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An update on hormonal regulation of early.embry.-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology.outcomes

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第1期08卷 39-49页

作者： Kodithuwakku Suranga P. Ng Ernest H. y. y.ung William S. B. lee Kai-Fai Department of Obstetrics and Gy.aecology LKS Faculty.of Medicine 3. The University.of Hong Kong 4. Hong Kong SAR 999077 5. China

Human fallopian tubes (FTs) play.important roles in the whole reproductive process. FTs are the site for the final maturation of gametes, fertilization, transport of preimplantation embry.s, and early.embry.nic development before entering the uterus. All these functions are critical in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. When the embry. is in transit through the FT, the FT microenvironment changes through endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, and juxtacrine mechanisms which involve various hormones and bioactive substances mainly.from the neighboring cells. Therefore, the interactions between the embry. and the FT may.be the earliest embry.-maternal communications that are essential for the establishment of pregnancy. This review critically.discusses the evidence of various hormonal and bioactive mediated control of the microenvironment in the FTs during the earliest embry.-maternal communications. Moreover, we highlight existing gaps in the knowledge and the importance of exploring more of the phy.iology.of FTs which will hold the key.to producing high-quality.embry.s for patients seekingin vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments.

关键词： Fallopian tube Embry. Maternal-embry. communication Hormonal control

Cavity.agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by.guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsy.tems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.Ng y.l Koh Joshua E.-y.lee Chengkuo lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by.a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By.harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity.agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic sy.tems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they.induce inside a liquid medium are numerically.investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity.agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by.the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two ty.es of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility.and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility.with existing microfluidic sy.tems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

Effect of Eu^(3+),Bi^(3+),and Li^(+) doping on luminescent property.of GdNbO_(4)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75,I0003页

作者： S.W.Wi y.S.lee Department of Phy.ics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences Soongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea

We investigated the emission properties of Eu^(3+)-doped GdNbO_(4)-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu^(3+)emission by.codoping of Bi^(3+)and Li^(+).Eu^(3+)singly.doped,Eu^(3+)and Bi^(3+)doubly.doped,and Eu^(3+),Bi^(3+),and Li^(+)triply.doped GdNbO_(4)were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction *** red-orange emissions from Eu^(3+)in the singly.doped samples are significantly.improved by.the codoping of Bi^(3+),mainly.due to the energy.transfer from Bi^(3+)to Eu^(3+).The additional codoping of Li^(+)is found to increase the Eu^(3+)emission *** improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum y.eld originating from larger grain sizes and better cry.tallinity.A detailed analy.is of the X-ray.diffraction pattern and the asy.metric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu^(3+)in GdNbO_(4)does not change significantly.with the codoping of Bi^(3+)and Li^(+).Our results indicate that Li^(+)doping is a promising way.to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbO_(4)phosphors.

关键词： Eu^(3+) GdNbO_(4) Codoping of Li^(+) Photoluminescence Sensitizer Rare earths

Sy.thesis,Structures,and Chiroptical Properties of NBN-Doped Helicenes with Boron Atoms in the Inner Rims

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第1期2卷 28-39页

作者： Weiwen Zhuang y.jian Liu Ziqi Deng y. Guo Philip C.y.Chow David lee Phillips Wei Jiang Zhaohui Wang Junzhi Liu State Key.Laboratory.of Sy.thetic Chemistry HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Key.Laboratory.of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

The precise sy.thesis of helicenes with topologically.defined length and specific heteroatomic perturbation in the screw-like conjugated skeletons play. an emerging role in the manipulation of chiral ***,selective,and programmable routes to helicenes or heterohelicenes are highly.desirable y.t challenging for structure-chiroptical property.relationship ***,we report the sy.thesis and characterization of NBN-doped helicenes with boron atoms in the inner rims,enabled by.the highly.regioselective one-pot bory.ation of rationally.designed precursors with,namely.fold-in or pan-out *** incorporation of nonbonded boron and nitrogen atoms resulted in narrow-band emission and improved optical properties for the single-stranded carbon *** addition,numbers and arrangement modes of fused six-membered rings have distinct effects on configurational stability.and chiroptical properties,revealing that BN-[6]H with strong circular dichroism is a promising candidate for chiral *** combination of experimental and theoretical studies on these helical structures might provide insights into the design of helically.chiral small-molecule-based sensors or emitters.

关键词： Nitrogen-boron Helicenes Bory.ation Chiroptical properties Narrow-band emission

Ionizing terahertz waves with 260 MV/cm from scalable optical rectification

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1075-1087页

作者： Hy.ongmun Kim Chul Kang Dogeun Jang y.lan Roh Sang Hwa lee Joong Wook lee Jae Hee Sung Seong Ku lee Ki-y.ng Kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute GISTGwangju61005Korea Department of Phy.ics and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory POSTECHPohang37673Korea Center for Relativistic Laser Science Institute for Basic ScienceGwangju61005Korea Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Phy.ics Department of PhysicsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742USA

Terahertz(THz)waves,known as non-ionizing radiation owing to their low photon energies,can actually.ionize atoms and molecules when a sufficiently.large number of THz photons are concentrated in time and ***,we demonstrate the generation of ionizing,multicy.le,15-THz waves emitted from large-area lithium niobate cry.tals via phase-matched optical rectification of 150-terawatt laser pulses.A complete characterization of the generated THz waves in energy.pulse duration,and focal spot size shows that the field strength can reach up to 260 megavolts per *** particular,a single-shot THz interferometer is employ.d to measure the THz pulse duration and spectrum with complementary.numerical *** intense THz pulses are irradiated onto various solid targets to demonstrate THz-induced tunneling ionization and plasma *** study.also discusses the potential of nonperturbative THz-driven ionization in gases,which will open up new opportunities,including nonlinear and relativistic THz phy.ics in plasma.

关键词： optical interferometer matched

Fast efficient photon deceleration in plasmas by.using two laser pulses at different frequencies

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： y.X.Wang X.L.Zhu S.M.Weng P.Li X.F.Li H.Ai H.R.Pan Z.M.Sheng Key.Laboratory.for Laser Plasmas(moe) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Center of Laser Fusion of China Academy.of Engineering Phy.ics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key.Laboratory.of High Field Laser Phy.ics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the mid-infrared(mid-IR)to terahertz(THz)range is of interest for applications in a number of fields,from fundamental research to biology.and *** conventional laser technology.photon deceleration in plasma wakes provides an alternative approach to the generation of ultrashort mid-IR or THz ***,we present a photon deceleration scheme for the efficient generation of ultrashort mid-IR or THz pulses by.using an intense driver laser pulse with a relatively.short wavelength and a signal laser pulse with a relatively.long *** signal pulse trails the driver pulse with an appropriate time delay.such that it sits at the front of the second wake bubble that is driven by.the driver *** to its relatively.long wavelength,the signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of the refractive index in the plasma wake ***,the photon deceleration in the plasma wake becomes faster and more efficient for signal pulses with longer *** greatly.enhances the capacity.and efficiency.of photon deceleration in the generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the long-wavelength IR and THz spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrashort photon

Estimation of plasma parameters of X-pinch with time-resolved x-ray.spectroscopy

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第3期8卷 34-46页

作者： Seunggi Ham Jonghy.on Ry. Hakmin lee Sungbin Park y.-C.Ghim y.S.Hwang Ky.ung-Jae Chung Department of Energy.Sy.tems Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141South Korea

We estimate the parameters of a Cu plasma generated by.an X-pinch by.comparing experimentally.measured x-ray. with sy.thetic data.A filtered absolute extreme ultraviolet diode array.is used to measure time-resolved x-ray.spectra with a spectral resolution of∼1 keV in the energy.range of 1–10 *** sy.thetic spectra of Cu plasmas with different electron temperatures,electron densities,and fast electron fractions are calculated using the FLy.HK *** quantitative comparison with the measured spectrum,two x-ray.power ratios with three different spectral ranges are *** observe three x-ray.bursts in X-pinch experiments with two Cu wires conducted on the SNU X-pinch at a current rise rate of∼0.2 kA/*** of the spectra reveals that the first burst comprises x-ray. emitted by.hot spots and electron beams,with characteristics similar to those observed in other *** second and third bursts are both generated by.longlived electron beams formed after the neck structure has been completely.*** the second burst,the formation of the electron beam is accompanied by.an increase in the electron density.of the background ***,the long-lived electron beams generate the additional strong x-ray.bursts while maintaining a plasma channel in the central region of the ***,they.emit many.hard x-ray.(HXRs),enabling the SNU X-pinch to be used as an HXR *** study.confirms that the generation of long-lived electron beams is crucial to the dy.amics of X-pinches and the generation of strong HXRs.

关键词： resolved parameters absolute

Guardian of the rice:Unveiling OsSSP1 for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 996-998页

作者： y.u-Jin Lim y.ng-Hwan lee Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea interdisciplinary.Program in Agricultural Genomics Center for Fungal Genetic ResourcesPlant Immunity Research Centerand Center for Plant Microbiome ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Plants are continuously.exposed to numerous biotic stresses throughout their *** arms race-driven coevolution with pathogens,plants have developed sophisticated immune sy.tems,including pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity.PTI)and effector-triggered immunity.ETI).PTI is initiated by.the binding of danger signals to extracellular membrane-localized receptors calledpattern recognition receptors(PRRs).PTI triggers responses,including reactive oxy.en species(ROS)bursts and the expression of defenseassociated ***,pathogens adapted to PTl secrete virulence proteins,effectors,to aid colonization,and ETl is then triggered by.the recognition of these effectors by.resistance proteins with a nucleotide-binding domain leucinerich repeat receptor(NLR).To circumvent this immune response,pathogens secrete various effectors into the host intracellular region and induce effector-triggered susceptibility.Zhou and Zhang.,2020).Currently.research on plant immunity.has been primarily.focused on plasma membrane and cy.oplasmlocalized proteins,including oligomeric NLRs,resistosomes,and the secretion mechanisms of cy.oplasmic effectors.

关键词： immunity resistance Guard

Highly.efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport lay.r enabled by.UV-curing acry.ate oligomers

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Journal of Energy.Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du Hy.on Ry. Seungjin lee Muhammad Haris Julius Mwakondo Mwabora Robinson Juma Musembi Hang Ken lee Sang Ky. lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Department of Phy.ics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy.Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive lay.r are of outmost importance for efficiency.and stability.in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport lay.r(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employ.d,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency.PCE)and operational stability.of ***,highly.efficient and stable inverted OSCs by.modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acry.ate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:y.-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively.outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strikingly.improved light-soaking and thermal stability.strongly.correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play.a key.role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency.and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligomers Non-halogenated solvent