in-vivo measurements of human natural gait and simulation results of a mathematical foot model. We propse that foot functions are highly dependent on gait phase, which is a major characteristics of human locomotion. In early stance just after heel strike, the foot mainly works as a shock absorber by moderating high impacts using the viscouselastic heel pad in both vertical and horizontal directions. In mid-stance phase （-80% of stance phase）, the foot complex can be considered as a springy rocker, reserving external mechanical work using the foot arch whilst moving ground contact point forward along a curved path to maintain body stability. In late stance after heel off, the foot complex mainly serves as a force modulator like a gear box, modulating effective mechanical advantages of ankle plantiflexor muscles using metatarsal-phalangeal joints. A sound under- standing of how diverse functions are implemented in a simple foot segment during human locomotion might be useful to gain insight into the overall foot locomotor functions and hence to facilitate clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation product design and humanoid robot development.

关键词： biomechanics human foot locomotion rollover model shock absorber spring phase-dependent

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