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Irisin-loaded electrospun core-shell nanofibers as calvarial periosteum accelerate vascularized bone regeneration by activating the mitochondrial SIRT3 pathway

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 44-57页

作者： Xi Hua Mingzhuang Hou lei deng Nanning Lv Yong Xu Xuesong Zhu Huilin Yang Qin Shi Hao Liu Fan He Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Orthopaedic Institute Suzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China Department of Orthopedics Suzhou Wuzhong People’s HospitalSuzhouJiangsu Province 215128China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityLianyungang 222003China

The scarcity of native periosteum poses a significant clinical barrier in the repair of critical-sized bone defects.The challenge of enhancing regenerative potential in bone healing is further compounded by oxidative stress at the fracture site.However,the introduction of artificial periosteum has demonstrated its ability to promote bone regeneration through the provision of appropriate mechanical support and controlled release of proosteogenic factors.In this study,a poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)/hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanofibrous membrane was fabricated using the coaxial electrospinning technique.The incorporation of irisin into the core-shell structure of PLLA/HA nanofibers(PLLA/HA@Irisin)achieved its sustained release.In vitro experiments demonstrated that the PLLA/HA@Irisin membranes exhibited favorable biocompatibility.The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs)was improved by PLLA/HA@Irisin,as evidenced by a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization.Mechanistically,PLLA/HA@Irisin significantly enhanced the mitochondrial function of BMMSCs via the activation of the sirtuin 3 antioxidant pathway.To assess the therapeutic effectiveness,PLLA/HA@Irisin membranes were implanted in situ into critical-sized calvarial defects in rats.The results at 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery indicated that the implantation of PLLA/HA@Irisin exhibited superior efficacy in promoting vascularized bone formation,as demonstrated by the enhancement of bone matrix synthesis and the development of new blood vessels.The results of our study indicate that the electrospun PLLA/HA@Irisin nanofibers possess characteristics of a biomimetic periosteum,showing potential for effectively treating critical-sized bone defects by improving the mitochondrial function and maintaining redox homeostasis of BMMSCs.

关键词： periosteum irisin mitochondrial function critical-sized bone defect redox homeostasis

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Enhanced electrochemical performance of nanoscale single crystal NMC811 modification by coating LiNbO_(3)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 514-518页

作者： Fengyu Zhang Yali Liang Zhangran Ye lei deng Yunna Guo Ping Qiu Peng Jia Qiaobao Zhang Liqiang Zhang Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum BeijingBeijing 102249China Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Single crystallization is an important strategy to resolve intergranular cracks and unnecessary side reactions with electrolytes in layered transition metal oxide cathodes LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811).Due to the limitations of high-temperature sintering and multi-step calcination,single crystal NMC811 generally shows irregular particles with a size of 2-3μm.However,the prolonged Li-ion diffusion pathway and the stress generated by the uneven de-/intercalation sluggish Li-ion diffusion kinetics,what is more,cause structural damage such as intragranular cracks.A slow Li extraction rate or particle size reduction will ameliorate the structural damage and improve the cycling stability.As the most promising cathodes for next-generation power batteries,NMC811 required fast charge performance and cycle stability.Particle size reduction appears to be the displacement option.Nanonization is an effective strategy to mitigate intragranular cracks of single crystal NMC811.However,the serious aggregation and increased specific surface area become new challenges.In this article,we synthesized monodisperse nanoscale single crystal NMC811 by molten salt method and modified the surface by LiNbO3 coating.The electrochemical performance shows that nanoscale single crystal NMC811 has faster kinetic and higher capacity retention,so the strategy of combining nanonization and surface coating is an alternative way to prepare high specific capacity and cycle stable single crystal NMC811.

关键词： Ni-rich NMC811 Molten salt method Nanonization Surface coating Micron cracks

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Molecularly engineered lignin to polyphenol via organocatalysis as an active sunscreen ingredient

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 197-210页

作者： Yuanlong Guo Pengcheng Liu lei deng Changwei Lui Michael North Gang Hu Qitian Huang Zongbao Kent Zhao Haibo Xie Department of Polymeric Materials&Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China KZJ New Materials Group Guizhou Co.Ltd. Guizhou 551200China Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Phenolation is one of the effective strategies to synthesize lignin-based polyphenols,improve lignin’s properties,and extend its value-added applications in biological,medicinal and cosmetic fields.Herein,by taking the structural feature advantage of lignin,an effective and green strategy was developed to molecularly engineer lignin into a robust lignin-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate ester(LPPE)derivative via a transesterification reaction between 3,4-dihydrocoumarin(DHC)and the aliphatic hydroxyls in lignin under organocatalysis.The strategy is optimized and the novel derivative was systematically characterized by ^(1)H,^(13)C and ^(31)P nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy.The findings indicated that the successful introduction of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate groups using a OH groups/DHC/organic base mo-lar ratio of 1꞉1꞉0.3 at 120℃ for 6 h increased the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups from 1.7931 to 3.0179 mmol/g,and the LPPE exhibited excellent ultraviolet-absorbing and antioxidant per-formance with up to 90%free radical scavenging activity within 20 min using 5 mg/mL of LPPE.In addition,good biocompatibility and a high Sun protection factor(SPF)value of 40.9 were achieved at 5%(w)dosage of LPPE in the cream,indicating its significant application potential in sunscreen.

关键词： Phenolation of lignin Organocatalysis 3,4-dihydrocoumarin Antioxidant Sunscreen cream

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Preparation of tungsten-particle-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites by two-step spark plasma sintering:microstructure evolution,densification mechanism and mechanical properties

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1793-1808页

作者： Yun-Fei Ma Pan Gong Mao Zhang Hui-E.Hu Zhen Peng Xiao Xu Xin Wang Mehdi Malekan Xue-Feng Tang lei deng Jun-Song Jin Xin-Yun Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen Department of Chemistry and Materials Naval University of Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University College of Machine Shanghai Dianji University School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran

A new two-step spark plasma sintering(TSS)process with low-temperature pre-sintering and high-temperature final sintering has been successfully applied to prepare the tungsten-particle(Wp)-reinforced bulk metallic glass composites(Wp/BMGCs).Compared to normal spark plasma sintering(NS),the densification rate and relative density of Wp/BMGCs can be improved by selecting TSS with appropriate sintering pressure in the low temperature pre-sintering stage.However,the compressive strength and plastic strain of 30%Wp/BMGCs prepared by TSS are both higher than those of the samples prepared by NS.The TSS process can significantly enhance the compressive strength of 30%Wp/BMGCs by 12% and remarkably increase the plastic strain by 50%,while the trend is completely opposite for 50%Wp/BMGCs.Quasi-in situ experiments and finite element simulations reveal that uneven temperature distribution among particles during low-temperature pre-sintering causes local overheating at contact points between particles,accelerating formation of sintering neck between particles and plastic deformation of Wp.When the volume fraction of Wp is low,TSS can improve the interface bonding between particles by increasing the number of sintering necks.This makes the fracture mode of Wp/BMGCs being predominantly transgranular fracture.However,as the volume fraction of Wp increases,the adverse effects of Wp plastic deformation are becoming more and more prominent.The aggregated Wp tends to form a solid "cage structure" that hinders the bonding between particles at the interface;correspondingly,the fracture behavior of Wp/BMGCs is mainly dominated by intergranular fracture.Additionally,reducing the sintering pressure during the low-temperature pre-sintering stage of TSS has been shown to effectively decrease plastic deformation in Wp,resulting in a higher degree of densification and better mechanical properties.

关键词： Bulk metallic glass composites Tungsten particle Two-step spark plasma sintering Densification mechanism Mechanical properties

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Tomato CYP94C1 inactivates bioactive JA-lle to attenuate jasmonate-mediated defense during fruit ripening

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 509-512页

作者： Tianxia Yang lei deng Qinyang Wang Chuanlong Sun Muhammad Ali Fangming Wu Huawei Zhaj Qian Xu Peiyong Xin Shujing Cheng Jinfang Chu Tingting Huang Chang-Bao Li Chuanyou Li Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China Taishan Academy of Tomato Innovation Tai'an 271018China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China Institute of Vegetable Qingdao Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China) Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBejing 100097China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding(MOE) Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Dear Editor,Fruit rot caused by necrotrophic pathogens results in substantial reductions in fruit yield and revenues worldwide(Petrasch et al.,2019).A widespread phenomenon in fleshy fruit species is the susceptibility of ripe fruits to necrotrophs(Silva et al.,2021),which facilitates seed dispersal(Forlani et al.,2019)but causes severe post-harvest losses in production.As most of the nutritional and sensory qualities of fruits are elaborated at the ripening stage(Liu et al.,2015),balancing fruit ripening and pathogen resistance to maintain fruit quality has proven to be challenging.A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility of fruits to necrotrophs during ripening could lead to new strategies for producing necrotrophy-resistant fruits without compromising ripening-relatedquality.

关键词： susceptibility maintain fruit

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Pursuing the goal of carbon neutrality in China:path for realization of carbon sequestration in planted forests

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 355-366页

作者： lei deng Haitao HU Jiwei LI Xue LI Chunbo HUANG Zhijing YU Hailong ZHANG Qing QU Xiaozhen WANG Lingbo DONG Zhouping SHANGGUAN State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation) Northwest A&F University Shaanxi Forestry Survey and Planning Institute College of Landscape Architecture Northeast Forestry University Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of Geosciences

Tree plantations are an important forest resource that substantively contributes to climate change mitigation and carbon sequestration. As the area and standing volume of tree plantations in China have increased, issues such as unreasonable structure, low productivity, limited ecological functionality and diminishing ecological stability have occurred, which hinder the ability of tree plantations to enhance carbon sequestration. This study outlined the trajectory of carbon sequestration and its associated benefits in tree plantations by examining the current state of tree plantation establishment and growth, elucidated the strategies for advantages of carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation in planted forests, and summarized the existing problems with tree plantations. This paper underscores the pressing need for concerted efforts to boost carbon sequestration within planted forests and proposes management and development strategies for Chinese tree plantations. In the future, it will be necessary to apply scientific theories to practice and develop multi-objective management optimization models for the high-quality development of tree plantations. This will involve establishing a cohesive national carbon trading market, improving the prediction of carbon sequestration, and identifying priority zones for afforestation and reforestation, to better serve China's national strategy for achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality.

关键词： Planted forest carbon stock carbon sequestration carbon management climate change promotion path

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Large-scale self-normalizing neural networks

Journal of Automation and Intelligence

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Journal of Automation and Intelligence 2024年第2期3卷 101-110页

作者： Zhaodong Chen Weiqin Zhao lei deng Yufei Ding Qinghao Wen Guoqi Li Yuan Xie University of California Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106CAUnited States University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077China Tsinghua University Beijing100084China University of California San DiegoSan Diego92093CAUnited States University of Sydney Sydney2006Australia Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100190China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong999077China

Self-normalizing neural networks(SNN)regulate the activation and gradient flows through activation functions with the self-normalization property.As SNNs do not rely on norms computed from minibatches,they are more friendly to data parallelism,kernel fusion,and emerging architectures such as ReRAM-based accelerators.However,existing SNNs have mainly demonstrated their effectiveness on toy datasets and fall short in accuracy when dealing with large-scale tasks like ImageNet.They lack the strong normalization,regularization,and expression power required for wider,deeper models and larger-scale tasks.To enhance the normalization strength,this paper introduces a comprehensive and practical definition of the self-normalization property in terms of the stability and attractiveness of the statistical fixed points.It is comprehensive as it jointly considers all the fixed points used by existing studies:the first and second moment of forward activation and the expected Frobenius norm of backward gradient.The practicality comes from the analytical equations provided by our paper to assess the stability and attractiveness of each fixed point,which are derived from theoretical analysis of the forward and backward signals.The proposed definition is applied to a meta activation function inspired by prior research,leading to a stronger self-normalizing activation function named‘‘bi-scaled exponential linear unit with backward standardized’’(bSELU-BSTD).We provide both theoretical and empirical evidence to show that it is superior to existing studies.To enhance the regularization and expression power,we further propose scaled-Mixup and channel-wise scale&shift.With these three techniques,our approach achieves 75.23%top-1 accuracy on the ImageNet with Conv MobileNet V1,surpassing the performance of existing self-normalizing activation functions.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first SNN that achieves comparable accuracy to batch normalization on ImageNet.

关键词： Self-normalizing neural network Mean-field theory Block dynamical isometry Activation function

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Metarelation2vec:A Metapath-Free Scalable Representation Learning Model for Heterogeneous Networks

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 553-575页

作者： lei Chen Yuan Li Yong lei Xingye deng School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Metapaths with specific complex semantics are critical to learning diverse semantic and structural information of heterogeneous networks(HNs)for most of the existing representation learning models.However,any metapaths consisting of multiple,simple metarelations must be driven by domain experts.These sensitive,expensive,and limited metapaths severely reduce the flexibility and scalability of the existing models.A metapath-free,scalable representation learning model,called Metarelation2vec,is proposed for HNs with biased joint learning of all metarelations in a bid to address this problem.Specifically,a metarelation-aware,biased walk strategy is first designed to obtain better training samples by using autogenerating cooperation probabilities for all metarelations rather than using expert-given metapaths.Thereafter,grouped nodes by the type,a common and shallow skip-gram model is used to separately learn structural proximity for each node type.Next,grouped links by the type,a novel and shallow model is used to separately learn the semantic proximity for each link type.Finally,supervised by the cooperation probabilities of all meta-words,the biased training samples are thrown into the shallow models to jointly learn the structural and semantic information in the HNs,ensuring the accuracy and scalability of the models.Extensive experimental results on three tasks and four open datasets demonstrate the advantages of our proposed model.

关键词： metarelation random walk heterogeneous network metapath representation learning

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Effectiveness and safety of combined nimotuzumab and S-1 chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer in malnourished and elderly patients:A prospective phase Ⅱ study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第3期36卷 270-281页

作者： Guojie Feng Jiao Li Nuo Yu Ziyu Zheng Xiongtao Yang lei deng Tao Zhang Wenqing Wang Wenyang Liu Jianyang Wang Qinfu Feng Jima Lyu Zefen Xiao Zongmei Zhou Nan Bi Jianjun Qin Xin Wang Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Objective: Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT) is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. However, this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity, and most malnourished or elderly patients are unable to complete this therapy. Therefore, there is a need for a more suitable radiotherapy combination regimen for this population. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen comprising chemotherapy with nimotuzumab and S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy for patients with fragile locally advanced esophageal cancer with a high Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002) score.Methods: Eligible patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma who had an NRS-2002 score of 2 or higher were enrolled. They were treated with S-1 and nimotuzumab with concurrent radiotherapy, followed by surgery or definitive radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the locoregional control(LRC) rate.Results: A total of 55 patients who met the study criteria were enrolled. After completion of treatment, surgery was performed in 15 patients and radiotherapy was continued in 40 patients. The median follow-up period was 33.3[95% confidence interval(95% CI), 31.4-35.1)] months. The LRC rate was 77.2%(95% CI, 66.6%-89.4%) at 1 year in the entire population. The overall survival(OS) rate and event-free survival(EFS) rate were 57.5% and 51.5% at 3 years, respectively. Surgery was associated with better LRC [hazard ratio(HR)=0.16; 95% CI,0.04-0.70; P=0.015], OS(HR=0.19; 95% CI, 0.04-0.80; P=0.024), and EFS(HR=0.25; 95% CI, 0.08-0.75;P=0.013). Most adverse events were of grade 1 or 2, and no severe adverse events occurred.Conclusions: For malnourished or elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, radiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab and S-1 is effective and has a good safety profile.

关键词： Esophageal carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma nutritional risk score nimotuzumab S-1 definitive chemoradiotherapy

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Neural network study of the nuclear ground-state spin distribution within a random interaction ensemble

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 216-227页

作者： deng Liu Alam Noor A Zhen-Zhen Qin Yang lei School of Mathematics and Physics Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China

The distribution of the nuclear ground-state spin in a two-body random ensemble(TBRE)was studied using a general classification neural network(NN)model with two-body interaction matrix elements as input features and the corresponding ground-state spins as labels or output predictions.The quantum many-body system problem exceeds the capability of our optimized NNs in terms of accurately predicting the ground-state spin of each sample within the TBRE.However,our NN model effectively captured the statistical properties of the ground-state spin because it learned the empirical regularity of the ground-state spin distribution in TBRE,as discovered by physicists.

关键词： Neural network Two-body random ensemble Spin distribution of nuclear ground state

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