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Jump Detector: An automated monitoring equipment for the locomotion of jumping insects

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Insect Science 2020年第3期27卷 613-624页

作者： Feng Zhou Le Kang Xian-Hui Wang Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Continuous jumping behavior,a kind of endurance locomotion,plays important roles in insect ecological adaption and survival.However,the methods used for the efficient evaluation of insect jumping behavior remain largely lacking.Here,we developed a locomotion detection system named JumpDetector with automatic trajectory tracking and data analysis to evaluate the jumping of insects.This automated system exhibits more accurate,efficient,and adjustable performance than manual methods.By using this automatic system,we characterized a gradually declining pattern of continuous jumping behavior in 4th‐instar nymphs of the migratory locust.We found that locusts in their gregarious phase outperformed locusts in their solitary phase in the endurance jumping locomotion.Therefore,the JumpDetector could be widely used in jumping behavior and endurance locomotion measurement.

关键词： bio-artificial interaction endurance locomotion EthoVision jumping behavior Locusta migratoria

Feeding of pea leafminer larvae simultaneously activates jasmonic and salicylic acid pathways in plants to release a terpenoid for indirect defense

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 811-824页

作者： Jun-Nan Yang Jia-Ning Wei Le Kang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The pea leafminer,Liriomyza huidobrensis,is an important pest species affecting ornamental crops worldwide.Plant damage consists of oviposition and feeding punctures created by female adult flies as well as larva-bored mines in leaf mesophyll tissues.How plants indirectly defend themselves from these two types of leafminer damage has not been sufficiently investigated.In this study,we compared the indirect defense responses of bean plants infested by either female adults or larvae.Puncturing of leaves by adults released green leaf volatiles and terpenoids,while larval feeding caused plants to additionally emit methyl salicylate and(E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene(TMTT).Puncturing of plants by female adults induced increases in jasmonic acid(JA)and JA-related gene expressions but reduced the expressions of salicylic acid(SA)-related genes.In contrast,JA and SA and their-related gene expression levels were increased significantly by larval feeding.The exogenous application of JA+SA significantly triggered TMTT emission,thereby significantly inducing the orientation behavior of parasitoids.Our study has confirmed that larval feeding can trigger TMTT emission through the activation of both JA and SA pathways to attract parasitoids;however,TMTT alone is less attractive than the complete blend of volatiles released by infested plants.

关键词： jasmonic acid Liriomyza huidobrensis parasitoids salicylic acid TMTT

FAWMine:An integrated database and analysis platform for fall armyworm genomics

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 590-601页

作者： Pengcheng Yang Depin Wang Wei Guo Le Kang Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Fall armyworm(Spodoptera frugiperda),a native insect species in the Americas,is rapidly becoming a major agricultural pest worldwide and is causing great damage to corn,rice,soybeans,and other crops.To control this pest,scientists have accumulated a great deal of high-throughput data of fall armyworm,and nine versions of its genomes and transcriptomes have been published.However,easily accessing and performing integrated analysis of these omics data sets is challenging.Here,we developed the Fall Armyworm Genome Database(FAWMine,http://159.***.67.243:8080/fawmine/)to maintain genome sequences,structural and functional annotations,transcriptomes,co-expression,protein interactions,homologs,pathways,and single-nucleotide variations.FAWMine provides a powerful framework that helps users to perform flexible and customized searching,present integrated data sets using diverse visualization methods,output results tables in a range of file formats,analyze candidate gene lists using multiple widgets,and query data available in other InterMine systems.Additionally,stand-alone JBrowse and BLAST services are also established,allowing the users to visualize RNA-Seq data and search genome and annotated gene sequences.Altogether,FAWMine is a useful tool for querying,visualizing,and analyzing compiled data sets rapidly and efficiently.FAWMine will be continually updated to function as a community resource for fall armyworm genomics and pest control research.

关键词： data warehouse InterMine invasive species population resequencing tran-scriptome

Xiangtong Zhang’s study on dendritic function:Gold is shining everywhere

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Protein & Cell 2011年第4期2卷 264-265页

作者： Baoyuan Zhang Le Kang Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

It was in 1900,16 years after Gregor Johann Mendel's death,that Mendel's laws were widely accepted and the significance was well acknowledged by the scientific world.Similarly,it was in 1983,30 years after Barbara McClintock’s innovative discoveries,that she won an unshared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the theory of jumping genes.Those touching stories have been talked a lot in scientific field,and those outstanding biologists have been memorized for their advanced theories,their persistence and their legacies.History always repeats itself.The neurophysiologist Xiangtong Zhang(Hsiang-tung Chang)also had a same experience,while he was rarely recognized by people.

关键词： function Xiang History

The 1956 Qingdao Meeting on Genetics:an important turning point of Chinese biology

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Protein & Cell 2011年第1期2卷 5-6页

作者： Ming Li Le Kang Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Lysenkoism once was a popular word in the middle of the last century,but is now long forgotten by most people.Many young Chinese have never heard of T.D.Lysenko or Lysenkoism,neither do they know the impact Lysenkoism had on the history of biology in the former Soviet Union,in Eastern Europe,and in China.To put a long story short,Trofim Denisovich Lysenko was a Soviet agronomist who believed in inheritance of environmentally acquired traits.Starting in the 1930s,he received political support from the Soviet leaders and was gradually promoted to the top leader of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the Soviet Union.With the political influence and power in his hand,Lysenko began to promote his theory throughout the nation and eliminate any“harmful”ideas(i.e.Mendelian genetics)among Soviet biologists.The following events were more of a political movement than a scientific discussion,as Mendelian genetics was officially banned in the Soviet Union in 1948 and over 3000 scientists were expulsed from their positions.Many Soviet scientists were thrown into prison for expressing opinions dissent from Lysenko’s,and quite a lot suffered persecution severely,including the internationally renowned biologist Nikolai Vavilov.

关键词： turning eliminate political

A novel non-invasive identification of genome editing mutants from insect exuviae

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 21-32页

作者： Xiao-Xiao Wang Jing Li Tong-Xin Wang Yi-Nuo Yang Hai-kang Zhang Meng Zhou Le Kang Li-Ya Wei College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei Province071002China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

With the wide application of genome editing in insects, a simple and efficient identification method is urgently needed to meet the increasing demand for mutation detection. Here, taking migratory locusts as a model system, we developed a non-invasive method to accurately identify genome-edited mutants by using DNA from insect exuviae. We compared the quantity and quality of genomic DNA from exuviae in five instar hoppers and found that the 1st instar exuviae had the highest DNA yield and content, while the 3rd instar exuviae had the best quality. Consensus genotypes were identified from genomic DNA of hoppers at different developmental stages in the same individuals. Moreover, we demonstrated that the amplification products from DNA extracted from locust exuviae are the consensus sequences with those from the hemolymph and foreleg pre-tarsus. Therefore, non-invasive samples provide the same genotyping results as minimally invasive and invasive samples of the same individuals. Furthermore, this identification method that uses genomic DNA from exuviae can be used for early screening of positive genome-edited individuals in each generation for adult crossing. In our study, the non-invasive identification method was not only simpler and provided results earlier than existing methods, but also had a better reproducibility and accuracy. This non-invasive identification approach using genomic DNA from exuviae can be adapted to meet the growing demand for genetic analysis and will find wide application in insect genome editing research.

关键词： exuviae genome editing identification locusts molt non-invasive

Correction to:Core transcriptional signatures of phase change in the migratory locust

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Protein & Cell 2020年第9期11卷 696-697页

作者： Pengcheng Yang Li Hou Xianhui Wang Le Kang Bejjing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

In the original publication the photo of the gregarious adult locust in Fig.1A is incorrect.The correct photo of adult migratory locust is provided in this correction.OPEN ACCESS This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons licence,and indicate if changes were made.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence,unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use,you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

关键词： ACCESS OPEN signature

Zongluo Luo, a Chinese Haigui in 1930s

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Protein & Cell 2010年第11期1卷 972-973页

作者： Ming Li Le Kang Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

“Haigui,”which pronounces the same in Chinese as that of sea turtle,has become a trendy word in modern China.For those of you who are not familiar with the word yet,Haigui is a homonym for returnee from overseas.To overseas-educated Chinese scholars,the idea of returning home becomes more and more enticing because of China’s rapid economic growth.Until 2010,nearly half a million of Chinese have returned from overseas.And the trend has no exception in the life science academia.Scientists are attracted back home for promising research environment and rising salaries.Many returnees say that the lab environment they have got here in China definitely trumps what they could expect in the United States or Europe.Why wouldn’t they have returned?However,their earlier counterparts back in the old days were not as lucky as they are nowadays.In the 1920s and 1930s,scientists returned for completely different reasons.

关键词： return overseas returned

Traditional Dietary Habits and Interprovincial Migration in College Choice: Evidence From Ningxia in China

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ECNU Review of Education 2020年第2期3卷 310-337页

作者： Le Kang Xiaoyang Ye Yanqing Ding Institute of Economics of Education&Graduate School of Education Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Princeton University Peking University

Purpose:Every September,millions of students—elite human resources—enter higher education in China.This large-scale college-induced migration has substantial impacts on China’s national and local labor markets.This study examines the migration pattern in college choice and admission among the Hui students in China.In doing so,we extend the existing interprovincial migration model by identifying and measuring the role of traditional dietary habits in college migration decisions.Design/Approach/Methods:This study uses college entrance examination(Gaokao)admission data for 10 high school graduation cohorts from 2001 to 2010 in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.These data are used to study the interprovincial migration of the Hui students following their college entrance examination.Ordinary least squares and logit regressions are used to control for other confounding factors,while the method of instrumental variables and placebo group comparison were used to rule out other explanations.Findings:Results demonstrate that traditional dietary habits produce geographic inequalities in terms of college opportunities for Hui and other minority group students.First,after controlling for variables such as college entrance examination scores and personal characteristics,results show that the Hui students are more likely to choose an institution closer to their hometown and preferred institutions located in Ningxia and the northwestern provinces rather than the Yangtze/Pearl River Delta regions and coastal provinces.Second,this migration pattern is shaped by the dietary habits of the Hui.Third,the Hui students were more likely to choose institutions in underdeveloped areas,resulting in corresponding welfare losses.Originality/Value:This study supplements classic college choice literature by documenting a special impact factor of geography previously overlooked by researchers,demonstrating the need to examine the underlying mechanisms of proximity and its significance in college choice.Moreover,the provision of dietary informat

关键词： College admissions demographical welfare dietary habits interprovincial migration Ningxia