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Enhance of TiO_2 dopants incorporated reduced graphene oxide via RF magnetron sputtering for efficient dye-sensitised solar cells

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Rare Metals 2018年第11期37卷 919-928页

作者： foo Wah Low Chin Wei Lai Kian Mun lee Joon Ching Juan Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre Institute Postgraduate Studies University of Malaya

In particular, the dye-sensitised solar cells(DSSCs) have a high potential in the rational energy conversion efficiency to secure our sustainable energy *** the present study, advanced radio frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering technique was applied to incorporate titanium dioxide(TiO) dopants into reduced graphene oxide(rGO) nanosheet for improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of DSSCs device. An optimum TiOcontent incorporated onto rGO nanosheet plays an important role in improving the PCE of DSSCs by minimising the recombination losses of photo-induced charge *** on the results obtained, 40-s sputtering duration for incorporating TiOdopants onto rGO nanosheet exhibits a maximum PCE of 8.78% than that of pure rGO film(0.68%). In fact, the presence of optimum content of TiOdopants within rGO nanosheet could act as mediators for efficient separation photo-induced charge carriers. However, the excessive of sputtering duration(e.g. 60 s) of TiOdopants onto rGO nanosheet results higher charge recombination and lowers the PCE of DSSCs(5.39%).

关键词： Dye-sensitised solar cell RF magnetron sputtering Titanium dioxide Reduced graphene oxide

Clinical outcomes of elderly South-East Asian patients in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST- elevation myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第10期13卷 830-835页

作者： Jieli Tong Wen Wei Xiang An Shing Ang Wen Jun Sim kien Hong Quah David foo Paul Jau Lueng Ong Hee Hwa Ho Department of Cardiology Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Clinical Research & Innovation Office Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of elderly South-East Asian patients undergoing primary pereutaneous coronary intervention （PPCI）. Methods From January 2009 to December 2012, 1268 patients （86.4% male, mean age of 58,4 ± 12.2 years） presented to our hospital for ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） and underwent PPCI. They were divided into two groups： elderly group defined as age _〉 70 years and non-elderly group defined as age 〈 70 years. Data were collected retrospectively on baseline clinical characteristics, door-to-balloon （D2B） time, angiographic findings, therapeutic modality and hospital course. Results The elderly group constituted 19% of the study population with mean age 76.6 ± 5.0 years. There was a higher proportion of female gender and ethnic Chinese patients in the elderly group when compared with the non-elderly group. The former was less likely to be smokers and have a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension. The mean D2B time was significantly longer in the elderly group. They also had a significantly higher incidence of triple vessel disease and obstructive left main disease. The use of radial artery access, glyeoprotein 2b/3a inhibitors and drug-eluting stents during PPCI were also significantly lower. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the elderly group. The rate of cardiogenic shock and inhospital complications were also significantly higher. Conclusions Our registry showed that in-hospital mortality rate in elderly South-East Asian patients undergoing PPCI for STEMI was high. Further studies into the optimal STEMI management strat- egy for these elderly patients are warranted.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Door-to-balloon time Percutaneous coronary intervention ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Evaluation of carbon-based nanosorbents synthesised by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel substrates as potential sequestrating materials for nickel ions in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1559-1568页

作者： X.J.lee L.Y.lee L.P.Y.foo D.G.Hassell Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia.

The present work covers the preparation of carbon-based nanosorbents by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel mesh without the use of external catalyst for the treatment of water containing nickel ions （Ni2＋）. The reaction temperature was varied from 650 to 850℃, while reaction time and ethylene to nitrogen flow ratio were maintained at 30 rain and 1：1 cma/min, respectively. Results show that nanosorbents synthesised at a reaction temperature of 650℃ had the smallest average diameter （75 nm）, largest BET surface area （68.95 m2/g） and least amount of impurity （0.98 wt.% Fe）. A series of batch sorption tests were performed to evaluate the effects of initial pH, initial metal concentration and contact time on Ni2~ removal by the nanosorbents. The equilibrium data fitted well to Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic data were best correlated to a pseudo second-order model indicating that the process was of chemisorption type. Further analysis by the Boyd kinetic model revealed that boundary layer diffusion was the controlling step. This primary study suggests that the prepared material with Freundiich constants compared well with those in the literature, is a promising sorbent for the sequestration of Ni2＋ in aqueous solutions.

关键词： adsorption nanosorbent nickel ions isotherms kinetics

Advances of macroalgae biomass for the third generation of bioethanol production

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 502-517页

作者： Inn Shi Tan Man Kee Lam Henry Chee Yew foo Steven Lim Keat Teong lee Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin UniversitySarawak Campus CDT 25098009 MiriSarawakMalaysia Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable BuildingUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman43000SelangorMalaysia School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering CampusSeri Ampangan14300 Nibong TebalPulau PinangMalaysia

In recent years, utilization of renewable sources for biofuel production is gaining popularity due to growing greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions which causes global warming. There has been a great effort in exploring alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. In this context, the production of third-generation bioethanol from macroalgae has emerged as an alternative feedstock to food crop-based starch and lignocellulosic *** is mainly due to the fast growth rate of macroalgae, no competition with agricultural land, high carbohydrate content and relatively simple processing steps compared to lignocellulosic biomass. This review paper provides an insight of recent innovative approaches for macroalgae bioethanol production, including conventional and advanced hydrolysis process to produce fermentable sugar, various fermentation technologies, economic analysis and life cycle assessment. With the current technology maturity, efficient utilization of macroalgae as sustainable source for bioethanol and other value-added chemicals production could be achieved in the near future.

关键词： Macroalage Hydrolysis Biomass Fermentation Bioethanol

Mesomorphic behaviour of new azomethine liquid crystals having terminal bromo substituent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第2期23卷 177-180页

作者： Sie Tiong Ha Teck Leong lee Siew Ling lee Guan Yeow Yeap Yip foo Win Siew Teng Ong Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparMalaysia Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiMalaysia Liquid Crystal Research Laboratory School of Chemical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenMalaysia Department.of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparMalaysia

A homologous series of azomethine esters,4-n-alkanoyloxybenzylidene-4＇-bromoanilines possessing even number of carbon atoms at the terminal alkanoyloxy chain（C_（n-1）H_（2n-1）COO- n = 8,10,12,14,16,18） was synthesized and *** n-octanoyloxy to n-dodecanoyloxy derivatives exhibited enantiotropic smectic A and smectic B phases,n-tetradecanoyloxy to n-octadecanoyloxy derivatives possessed enantiotropic smectic A and monotropic smectic B properties.n-Decanoyloxy derivatives demonstrated the optimum exhibition for both smectic A and smectic B *** was found that the length of terminal alkanoyloxy chain has an influence on mesomorphic properties.

关键词： Liquid crystals Schiff base ester Enantiotropic Smectic A Smectic B

Traumatic optic neuropathy:a review of 24 patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2010年第2期3卷 175-178页

作者： Kok foo lee Nor Idahriani Muhd Nor Azhany Yaakub Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Department of Ophthalmology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaHealth Campus16150 Kubang KerianKelantanMalaysia

AIMTo evaluate the clinical presentations of traumatic optic neuropathy and to assess the visual outcome of three groups of patients managed differently (conservative, intravenous corticosteroids only and combination ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic optic neuropathy orbital fractures corticosteroids

Patients with small prostates and low-grade intravesical prostatic protrusion e A urodynamic evaluation

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第4期4卷 247-252页

作者： Han Jie lee Alvin lee Hong Hong Huang Palaniappan Sundaram Keong Tatt foo Department of Urology Singapore General HospitalSingapore

Abstract Objective:Despite high-grade intravesical prostatic protrusion(IPP)being closely related to bladder outlet obstruction(BOO),up to 21%of patients with low IPP remain *** study evaluates the characteristics and urodynamic findings of men with small prostates and low ***:One hundred and fourteen men aged>50 years old with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)were assessed with symptoms,uroflowmetry,serum prostate-specific antigen(PSA),transabdominal ultrasound measurement of prostate volume(PV),IPP and post-void residual urine(PVRU).All patients underwent pressure flow *** with PV<30 mL and IPP10 mm were examined for parameters correlating with BOO or impaired detrusor ***:Thirty-six patients had PV<30 mL and IPP<10 *** patients(25.0%)had urodynamic BOO,all with normal bladder *** patients(38.9%)had poor detrusor contractility and all had no ***,PVRU and IPP were significantly associated with BOO,with IPP showing greatest positive *** Qmax and IPP were significantly associated with detrusor *** 5-year follow-up,most patients responded to medical *** three out of nine patients(33.3%)with BOO eventually underwent surgery,and all had a high bladder neck seen on the *** one patient(7.1%)with poor detrusor contractility eventually required surgery after repeat pressure flow study revealed ***:In men with small prostates and low IPP,the presence of BOO is associated with higher PV,PVRU and IPP,and most respond well to medical *** can possibly be explained by elevation of the bladder neck by a small subcervical adenoma.

关键词： Male Prostate hyperplasia Pathology Prostate Ultrasonography Urodynamics Intravesical prostatic protrusion

Inadvertent placement of a urinary catheter into the ureter: A report of 3 cases and review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第4期4卷 256-261页

作者： Rui Luo Song Liang lee foo Cheong Ng Li-Tsa Koh Department of Urology Changi General HospitalSingapore

We describe three cases of inadvertent placement of the urinary catheter into the *** 85-year-old gentleman on long-term indwelling catheter(IDC)for neurogenic bladder presented with fever and right flank *** of abdomen and pelvis demonstrated the tip of the IDC to be located within the right vesicoureteric junction with acute right hydronephrosis and acute pyelonephritis.A 74-year-old woman,on long-term IDC for neurogenic bladder was found to have hydronephrosis on ultrasound ***-enhanced CT intravenous pyelography done subsequently showed the IDC was in the right distal ureter.A 47-year-old lady,on IDC for urinary retention and voiding dysfunction likely secondary to schizophrenia and anti-psychotic medications,presented with raised creatinine.A non-enhanced CT of her abdomen and pelvis was done and showed that the tip of the urethral IDC was located up to the left vesicoureteric *** all patients,the hydronephrosis resolved after changing the catheter and they were well on *** also review the literature to identify the incidence,outcomes and possible risk *** our knowledge,only 20 cases have been reported thus far in the English *** serious complications can occur,the incidence is very *** risk factor that has been identified is long-term catheterization in patients with neurogenic *** do not recommend routine imaging after catheterization in this group of ***,we should still be mindful of the possibility of this occurrence and evaluate and treat as necessary when clinical suspicion arises.

关键词： Indwelling catheter Ureter Complication

A pilot clinical study of developing an External Assist Targeting Device for rapid and precise renal calyx access during percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 364-371页

作者： Qinghui Wu Kesavan Esuvaranathan Teck Kheng lee Soo Leong foo Jian Ping Chai Edmund Chiong Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Surgery National University of SingaporeSingapore Institute of Technical Education Technology Development CentreSingapore Invivo Medical Pte.Ltd. Singapore

Objective:To design a device to increase the accuracy of the targeting process and reduce the radiation exposure to both the patients and the medical ***:We analyzed the inherent problem and designed the External Assist Targeting Device(EATD)to assist in the alignment of needle targeting on the desired renal calyx under fluoroscopic *** EATD was designed to allow rapid and precise access to calyces at all angles,with a simple two-step puncture protocol developed for puncturing a target renal *** then tested the device in a pilot human trial with four ***:In experiments with phantom models,the time for successful targeting was reduced by 31%using the *** mean fluoroscopic time was reduced by 40%.In initial human trial,the puncture time was shortened by 66%and the radiation dose was decreased by 65%compared to free-hand *** complication was observed during the ***:The EATD was found to be cost effective,portable,simple to set up,and safe to operate for assisting in the percutaneous nephrolithotomy *** preliminary tests showed high degree of accuracy in gaining precise access to a targeted renal calyx with much shorter time and lesser radiation *** EATD also has the potential to be used to access other organs with precision under fluoroscopic guidance.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Kidney puncture Renal calculi Targeting device Fluoroscopy guidance