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Efficacy of invisible advancement correction for mandibular retraction in adolescents based on Pancherz analysis

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1299-1309页

作者： lei kong Xin-Qiang Liu Department of Stomatology and Orthodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266003Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Stomatology Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266003Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Mandibular retraction is the main etiological mechanism of class II malocclusion in China and the subsequent distal molar relationship can cause functional discomfort in mastication,breathing and the temporomandibular joint.The use of mandibular advancement(MA)devices has recently emerged as an adolescent mandibular retraction treatment;however,current studies regarding the effect thereof are relatively few,and there is lack of sufficient clinical support.AIM To investigate the clinical effect of invisalign MA on the treatment of mandibular retraction in adolescents.METHODS This study included 30 adolescent patients who underwent treatment with the MA appliances from December 2017 to June 2021.The lateral cephalometric data before and after treatment were collected and imported into Dolphin Imaging software.The changes were measured by linear measurement superimposed with lateral cephalometric trajectory based on the Pancherz technology.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the length and position of maxilla before and after the treatment.The position of the mandible moved 3.13 mm,the length increased 4.14 mm,the mandibular ramus length increased 4.09 mm,the body length increased 4.25 mm,and the position of the condyle moved 1.03 mm forward after treatment.Additionally,changes in the incisor sagittal position and labial inclination were observed.The position of the upper incisor point moved back 1.33 mm,without statistical difference,the inclination and tooth angle decreased by 3.44°and 4.06°,respectively;the position of the lower incisor point was moved 2.98 mm,and the inclination and tooth angle increased by 2.62°and 1.23°,respectively.Furthermore,changes in the incisor overjet and molar relationship were seen.Overjet decreased by 4.31 mm,of which 1.78 mm was due to dental factors,accounting for 41.3%of the effect as opposed to 58.7%due to skeletal factors.Molar relationship improved 3.87 mm,with 1.34 mm due to dental factors,and dental and skeletal factors were accounted for 34.6%and 65.4%o

关键词： Mandibular retraction Adolescent Pancherz technology Functional correction Invisible appliance Mandibular advancement

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ADSC-Exos outperform BMSC-Exos in alleviating hydrostatic pressure-induced injury to retinal ganglion cells by upregulating nerve growth factors

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第12期15卷 1077-1092页

作者： Zhi-Kun Zheng lei kong Min Dai Yi-Dan Chen Yan-Hua Chen Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University/Yunnan Eye HospitalKunming 650021Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have protective effects on the cornea,lacrimal gland,retina,and photoreceptor cell damage,which may be mediated by exosomes(exos)released by MSCs.AIM To investigate the ameliorating effect of exos derived from different MSCs on retinal ganglion cell(RGC)injury induced by hydrostatic pressure.METHODS The RGC injury model was constructed by RGC damage under different hydrostatic pressures(40,80,120 mmHg).Then RGCs were cultured with adipose-derived stem cell(ADSC)-Exos and bone marrow-derived stem cell(BMSC)-Exos.Cell Counting Kit-8,transmission electron microscopy,flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and western blotting were performed to detect the ameliorating effect of exos on pressure-induced RGC injury.RESULTS ADSC-Exos and BMSC-Exos were successfully isolated and obtained.The gibbosity of RGCs was lower,the cells were irregularly ellipsoidal under pressure,and the addition of ADSC-Exos and BMSC-Exos significantly restored RGC morphology.Furthermore,the proliferative activity of RGCs was increased and the apoptosis of RGCs was inhibited.Moreover,the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and apoptosis-related proteins were increased,and the concentrations of antiapoptotic proteins and neurotrophic factors were decreased in damaged RGCs.However,the above indicators were significantly improved after ADSC Exos and BMSC-Exos treatment.CONCLUSION These findings indicated that ADSC-Exos and BMSC-Exos could ameliorate RGC injury caused by hydrostatic pressure by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing the secretion of neurotrophic factors.

关键词： Adipose-derived stem cells Bone marrow-derived stem cells Exosomes Glaucoma

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生成式人工智能在外语专业教学中的应用:以《大学思辨英语教程·精读》教学为例

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外语教育研究前沿 2024年第1期7卷 11-18,90页

作者：孔蕾曲阜师范大学

本研究探讨以大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)为代表的生成式人工智能在外语专业教学中的应用。研究以《大学思辨英语教程·精读》教学为例,考察生成式人工智能的普及应用对教学内容和教学模式产生的影响;研究还通过典型案例,展... 详细信息

本研究探讨以大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)为代表的生成式人工智能在外语专业教学中的应用。研究以《大学思辨英语教程·精读》教学为例,考察生成式人工智能的普及应用对教学内容和教学模式产生的影响;研究还通过典型案例,展示LLMs在教学中的应用场景,探讨其潜在应用价值。研究认为,大语言模型作为教师和学生之外的智能实体参与外语教学,正潜在地改变着教育格局。外语教育需要与时俱进,建构多种智能技术支持的新型教育框架。

关键词：大语言模型外语教学教学内容与教学组织方式应用场景

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Real-world emission characteristics of carbonyl compounds from agricultural machines based on a portable emission measurement system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 846-859页

作者： Wenhan Yu Xianbao Shen BoboWu lei kong Kaijie Xuan Cheng Zhao Xinyue Cao Xuewei Hao Xin Li Hanyu Zhang Zhiliang Yao School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Emissions of carbonyl compounds from agricultural machines cannot be ignored.Carbonyl compounds can cause the formation of ozone(O3)and secondary organic aerosols,which can cause photochemical smog to form.In this study,20 agricultural machines were tested using portable emission measurement system(PEMS)under real-world tillage processes.The exhaust gases were sampled using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine cartridges,and 15 carbonyl compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.Carbonyl compound emission factors for agricultural machines were 51.14–3315.62 mg/(kg-fuel),and were 2.58±2.05,0.86±1.07 and 0.29±0.20 g/(kg-fuel)for China 0,China II and China III emission standards,respectively.Carbonyl compound emission factor for sowing seeds of China 0 agricultural machines was 3.32±1.73 g/(kg-fuel).Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde and acrolein were the dominant carbonyl compounds emitted.Differences in emission standards and tillage processes impact ozone formation potential(OFP).The mean OFP was 20.15±16.15 g O3/(kg-fuel)for the China 0 emission standard.The OFP values decreased by 66.9% from China 0 to China II,and 67.4%from China II to China III.The mean OFP for sowing seeds of China 0 agricultural machines was 25.92±13.84 g O3/(kg-fuel).Between 1.75 and 24.22 times more ozone was found to be formed during sowing seeds than during other processes for China 0 and China II agricultural machines.Total carbonyl compound emissions from agricultural machines in China was 19.23 Gg in 2019.The results improve our understanding of carbonyl compound emissions from agricultural machines in China.

关键词： Agricultural machines Carbonyl compounds Emission characteristics Tillage process PEMS

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CGPS:A machine learning-based approach integrating multiple gene set analysis tools for better prioritization of biologically relevant pathways

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第9期45卷 489-504页

作者： Chen Ai lei kong Center for Bioinformatics State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University

Gene set enrichment（GSE） analyses play an important role in the interpretation of large-scale transcriptome datasets. Multiple GSE tools can be integrated into a single method as obtaining optimal results is challenging due to the plethora of GSE tools and their discrepant performances. Several existing ensemble methods lead to different scores in sorting pathways as integrated results; furthermore, it is difficult for users to choose a single ensemble score to obtain optimal final results. Here, we develop an ensemble method using a machine learning approach called Combined Gene set analysis incorporating Prioritization and Sensitivity（CGPS） that integrates the results provided by nine prominent GSE tools into a single ensemble score（R score） to sort pathways as integrated results. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, CGPS is the first GSE ensemble method built based on a priori knowledge of pathways and phenotypes. Compared with 10 widely used individual methods and five types of ensemble scores from two ensemble methods, we demonstrate that sorting pathways based on the R score can better prioritize relevant pathways, as established by an evaluation of 120 simulated datasets and 45 real datasets.Additionally, CGPS is applied to expression data involving the drug panobinostat, which is an anticancer treatment against multiple myeloma. The results identify cell processes associated with cancer, such as the p53 signaling pathway（hsa04115）; by contrast, according to two ensemble methods（EnrichmentBrowser and EGSEA）, this pathway has a rank higher than 20, which may cause users to miss the pathway in their analyses. We show that this method, which is based on a priori knowledge, can capture valuable biological information from numerous types of gene set collections, such as KEGG pathways, GO terms, Reactome, and BioCarta. CGPS is publicly available as a standalone source code at ftp：//***/pub/CGPS_download/cgps-1.***.0.***.gz.

关键词： Gene expression Differential expression Gene set enrichment Support vector machine

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The Impact of the Numbers of Monitoring Stations on the National and Regional Air Quality Assessment in China During 2013-18

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1709-1720页

作者： Hongyan LUO Xiao TANG Huangjian WU lei kong Qian WU Kai CAO Yating SONG Xuechun LUO Yao WANG Jiang ZHU Zifa WANG LAPC&ICCES Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

China national air quality monitoring network has become the core data source for air quality assessment and management in China.However,during network construction,the significant change in numbers of monitoring sites with time is easily ignored,which brings uncertainty to air quality assessments.This study aims to analyze the impact of change in numbers of stations on national and regional air quality assessments in China during 2013-18.The results indicate that the change in numbers of stations has different impacts on fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone concentration assessments.The increasing number of sites makes the estimated national and regional PM_(2.5) concentration slightly lower by 0.6−2.2μg m^(−3) and 1.4−6.0μg m^(−3) respectively from 2013 to 2018.The main reason is that over time,the monitoring network expands from the urban centers to the suburban areas with low population densities and pollutant emissions.For ozone,the increasing number of stations affects the long-term trends of the estimated concentration,especially the national trends,which changed from a slight upward trend to a downward trend in 2014−15.Besides,the impact of the increasing number of sites on ozone assessment exhibits a seasonal difference at the 0.05 significance level in that the added sites make the estimated concentration higher in winter and lower in summer.These results suggest that the change in numbers of monitoring sites is an important uncertainty factor in national and regional air quality assessments,that needs to be considered in long-term concentration assessment,trend analysis,and trend driving force analysis.

关键词： monitoring network newly added sites PM_(2.5) ozone

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Evaluation of the effect of wall boundary conditions on numerical simulations of circulating fluidized beds

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Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 114-123页

作者： lei kong Chao Zhang Jesse Zhu Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 5B9Canada Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 5B9Canada

A computational fluid dynamics （CFD） modeling of the gas-solids two-phase flow in a circulating fluidized bed （CFB） riser is carried out. The Eularian-Eularian method with the kinetic theory of granular flow is used to solve the gas-solids two-phase flow in the CFB riser. The wall boundary condition of the riser is defined based on the Johnson and Jackson wall boundary theory （Johnson ＆ Jackson, 1987） with specularity coefficient and particle-wall restitution coefficient.The numerical results show that these two coefficients in the wall boundary condition play a major role in the predicted solids lateral velocity, which affects the solid particle distribution in the CFB riser. And the effect of each of the two coefficients on the solids distribution also depends on the other one. The generality of the CFD model is further validated under different operatin~ conditions of the CFB riser.

关键词： CFD Circulating fluidized bed Gas-solids two-phase flowWall boundary conditionSpecularity coefficientParticle-wall restitution coefficient

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Investigating the Changes in Air Pollutant Emissions over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in February from 2014 to 2019 through an Inverse Emission Method

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第4期40卷 601-618页

作者： Xuechun LUO Xiao TANG Haoyue WANG lei kong Huangjian WU Weiguo WANG Yating SONG Hongyan LUO Yao WANG Jiang ZHU Zifa WANG School of Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China LAPC&ICCES Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

In recent years,China has implemented several measures to improve air quality.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region is one area that has suffered from the most serious air pollution in China and has undergone huge changes in air quality in the past few years.How to scientifically assess these change processes remain the key issue in further improving the air quality over this region in the future.To evaluate the changes in major air pollutant emissions over this region,this paper employs ensemble Kalman filtering(EnKF)for integrating the national ground monitoring pollutant observation data and the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System(NAQPMS)simulation data to inversely estimate the emission rates of SO_(2),NOX,CO,and primary PM_(2.5)over BTH region in February from 2014 to 2019.The results show that SO_(2),NOX,CO,and primary PM_(2.5)emissions in the BTH region decreased in February from 2014 to 2019 by 83%,37%,41%,and 42%,while decreases in Beijing during this period were 86%,67%,59%,and 65%,respectively.Compared with the prior emission inventory,the inversion emission inventory reduces the uncertainty of multi-pollutant simulation in the BTH region,with simulated root mean square errors of the monthly average concentrations of SO_(2),NOX,PM_(2.5),and CO reduced by 41%,30%,31%,and 22%,respectively.The average uncertainties of SO_(2),NOX,PM_(2.5),and CO inversion emissions in2014-19 are±14.03%yr^(-1),±28.91%yr^(-1),±126.15%yr^(-1),and±43.58%yr^(-1).Compared with the uncertainty of MEIC emission,the uncertainties of all species changed by+2%yr^(-1),-2%yr^(-1),-26%yr^(-1),and-4%yr^(-1),respectively.The spatial distribution results illustrate that air pollutant emissions are mainly distributed over the eastern and southern BTH regions.The spatial gap between the inversion emissions and MEIC emissions was further closed in 2019 compared to 2014.The results of this paper can provide a new reference for assessing changes in air pollution emissions over the BTH region in recent years and validating a bottom-up e

关键词： emission inversion emission trend air pollutants Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

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Variation characteristics of fine particulate matter and its components in diesel vehicle emission plumes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 138-149页

作者： Xianbao Shen Jiateng Hao lei kong Yue Shi Xinyue Cao Jiacheng Shi Zhiliang Yao Xin Li Bobo Wu Yiming Xu Kebin He State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

A rapid reaction occurs near the exhaust nozzle when vehicle emissions contact the air.Twenty diesel vehicles were studied using a new multipoint sampling system that is suitable for studying the exhaust plume near the exhaust nozzle.The variation characteristics of fine particle matter(PM_(2.5)) and its components in diesel vehicle exhaust plumes were analyzed.The PM_(2.5) emissions gradually increased with increasing distance from the nozzle in the plume.Elemental carbon emissions remained basically unchanged, organic carbon and total carbon(TC) increased with increasing distance.The concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-) and NH_(4)^(+) (SNA) directly emitted by the vehicles were very low but increased rapidly in the exhaust plume.The selective catalytic reduction(SCR) reduced 42.7% TC, 40% NO_(3)^(-) emissions, but increased 104% SO_(4)^(2-) and 36% NH_(4)^(+) emissions, respectively.In summary,the SCR reduced 29% primary PM_(2.5) emissions for the tested diesel vehicles.The NH_(4)NO_(3) particle formation maybe more important in the plume, and there maybe other forms of formation of NH_(4)^(+) (eg.NH4Cl).The generation of secondary organic carbon(SOC) plays a leading role in the generation of secondary PM_(2.5).The SCR enhanced the formation of SOC and SNA in the plume, but comprehensive analysis shows that the SCR more enhanced the SNA formation in the plume, which is mainly new particles formation process.The inconsistency between secondary organic aerosol(SOA) and primary organic aerosol definitions is one of the important reasons for the difference between SOA simulation and observation.

关键词： Variation characteristics Diesel vehicle Emission plume PM2.5 Components

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中国旅游景区碳排放特征的元分析

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第2期15卷 464-473页

作者：冯文静魏云洁孔磊刘敏华北京工商大学商学院北京100048 北京工业职业技术学院北京100042 北京工商大学经济学院北京100048 北京工商大学文化和旅游发展研究院北京100048

旅游业是推动经济发展的重要支柱,在“双碳”目标下,旅游碳排放量测算是减碳减排的基础,也是发展可持续旅游的前提。本文根据现有研究,使用元分析,基于2022年之前关于国内景区碳排放研究的相关数据,运用可视化方法、SPSS相关分析等,分... 详细信息

旅游业是推动经济发展的重要支柱,在“双碳”目标下,旅游碳排放量测算是减碳减排的基础,也是发展可持续旅游的前提。本文根据现有研究,使用元分析,基于2022年之前关于国内景区碳排放研究的相关数据,运用可视化方法、SPSS相关分析等,分析景区游客人均碳排放和景区其他变量之间的关系。结果表明:(1)以2010年为节点,随时间的推移,研究区数量和景区游客人均碳排放量呈上升趋势:2010年前景区的平均人均碳排放为23.47 kg人^(-1),2010年后升为55.29 kg人^(-1);(2)在不同类型的景区中,游客人均碳排放量大小排序为:自然类>混合类>人文类,其中,自然类景区的人均碳排放量为66.13 kg人^(-1);(3)对影响人均碳排放量的因素进行分析,发现游客人均碳排放量与景区面积之间存在显著的正相关关系,景区面积越大,人均碳排放量越大;(4)旅游线路中行程天数的增加会导致人均碳排放量的增加,不同客源地、宾馆类型和交通方式等也是影响人均碳排放量的因素。研究结果可为不同类型景区制定低碳发展策略提供依据。

关键词：旅游碳排放旅游景区元分析中国

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