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Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 22-31页

作者： Zhiyu lei Hanghang Ma Xiaobo zhang Lin Yu Yihang zhang Yutong Li Suming Weng Min Chen {3. zhang Zhengming Sheng Key laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Centre of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China College of physics and Electronics Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China beijing national laboratory for {3. matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is *** scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(16)W~cm^(2)in a near-critical-density *** deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical *** energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of-10^(20)W~cm^(2),enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high *** contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations,our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target ***,neutrons are generated directly inside the optical *** simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV,yield 10^(18)–10^(19)n/s,and total number 106–107 in a duration-400 fs can be obtained with a 25μm ***,the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions,predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting *** microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications,such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research.

关键词： acceleration scheme angular

Optimization for epitaxial fabrication of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 61-69页

作者： Minghui Xu Yan Zhao Xiang Ding Huaqian Leng Shu zhang jie Gong Haiyan Xiao Xiaotao Zu Huiqian Luo Ke-Jin Zhou bing {3. Liang Qiao School of physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China Diamond Light Source Harwell CampusDidcot OX110DEUnited Kingdom beijing national laboratory for {3. matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials laboratory Dongguan 523808China

The discovery of nickelates superconductor creates exciting opportunities to unconventional superconductivity. However, its synthesis is challenging and only a few groups worldwide can obtain samples with zero-resistance. This problem becomes the major barrier for this field. From plume dynamics perspective, we found the synthesis of superconducting nickelates is a complex process and the challenge is twofold, i.e., how to stabilize an ideal infinite-layer structure Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(2), and then how to make Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(2) superconducting? The competition between perovskite Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(3. and Ruddlesden−Popper defect phase is crucial for obtaining infinite-layer structure. Due to inequivalent angular distributions of condensate during laser ablation, the laser energy density is critical to obtain phase-pure Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(3.. However, for obtaining superconductivity, both laser energy density and substrate temperature are very important. We also demonstrate the superconducting Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(2) epitaxial film is very stable in ambient conditions up to 512 days. Our results provide important insights for fabrication of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates towards future device applications.

关键词： nickelate superconductivity infinite-layer plasma condensate plume dynamics

Probing dark matter particles from evaporating primordial black holes via electron scattering in the CDEX-10 experiment

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 83-91页

作者： Zhenhua zhang Litao Yang Qian Yue Kejun Kang Yuanjing Li Haipeng An Greeshma C. Jianping Chang Yunhua Chen Jianping Cheng Wenhan Dai Zhi Deng Changhao Fang Xinping Geng Hui Gong Qiuju Guo Tao Guo Xuyuan Guo Li He Shengming He Jinwei Hu Hanxiong huang Tuchen huang Lin Jiang S.Karmakar Hau{3. Li Hanyu Li Jianmin Li Jin Li Qianyun Li Renmingjie Li xueqian Li Yulan Li Yifan Liang {3. Liao FongKay Lin ShinTed Lin Jiaxuan liu Shukui liu Yandong liu Yu liu Yuanyuan liu Hao Ma Yucai Mao Qiyuan Nie Jinhua Ning Hui Pan Ningchun Qi jie Ren Xichao Ruan Monoj Kumar Singh Tianxi Sun Changjian Tang Yang Tian Guangfu Wang Junzheng Wang Li Wang Qing Wang Yufeng Wang Yunxiang Wang Henry Tsz-King Wong Shiyong Wu Yucheng Wu Haoyang Xing Rui Xu Yin Xu Tao xue Yulu Yan Nan Yi Chunxu Yu Haijun Yu Jianfeng Yue Ming Zeng Zhi Zeng {3.gtao zhang Fengshou zhang lei zhang Zhenyu zhang Jizhong Zhao Kangkang Zhao Minggang Zhao Jifang Zhou Zuying Zhou Jingjun Zhu CDEX Collaboration Key laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Ministry of Education)and Department of Engineering physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of physics Academia SinicaTaipei 11529China NUCTECH Company Beijing 100084China YaLong River Hydropower Development Company Chengdu 610051China College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Nuclear physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear and Technology Sun Yet-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Department of physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China 不详

Dark matter(DM)is a major constituent of the ***,no definite evidence of DM particles(denoted as“χ”)has been found in DM direct detection(DD)experiments to *** is a novel concept of detectingχfrom evaporating primordial black holes(PBHs).We search forχemitted from PBHs by investigating their interaction with target *** examined PBH masses range from 1×10^(15)to 7×10^(16)g under the current limits of PBH abundance *** 205.4 kg·day data obtained from the CDEX-10 experiment conducted in the china Jinping Underground laboratory,we exclude theχ-electron(χ-e)elastic-scattering cross sectionσ_(χe)~5×10^(-29)cm^(2)forχwith a mass■keV from our *** the higher radiation background but lower energy threshold(160 eV),CDEX-10 fills a part of the gap in the previous ***(m_(χ),σ_(χe))can be determined in the future,DD experiments are expected to impose strong constraints on fPBHfor large MPBHs.

关键词： CDEX primordial black hole light dark matter particle dark matter-electron scattering high purity germanium detector

Multidisciplinary and multiscale nanoscience research roadmap based on large scientific facilities

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2497-2523页

作者： Yuan Zeng Shuhan zhang Yuecong Guo Yalin Cong Xu Ding Peihua Li Yunxiang Lin Wenzhi Ren Hui Su Weigang Sun liuxin Xu Guikai zhang Shihua Chen Yu Chen Weiren Cheng Shengqi Chu Yong Guan Jinru Han {3. Lin Heng{3. liu Zheyi liu Pan Luo Fanchun Meng Sicong Qiao Zongyin Song Ying Wang Zhao Wu Chenyu Yang Meng Yang Shirui Yang Zi Yin Zhibin Yin Pengjun zhang Hongyu zhang Pingping Zheng Jia Zhou Wanlin Zhou Pengfei An He Cheng Chunhai Fan Xingjiu huang Yong lei Lina Li Mu Li Qinghua liu Shuming Peng Li Song Zhihu Sun Yangchao Tian Fangjun Wang Lihua Wang Liming Wang Shiqiang Wei Aiguo Wu Chunlei Xiao xueming Yang Panchao Yin Jing zhang Mingxin zhang Yaling Wang Chunying Chen CAS Key laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China national Synchrotron Radiation laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Institute of Solid State physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Ningbo Key laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and ApplicationCAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesNingbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong laboratory Huizhou 516000China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China State Key laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key laboratory of Separation sciences for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China State Key laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China State Key laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001China State Key laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Acade

With the advancement of modern science and technology, large scientific facilities are increasingly oriented toward demand and application, and can be used for basic research as well as serving multiple disciplines. Developing large scientific facilities and related analytical technologies enhances understanding of large scientific facilities and popularizes their application in research across multiple disciplines. The combination of light or neutron sources from large scientific facilities and advanced analytical technologies can be achieved for materials structure information, dynamics study of chemical reactions, high dissociation of biomolecules, 3. visualization of energy materials or biological samples, etc. We first introduce the progress of domestic large scientific facilities of synchrotron radiation(SR) and free electron lasers(FELs) with different wavelengths and neutron *** further discuss the comparison between chinese and typical foreign facilities in X-ray radiation from X-ray tubes, synchrotrons, X-ray FELs, and neutron sources based on physical parameters of light and neutron sources. In addition, we focus on the technological progress and perspectives combined with advanced X-ray radiation and neutron sources of large scientific facilities in {3., especially in the nanoscience fields of energy catalysis and biological science. We hope that this roadmap will provide references on technology and methods to experimental users, as well as prospects for future development of technologies based on large research infrastructure facilities. Comprehensive studies and guidelines for basic research to practical application in various disciplines can be made with the assistance of large scientific facilities.

关键词： large scientific facilities synchrotron radiation FEL light sources neutron sources spectroscopic analysis methods X-ray imaging techniques structural information chemical dynamics

Characteristics of plasma jet in laser driven magnetic reconnections

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Characteristics of plasma jet in laser driven magnetic recon...

FPGA and computer-vision-based atom tracking technology for scanning probe microscopy

第十五届全国等离子体科学技术会议

作者： Xun liu1,~,Yutong Li1,+,Jiayong Zhong2,Quanli Dong1,Shoujun Wang1,lei zhang1,Jianqiang Zhu3.Gang Zhao2 and {3. zhang1,4,+ 1 beijing national laboratory for condensed matter physics,Institute of physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china, 2 Key laboratory of Optical Astronomy,national Astronomical Observatories,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100012,china, 3.national laboratory on High Power Lasers and physics,Shanghai,201800,china, 4 Key laboratory for Laser Plasmas(Ministry of Education) and Department of physics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,china.

The jet driven by magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma interactions is investigated *** diagnostics in the optical and x-ray ranges provide detailed information about the jet *** plasma jets perpendicular to and alon... 详细信息

关键词： laboratory astrophysics jet magnetic reconnection laser-plasma

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chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 76-85页

作者：俞风度刘利王肃珂张新彪雷乐黄远志马瑞松郇庆 beijing national laboratory for {3. matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China ACME (beijing) Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China Key laboratory for Vacuum physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Atom tracking technology enhanced with innovative algorithms has been implemented in this study,utilizing a comprehensive suite of controllers and software independently developed *** an on-board field-programmable gate array(FPGA)with a core frequency of 100 MHz,our system facilitates reading and writing operations across 16 channels,performing discrete incremental proportional-integral-derivative(PID)calculations within 3.4 *** upon this foundation,gradient and extremum algorithms are further integrated,incorporating circular and spiral scanning modes with a horizontal movement accuracy of 0.3. *** integration enhances the real-time performance and significantly increases the accuracy of atom *** tracking achieves an equivalent precision of at least 142 pm on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)surface under room temperature atmospheric *** applying computer vision and image processing algorithms,atom tracking can be used when scanning a large *** techniques primarily consist of two algorithms:the region of interest(ROI)-based feature matching algorithm,which achieves 97.92%accuracy,and the feature description-based matching algorithm,with an impressive 99.99%*** implementation approaches have been tested for scanner drift measurements,and these technologies are scalable and applicable in various domains of scanning probe microscopy with broad application prospects in the field of nanoengineering.

关键词： atom tracking FPGA computer vision drift measurement

Experimental observation of Fermi-level flat band in novel kagome metal CeNi_(5)

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chinese physics B 2024年第8期33卷 467-472页

作者：陈学智王乐张帅张任杰程以伟胡裕栋孟承诺刘正太吕佰晴黄耀波 Shanghai Institute of Applied physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China International Quantum academy Shenzhen 518048China Institute of Theoretical physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China beijing national laboratory for {3. matter physics and Institute of physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

Kagome materials are a class of material with a lattice structure composed of corner-sharing triangles that produce various exotic electronic phenomena,such as Dirac fermions,van Hove singularities,and flat ***,most of the known kagome materials have a flat band detached from the Fermi energy,which limits the investigation of the emergent flat band *** this work,by combining soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES)and the first-principles calculations,the electronic structure is investigated of a novel kagome metal CeNi_(5) with a clear dispersion along the kz direction and a Fermi level flat band in theΓ–K–M–Γ***,resonant ARPES experimental results indicate that the valence state of Ce ions is close to 4^(+),which is consistent with the transport measurement *** results demonstrate the unique electronic properties of CeNi_(5) as a new kagome metal and provide an ideal platform for exploring the flat band physics and the interactions between different types of flat bands by tuning the valence state of Ce ions.

关键词： ARPES kagome lattice band structure flat band

Roadmap for rechargeable batteries:present and beyond

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 13-42页

作者： Sen Xin Xu zhang Lin Wang Haijun Yu Xin Chang Yu-Ming Zhao Qinghai Meng Pan Xu Chen-Zi Zhao Jiahang Chen Huichao Lu Xirui Kong Jiulin Wang Kai Chen Gang huang Xinbo zhang Yu Su Yao Xiao Shu-{3. Chou Shilin zhang Zaiping Guo Aobing Du Guang{3. Cui Gaojing Yang Qing Zhao liubing Dong Dong Zhou Feiyu Kang Hu Hong Chunyi Zhi Zhizhang Yuan Xianfeng Li Yifei Mo Yizhou Zhu Dongfang Yu Xincheng {3. Jianxiong Zhao Jiayi Wang Dong Su Yu-Guo Guo Qiang zhang Jun Chen Li-Jun Wan CAS Key laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China University of chinese academy of sciences.beijing 100049 China Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of EducationBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China beijing Key laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources College of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Department of Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChangchun 130022China Institute for Carbon Neutralization College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Frontiers Science Center for New Organic matter Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Division of Energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL)Dalian Institute of Chem

Rechargeable batteries currently hold the largest share of the electrochemical energy storage market,and they play a major role in the sustainable energy transition and industrial decarbonization to respond to global climate *** to the increased popularity of consumer electronics and electric vehicles,lithium-ion batteries have quickly become the most successful rechargeable batteries in the past three decades,yet growing demands in diversified application scenarios call for new types of rechargeable *** efforts are made to developing the next-generation post-Li-ion rechargeable batteries,which include,but are not limited to solid-state batteries,lithium–sulfur batteries,sodium-/potassium-ion batteries,organic batteries,magnesium-/zinc-ion batteries,aqueous batteries and flow *** the great achievements,challenges persist in precise understandings about the electrochemical reaction and charge transfer process,and optimal design of key materials and interfaces in a *** roadmap tends to provide an overview about the current research progress,key challenges and future prospects of various types of rechargeable *** computational methods for materials development,and characterization techniques will also be discussed as they play an important role in battery research.

关键词： energy storage rechargeable batteries battery materials electrochemistry

Superconducting state in Ba_((1-x)) Sr_(x)Ni_(2)As_(2) near the quantum critical point

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chinese physics B 2024年第6期33卷 488-493页

作者：余承峰张宗源宋林兴吴彦玮袁小秋侯杰涂玉兵侯兴元李世亮单磊 Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials(Anhui University) Ministry of EducationHefei 230601China beijing national laboratory for {3. matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials laboratory Dongguan 523808China

In the phase diagram of the nickel-based superconductor Ba_(1-x)Sr_(x)Ni_(2)As_(2),T_(C) has been found to be enhanced sixfold near the quantum critical point(QCP) x=0.71 compared with the parent ***,the mechanism is still under ***,we report a detailed investigation of the superconducting properties near the QCP(x≈0.7) by utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy and *** temperature-dependent superconducting gap and magnetic vortex state were obtained and analyzed in the framework of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer *** ideal isotropic s-wave superconducting gap excludes the long-speculated nematic fluctuations while preferring strong electron-phonon coupling as the mechanism for T_(C) enhancement near the *** lower than expected gap ratio of Δ/(k_(B) T_(C)) is rooted in the fact that Ba_(1-x)Sr_(x)Ni_(2)As_(2) falls into the dirty limit with a serious pair breaking effect similar to the parent compound.

关键词： nickel-based superconductor electron–phonon coupling dirty limit scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy