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Incorporation of Leguminous Cover Crops in Smallholder Cassava-Based Production System in w.stern Tanzania

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3490-3501页

作者： Peter Z. Matata Alexandre M. A. Passos leah w. masolwa Alaerto L. Marcolan Rodrigo da S. Ribeiro Tumbi Agricultural Research Institute Tabora Tanzania Embrapa Maize and Sorghum Sete Lagoas Brazil Embrapa Rondonia Porto Velho Brazil Federal University of Rondonia Rolim de Moura Brazil

Small-scale crop production in many parts of Tanzania is constrained by many problems among w.ich soil fertility degradation is a major problem. Over 80% of cassava (Manihot esculenta) production in Tanzania is done by the small-scale farmers w.o continuously cultivate their fields, but use limited inputs to restore depleted plant nutrients. The objective of this study w.s to examine the best legume species that could be incorporated in cassava (Manihot esculenta) production systems under farmers’ conditions and result in increase in soil fertility and crop yields. Mucuna pruriens and Canavalia ensiformis w.re either incorporated w.th cassava (Manihot esculenta) or planted as sole crop in rotation w.th cassava. Mucuna pruriens and Canavalia ensiformis w.re found to produce almost similar amount of biomass. The tw. legumes, how.ver, produced higher biomass in rotation than intercropping system. The amount of biomass produced by Mucuna pruriens and Canavalia ensiformis in rotation system w.s 6.28 t·ha-1 and 5.31 t·ha-1, respectively. The Mucuna use represents an input of nitrogen into the soil w.ich simulates a saving cost of 181.42 and 141.96 US$ ha-1. In the first year, cassava root yields w.re significantly increased (p w.th Mucuna pruriens (2.41 t·ha-1) and or Canavalia ensiformis (2.25 t·ha-1). Intercropping and rotation of cassava w.th legumes increase cassava yield and represent a sustainable alternative to reduce the farms’ dependence on external inputs and to enhance inherent soil fertility.

关键词： Mucuna pruriens Canavalia ensiformis Intercropping Rotation Climate Change

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