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Waste fly ash-ZnO as a novel sunlight-responsive photocatalyst for dye discoloration

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 76-82页

作者： leena v.bora Sonal P.Thakkar Kevin S.vadaliya Nisha v.bora Nirma University AhmedabadGujarat 382481India Government Engineering College ModasaGujarat 383315India

Treating waste with a waste material using freely available solar energy is the most effective way towards sustainable *** this study,a novel photocatalyst,partly derived from waste material from the coal industry,was *** ash hybridized with ZnO(FAeZn)was synthesized as a potential photocatalyst for dye *** synthesized photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and ultravioletevisible/near infra-red *** photocatalytic activity was examined with the discoloration of methylene blue used as synthetic dye *** the experiments were performed in direct *** photocatalytic performance of FAeZn was found to be better than that of ZnO and the conventionally popular *** LangmuireHinshelwood model rate constant values of ZnO,TiO2,and FAeZn were found to be 0.016 min1,0.017 min1,and 0.020 min1,*** were two reasons for this:(1)FAeZn was able to utilize both ultraviolet and visible parts of the solar spectrum,and(2)its BrunauereEmmetteTeller surface area and porosity were significantly *** led to increased photon absorption and dye adsorption,thus exhibiting an energy-efficient ***,FAeZn,partly derived from waste,can serve as a suitable material for environmental remediation and practical solar energy applications.

关键词： Photocatalyst ZnO Fly ash Geopolymer Wastewater treatment Methylene blue

A Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model for Skin Cancer Diagnosis

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第5期37卷 233-245页

作者： v.vidya Lakshmi J.S.leena Jasmine Research Scholar Anna UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu600025India velammal Engineering college ChennaiTamil Nadu600066India

Melanoma or skin cancer is the most dangerous and deadliest *** the incidence and mortality rate of skin cancer increases worldwide,an automated skin cancer detection/classification system is required for early detection and prevention of skin *** this study,a Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model(HAIM)is designed for skin cancer *** uses diverse multi-directional representation systems for feature extraction and an efficient Exponentially Weighted and Heaped Multi-Layer Perceptron(EWHMLP)for the *** the wavelet transform is a powerful tool for signal and image processing,it is unable to detect the intermediate dimensional structures of a medical *** the proposed HAIM uses Curvelet(CurT),Contourlet(ConT)and Shearlet(SheT)transforms as feature extraction *** MLP is very flexible and well suitable for the classification problem,the learning of weights is a challenging ***,the optimization process does not converge,and the model may not be *** overcome these drawbacks,EWHMLP is *** show that the combined qualities of each transform in a hybrid approach provides an accuracy of 98.33%in a multi-class approach on PH2 database.

关键词： Skin cancer multi-directional systems curvelet contourlet shearlet multi-layer perceptron

Effects of the viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on rotavirus infection in neonatal rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5925-5931页

作者： Hanna ventola Liisa Lehtoranta Mari Madetoja Marja-leena Simonen-Tikka leena Maunula Merja Roivainen Riitta Korpela Reetta Holma Institute of Biomedicine PharmacologyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Toxis Ltd Oy Lemmink isenkatu 14-18 CFI-20520 TurkuFinland Intestinal viruses Unit National Institute for Health and WelfareFI-00271 HelsinkiFinland Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health University of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland

AIM:To study the effects of live and dead Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(GG) on rotavirus infection in a neonatal rat ***:At the age of 2 d,suckling Lewis rat pups were supplemented with either live or dead GG and the treatment was continued daily throughout the *** the age of 5 and 6 d the pups received oral rotavirus(Rv) SA-11 *** pups were sacrificed at the age of 7 or 8 d by *** gastrointestinal tract was removed and macroscopic observations were *** consistency of feces in the colon was classified using a four-tier *** was detected from the plasma,small intestine,colon and feces by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS:In this neonatal rat model,Rv induced a mild-to-moderate diarrhea in all except one pup of the Rv-inoculated *** moderately reduced body weight development from day 6 *** day 7,after 2 d of Rv infection,live and dead GG groups gained significantly more weight than the Rv group without probiotics [36%(P = 0.001) and 28%(P = 0.031),respectively].In addition,when compared with the Rv control group,both live and dead GG reduced the weight ratio of colon/animal body weight to the same level as in the healthy control group,with reductions of 22%(P = 0.002) and 28%(P verity in the GG groups were not statistically significantly different as compared with the Rv control ***,observed diarrhea did not provoke weight loss or *** Rv control group had the largest amount of Rv PCR-positive samples among the Rv-infected groups,and the live GG group had the smallest *** receiving live GG had significantly less Rv in the colon(P = 0.027) when compared with the Rv control *** GG was also more effective over dead GG in reducing the quantity of Rv from plasma(P = 0.047).CONCLUSION:Both live and dead GG have beneficial effects in Rv *** may

关键词： Diarrhea lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Neonatal rat Rotavirus viability

Repeated exposure of fluazinam fungicides affects gene expression profiles yet carries no costs on a nontarget pest

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1373-1386页

作者： Shahed Saifullah Aigi Margus Maaria Kankare leena Lindström Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Fungicides are used to control pathogenic fungi of crop species,but they have also been shown to alter behavioral,life history and fitness related traits of nontarget ***,we tested the fungicide effects on feeding behavior,survival and physiology of the nontarget pest insect,the Colorado potato beetle(CPB)(Leptinotarsa decemlineata).Feeding behavior was studied by a choice test of adult beetles,which were allowed to choose between a control and a fungicide(fluazinam)treated potato *** survival was recorded after 24 and 72 h exposure to control and fungicide-treated leaves with 2 different *** adults did not show fungicide avoidance ***,survival of the larvae was not affected by the exposure to ***,to understand the effects of fungicides at the physiological level(gene expression),we tested whether the larval exposure to fungicide alter the expression of 5 metabolic pathway and stress associated *** concentration and 72-h exposure caused upregulation of 1 cytochrome P450(CYP9Z14v2)and 1 insecticide resistance gene(Ldace1),whereas metabolic detoxification gene(Ugt1)was *** 24-h exposure,highest concentration caused downregulation of another common detoxification gene(Gs),while both exposure times to lowest concentration caused upregulation of the Hsp70 stress tolerance *** these overall effects,there was a considerable amount of variation among different families in the gene expression *** though the behavioral effects of the fungicide treatments were minor,the expression level differences of the studied genes indicate changes on the metabolic detoxifications and stress-related pathways.

关键词： behavior fluazinam gene expression Leptinotarsa decemlineata metabolic detoxification nontarget animal

Inflammation and immunosuppression in severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第23期16卷 2867-2872页

作者： Marja-leena Kylnp Heikki Repo Pauli Antero Puolakkainen Department of Surgery University of Helsinki Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Haartman InstituteUniversity of Helsinki

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is a common disease,which usually exists in its mild ***,in a fifth of cases,the disease is severe,with local pancreatic complications or systemic organ dysfunction or *** the development of organ failure is the major cause of death in AP,early identification of patients likely to develop organ failure is *** is initiated by intracellular activation of pancreatic proenzymes and autodigestion of the *** of the pancreatic parenchyma first induces an inflammatory reaction locally,but may lead to overwhelming systemic production of inflammatory mediators and early organ ***,anti-inflammatory cytokines and specific cytokine inhibitors are *** anti-inflammatory reaction may overcompensate and inhibit the immune response,rendering the host at risk of systemic *** present,there is no specific treatment for *** understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation and development of organ dysfunction may provide us with drugs to ameliorate physiological disturbances.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Organ failure Inflammatory response Immunosuppression Coagulation

Infliximab in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease rapidly decreases fecal calprotectin levels

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第47期17卷 5166-5171页

作者： Anssi Hmlinen Taina Sipponen Kaija-leena Kolho Hospital for Children and Adolescents Helsinki University Central Hospital University of Helsinki Division of Gastroenterology Helsinki University Central Hospital

AIM: To study the response to infliximab in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as reflected in fecal calprotectin levels. METHODS: Thirty-six pediatric patients with IBD [23 Crohn's disease (CD), 13 ulcerative colitis (UC); median age 14 years] were treated with infliximab. Fecal calprotectin was measured at baseline, and 2 and 6 wk after therapy, and compared to blood inflammatory markers. Maintenance medication was unaltered until the third infusion but glucocorticoids were tapered off if the patient was doing well. RESULTS: At introduction of infliximab, median fecal calprotectin level was 1150 μg/g (range 54-6032 μg/g). By week 2, the fecal calprotectin level had declined to amedian 261 μg/g (P vement in the fecal calprotectin level (median 345 μg/g). In 22% of the patients, fecal calprotectin levels increased by week 6 to pretreatment levels or above, suggesting no response (or a loss of early response). Thus, in CD, the proportion of non-responsive patients by week 6 seemed lower, because only 9% showed no improvement in their fecal calprotectin level when compared to the respective figure of 46% of the UC patients (P vels reflecting intestinal inflammation normalized rapidly in one third of pediatric patients suggesting complete mucosal healing.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Surrogatemarkers Pediatrics Monoclonal antibodies Infliximab

New means to monitor the effect of glucocorticoid therapy in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1104-1109页

作者： Hanne Rintamki Harri M Salo Outi vaarala Kaija-leena Kolho Division of Gastroenterology Hospital for Children and AdolescentsUniversity of Helsinki Immune Response Unit Department of Vaccination and Immune ProtectionNational Institute for Health and Welfare

AIM:To study the individual effects of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy on the state ofimmune activation in patient ***:We developed a novel assay in which the effect of corticosteroid-treated patient serum on healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (target cells) was studied,with a panel of markers for effector [interferon (IFN)γ and interleukin (IL)-5] and regulatory T cells (FOXP3 and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor,GITR).The study group comprised 19 children with inflammatory bowel *** individual effect of patient serum on target cells was analyzed prior to GC therapy and 2 wk ***:The effect of GC therapy mediated by patient serum was seen as a decrease in the target cells expression of regulatory T-cell-related markers GITR (median suppression 24%,range of suppression 1%-63%,in 2 cases increase of 6% and 77%,P vated target cells) and FOXP3 (median suppression 33%,range of suppression 0%-79%,in one case an increase of 173%,P vated target cells,13 of the cases showed a decrease,P vidual level by studying the effect of patient serum on signaling pathways of target immune cells.

关键词： Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor FOXP3 Inflammatory bowel disease Children

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第23期16卷 2901-2906页

作者： Marianne Sidoroff Riitta Karikoski Taneli Raivio Erkki Savilahti Kaija-leena Kolho Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology Hospital for Children and AdolescentsUniversity of Helsinki Department of Pathology HUSLABHelsinki University Central Hospital

AIM:To study whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) measurement can aid the assessment of disease activity and glucocorticoid treatment in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:CRP levels were measured in 39 children with IBD undergoing colonoscopy [median age 12.8 years,Crohn's disease(CD) n=20],in 22 other children with IBD followed for acute response to glucocorticoids,and in 33 paediatric non-IBD *** standard CRP level was below detection limit(ve(median,0.2 mg/L,range,0.007-1.37,n=17) or quiescent(0.1 mg/L,0.01-1.89,n=8,P=NS) *** with ileocolonic CD had higher CRP levels(14mg/L,0.06-45,n=13) than patients with no ileal involvement(0.18 mg/L,0.01-9,n=7,Pve colitis(UC)(0.13 mg/L,0.007-23,Pve IBD treated with systemic glucocorticoids,the standard CRP was undetectable in 59% of the *** hs-CRP levels did not differ between patients that responded to steroid therapy and in ***:The measurement of hs-CRP did not prove useful in the assessment of disease activity or glucocorticoid treatment in paediatric IBD patients that had undetectable standard CRP.

关键词： C-reactive protein Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Children Inflammatory markers

Serum immune-activation potency and response to anti-TNF-α therapy in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5845-5851页

作者： Hanne Rintamki Taina Sipponen Harri M Salo Outi vaarala Kaija-leena Kolho Division of Gastroenterology Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Helsinki University Central HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHelsinki University Central HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Immune Response Unit Department of Vaccination and Immune ProtectionNational Institute for Health and Welfare

AIM:To study whether immune-activation stage in serum of adult Crohn's disease (CD) patients correlates with disease activity and with treatment response to antitumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ***:Serum samples were obtained from 15 adult CD patients introduced to anti-TNF-α *** individual stage of immune activation was studied applying our new in vitro assay,in which target cells (donor derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells) were cultured with patient serum and the T-cell activation induced by the patient serum was studied using a panel of markers for effector [interferon γ (IFNγ),interleukin (IL)-5] and regulatory T-cells [forkhead transcription factor 3 (FOXP3) and glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor (GITR)].The endoscopic disease activity was assessed with the Crohn's disease endoscopic index of severity (CDEIS) before and 3 mo after therapy with an anti-TNF-α ***:Low induction of FOXP3 and GITR in target cells cultured in the presence of patient serum was associated with high disease activity *** assessed before therapy (r=-0.621,P=0.013 and r=-0.625,P=0.013,respectively).FOXP3 expression correlated inversely with pre-treatment erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=-0.548,P=0.034).Low serum induced FOXP3 (r=-0.600,P=0.018) and GITR (r=-0.589,P=0.021) expression and low IFNγ secretion from target cells (r =-0.538,P=0.039) associated with treatment response detected as a decrease in ***:The immune-activation potency in the patient serum prior to anti-TNF-α therapy reflected intestinal inflammation and the therapeutic response.

关键词： Crohn’s disease endoscopic index of severity Forkhead transcription factor 3 Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor Infliximab Inflammatory bowel disease