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Do brood parasitic Common Cuckoos develop brood patches during the breeding season?

AVIAN RESEARCH 2024年第3期15卷 363-368页

作者： Go, Jun-Seo Kim, Hae-Ni jin, Sue-Jeong Cha, Myeong-Chan lee, Heesoo lee, jin-won Kyung Hee Univ Korea Inst Ornithol Seoul 02447 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Dept Biol Seoul 02447 South Korea Bird Res SaeZiP Yangpyeong 12504 South Korea

Many birds develop brood patches on their ventral apterium under hormonal regulation to effectively transmit body heat to eggs during incubation. The developed patch has several characteristics, including de-feathering, vascularization, and edema. However, little is known about whether avian brood parasites that do not incubate their eggs exhibit brood patch development during the breeding season. In this study, we measured the size of the ventral apterium in 114 Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) captured in the field throughout the breeding season and examined the appearance of the ventral apterium to confirm the development of brood patches. We also examined whether morphological traits and various factors correlated with the size of the ventral apterium (sternal apterium and abdominal apterium) and how it changed during the breeding season. We found no clear signs of brood patch development in Common Cuckoos captured throughout the breeding season, indicating that they likely did not develop brood patches on the ventral apterium during this period. We also found that ventral apterium size was positively correlated with wing length and body weight. In addition, Common Cuckoos with newly growing feathers on the boundary of the ventral apterium with pteryla were frequently observed as seasons progressed to the end. In conclusion, Common Cuckoos exhibit neither brood patch development nor the vestigial characteristics of ancestral brood patches, except for the growth of feathers on boundary the ventral apterium. Further studies examining brood patches across different groups of avian brood parasites are valuable for enhancing our understanding of the developmental and physiological adaptations of avian brood parasites.

关键词： Brood parasitism Brood patch Common Cuckoo Pterylosis Re-feathering Ventral apterium INCUBATION BEHAVIOR AMERICAN KESTRELS BIRDS TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION MORPHOLOGY PROLACTIN SKIN

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Two distinct subpopulations of marginal zone B cells exhibit differential antibody-producing capacities and radioresistance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 393-408页

作者： Sujin lee Yeunjung Ko Hyun Woo lee won Joon Oh Hun Gi Hong Dinuka Ariyaratne Se jin Im Tae jin Kim Department of Immunology Graduate School of Basic Medical ScienceSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka Present address:Immunology and Microbiology Graduate Program Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX77030USA

Marginal zone(MZ)B cells,which are splenic innate-like B cells that rapidly secrete antibodies(Abs)against blood-borne pathogens,are composed of heterogeneous ***,we showed that MZ B cells can be divided into two distinct subpopulations according to their CD80 expression ***80^(high)MZ B cells exhibited greater Ab-producing,proliferative,and IL-10-secreting capacities than did CD80^(low)MZ B ***,CD80^(high)MZ B cells survived 2-Gy whole-body irradiation,whereas CD80^(low)MZ B cells were depleted by irradiation and then repleted with one month after *** of CD80^(low)MZ B cells led to accelerated development of type II collagen(CII)-induced arthritis upon immunization with bovine ***80^(high)MZ B cells exhibited higher expression of genes involved in proliferation,plasma cell differentiation,and the antioxidant ***80^(high)MZ B cells expressed more autoreactive B cell receptors(BCRs)that recognized double-stranded DNA or CII,expressed more immunoglobulin heavy chain sequences with shorter complementarity-determining region 3 sequences,and included more clonotypes with no N-nucleotides or with B-1a BCR sequences than CD80^(low)MZ B *** transfer experiments showed that CD21^(+)CD23^(+)transitional 2 MZ precursors preferentially generated CD80^(low)MZ B cells and that a proportion of CD80^(low)MZ B cells were converted into CD80^(high)MZ B cells;in contrast,CD80^(high)MZ B cells stably remained CD80^(high)MZ B *** summary,MZ B cells can be divided into two subpopulations according to their CD80 expression levels,Ab-producing capacity,radioresistance,and autoreactivity,and these findings may suggest a hierarchical composition of MZ B cells with differential stability and BCR specificity.

关键词： Marginal Zone B Cell CD80 Autoreactivity Radioresistance

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Pyrometallurgical recycling of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1554-1571页

作者： Juheon lee Kwang won Park Il Sohn Sanghoon lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul 03722Korea Yonsei Industry Cooperation Center Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea RD Solution Wanju gunJeollabuk do 55365Korea

The global importance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has been increasingly underscored with the advancement of high-performance energy storage ***,the end-of-life of these batteries poses significant challenges from environmental,economic,and resource management *** review paper focuses on the pyrometallurgy-based recycling process of lithium-ion batteries,exploring the fundamental understanding of this process and the importance of its *** on the high energy consumption and emission gas issues of the pyrometallurgical recycling process,we systematically analyzed the capital-intensive nature of this process and the resulting technological ***,we conducted an in-depth discussion on the future research directions to overcome the existing technological barriers and *** review will provide valuable insights for researchers and industry stakeholders in the battery recycling field.

关键词： spent lithium-ion batteries recycling sustainability lithium valuable metal

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Porously Reduced 2-Dimensional Bi2O2CO3 Petals for Strain-Mediated Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to HCOOH

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 219-225页

作者： won Seok Cho Dae Myung Hong Wan Jae Dong Tae Hyung lee Chul Jong Yoo Donghwa lee Ho won Jang Jong-Lam lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University

Here we introduce bismuth-based catalysts for the efficient electrochemical reduction of CO2to formic acid（HCOOH）,which are composed of petalshaped Bi2O2CO3（BOC） that spontaneously formed from Bi thin film in aqueous carbonate solution at room *** the electrochemical reduction process,the BOC petals transform to reduced BOC（R-BOC）consisting of individual BOC and Bi domains.

关键词： bismuth carbon dioxide reduction formic acid heterointerfaces strain

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Highly Aligned Ternary Nanofiber Matrices Loaded with MXene Expedite Regeneration of Volumetric Muscle Loss

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 269-292页

作者： Moon Sung Kang Yeuni Yu Rowoon Park Hye jin Heo Seok Hyun lee Suck won Hong Yun Hak Kim Dong‑Wook Han Department of Cogno‑Mechatronics Engineering College of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Medical Research Institute School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Engineering Research Center for Color‑Modulated Extra‑Sensory Perception Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center and Dental and Life Science Institute School of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea BIO‑IT Fusion Technology Research Institute Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Present Address:Osstem Implant Inc. Seoul 07789Republic of Korea

Current therapeutic approaches for volumetric muscle loss(VML)face challenges due to limited graft availability and insufficient *** overcome these limitations,tissue-engineered scaffolds have emerged as a promising *** this study,we developed aligned ternary nanofibrous matrices comprised of poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)integrated with collagen and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoparticles(NPs)(PCM matrices),and explored their myogenic potential for skeletal muscle tissue *** PCM matrices demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties,including structural uniformity,alignment,microporosity,and *** vitro assays revealed that the PCM matrices promoted cellular behaviors and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 ***,in vivo experiments demonstrated enhanced muscle remodeling and recovery in mice treated with PCM matrices following VML *** insights from next-generation sequencing revealed that MXene NPs facilitated protein and ion availability within PCM matrices,leading to elevated intracellular Ca^(2+)levels in myoblasts through the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)and serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1),ultimately promoting myogenic differentiation via the m TOR-AKT ***,upregulated i NOS and increased NO–contributed to myoblast proliferation and fiber fusion,thereby facilitating overall myoblast *** findings underscore the potential of MXene NPs loaded within highly aligned matrices as therapeutic agents to promote skeletal muscle tissue recovery.

关键词： Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoparticle Ternary nanofibrous matrices Myogenesis Regeneration of volumetric muscle loss Next generation sequencing

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Recent Advances in Nanoengineering of Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces to Realize High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 5-17页

作者： Na-Yeong Kim Ilgyu Kim Behnoosh Bornamehr Volker Presser Hiroyuki Ueda Ho-jin lee Jun Young Cheong Ji-won Jung School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Ulsan INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering saarene-Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM) Deakin University Battery Research and Innovation Hub Deakin University Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth

A suitable interface between the electrode and electrolyte is crucial in achieving highly stable electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries,as facile ionic transport is required. Intriguing research and development have recently been conducted to form a stable interface between the electrode and electrolyte. Therefore,it is essential to investigate emerging knowledge and contextualize it. The nanoengineering of the electrode-electrolyte interface has been actively researched at the electrode/electrolyte and interphase levels. This review presents and summarizes some recent advances aimed at nanoengineering approaches to build a more stable electrodeelectrolyte interface and assess the impact of each approach ***,future perspectives on the feasibility and practicality of each approach will also be reviewed in detail. Finally,this review aids in projecting a more sustainable research pathway for a nanoengineered interphase design between electrode and electrolyte,which is pivotal for high-performance,thermally stable Li-ion batteries.

关键词： battery electrode electrolyte interface lithium nanoengineering

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Do brood parasitic Common Cuckoos develop brood patches during the breeding season?

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 363-368页

作者： Jun-Seo Go Hae-Ni Kim Sue-Jeong jin Myeong-Chan Cha Heesoo lee jin-won lee Korea Institute of Ornithology & Department of Biology Kyung Hee University Bird Research SaeZiP

Many birds develop brood patches on their ventral apterium under hormonal regulation to effectively transmit body heat to eggs during incubation. The developed patch has several characteristics, including de-feathering,vascularization, and edema. However, little is known about whether avian brood parasites that do not incubate their eggs exhibit brood patch development during the breeding season. In this study, we measured the size of the ventral apterium in 114 Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) captured in the field throughout the breeding season and examined the appearance of the ventral apterium to confirm the development of brood patches. We also examined whether morphological traits and various factors correlated with the size of the ventral apterium(sternal apterium and abdominal apterium) and how it changed during the breeding season. We found no clear signs of brood patch development in Common Cuckoos captured throughout the breeding season, indicating that they likely did not develop brood patches on the ventral apterium during this period. We also found that ventral apterium size was positively correlated with wing length and body weight. In addition, Common Cuckoos with newly growing feathers on the boundary of the ventral apterium with pteryla were frequently observed as seasons progressed to the end. In conclusion, Common Cuckoos exhibit neither brood patch development nor the vestigial characteristics of ancestral brood patches, except for the growth of feathers on boundary the ventral apterium. Further studies examining brood patches across different groups of avian brood parasites are valuable for enhancing our understanding of the developmental and physiological adaptations of avian brood parasites.

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Crystallographically vacancy-induced MOF nanosheet as rational single-atom support for accelerating CO2 electroreduction to CO

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CARBON ENERGY 2024年第8期6卷 49-62页

作者： Cho, jin Hyuk Ma, Joonhee lee, Chaehyeon Lim, jin Wook Kim, Youngho Jang, Ho Yeon Kim, Jaehyun Seo, Myung-gi Choi, Youngheon Jang, Youn Jeong Ahn, Sang Hyun Jang, Ho won Back, Seoin lee, Jong-Lam Kim, Soo Young Korea Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Seoul 02841 South Korea Sogang Univ Dept Chem & Biomol Engn Seoul South Korea Sogang Univ Inst Emergent Mat Dept Chem & Biomol Engn Seoul 04107 South Korea Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pohang South Korea Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pohang 790784 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Adv Mat Dept Mat Sci & Engn Seoul South Korea Lotte Chem R&D Ctr Daejeon South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Chem Engn Seoul South Korea Chung Ang Univ Sch Chem Engn & Mat Sci Seoul South Korea

To attain a circular carbon economy and resolve CO2 electroreduction technology obstacles, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a logical option for electrocatalysis because of their extraordinary catalytic activity. Among SACs, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as promising support materials because of their exceptional ability to prevent metal aggregation. This study shows that atomically dispersed Ni single atoms on a precisely engineered MOF nanosheet display a high Faradaic efficiency of approximately 100% for CO formation in H-cell and three-compartment microfluidic flow-cell reactors and an excellent turnover frequency of 23,699 h(-1), validating their intrinsic catalytic potential. These results suggest that crystallographic variations affect the abundant vacancy sites on the MOF nanosheets, which are linked to the evaporation of Zn-containing organic linkers during pyrolysis. Furthermore, using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, a comprehensive investigation of the unsaturated atomic coordination environments and the underlying mechanism involving CO* preadsorbed sites as initial states was possible and provided valuable insights.

关键词： 2-dimensional material carbon dioxide reduction metal-organic frameworks single-atom catalysts vacancy sites ACTIVE-SITES CATALYSTS EVOLUTION REDUCTION ZIF-8

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Acetylacetone-TiO2 Promoted Large Area Compatible Cascade Electron Transport Bilayer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 225-232页

作者： Hyong Joon lee jin Kyoung Park jin Hyuck Heo Sang Hyuk Im Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University

In designing efficient perovskite solar cells（PSCs）,the selection of suitable electron transport layers（ETLs） is critical to the final device performance as they determine the driving force for selective charge ***2nanoparticles（NPs） based ETLs have been a popular choice for PSCs due to superior electron mobility,but their relatively deep-lying conduction band energy levels(ECB) result in substantial potential ***,TiO2NPs establish favorable band alignment owing to shallower ECB,but their low intrinsic mobility and abundant surface trap sites impede the final *** this reason,constructing a cascaded bilayer ETL is highly desirable for efficient PSCs,as it can rearrange energy levels and exploit on advantages of an individual *** this study,we prepare SnO2NPs and acetylacetone-modified TiO2（Acac-TiO2） NPs and implement them as bilayer SnO2/Acac-TiO2（BST） ETL,to assemble cascaded energy band ***2contributes to rapid charge carrier transport from high electron mobility while Acac-TiO2minimizes band-offset and effectively suppresses interfacial ***,the optimized BST ETL generates synergistic influence and delivers power conversion efficiency（PCE） as high as 23.14% with open-circuit voltage(VOC) reaching 1.14 ***,the BST ETL is transferred to a large scale and the corresponding mini module demonstrates peak performance of 18.39% PCE from 25 cm2aperture ***,the BST-based mini module exhibit excellent stability,maintaining83.1% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h under simultaneous 1 Sun lightsoaking and damp heat（85℃/RH 85%） environment.

关键词： acetylacetone large area perovskite solar cells TiO2

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The association between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and 6-month neurological outcome in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 223-228页

作者： Ji Ho lee Dong Hun lee Byung Kook lee Seok jin Ryu Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University HospitalGwangju 61469Republic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju 61469Republic of Korea

The global incidence rates of in-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)range from1.2 to 9.0 per1,000 hospitalized patients,as per the National Cardiac Arrest Database.[1] While IHCAs tend to exhibit superior 30-day survival rates relative to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) due to situational advantages,such as immediate access to medical personnel and treatments.

关键词： patients cardiac IHC

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