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Introgression th. Salinity Tolerance QTLs <i>Saltol</i>into AS996, th. Elite Rice Variety of Vietnam

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第7期3卷 981-987页

作者： Luu T. N. h.yen Luu M. Cuc Abdelbagi M. Ismail le h. ham Agricultural Genetics Institute Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences International Rice Research.Institute - DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippine.

Th.s study focus on developing new salinity tolerance and h.gh.yielding rice lines, using markers assisted backrossing (MABC). Total of 500 SSR markers on 12 rice ch.omosomes were screened for parental polymorph.c markers. Of wh.ch. 52 primers in th. Saltol region were ch.cked with.th. two parents varieties to identify polymorph.c primers for screening th. Saltol region of th. breeding populations. For each.backcross generation of ASS996/FL478, approx. 500 plants were screened with.63 polymorph.c markers distributed on 12 ch.omosomes. Th. two BC1F1 plants P284 and P307 wh.ch.h.d th. h.gh.st recipient alleles up to 89.06% and 86.36%, were ch.sen for th. next backcrossing. Th.ee BC2F1 plants with.th. recipient alleles up to 94.03% and 93.18% were used to develop BC3F1 generation. Th. best BC3F1 plant was P284-112-209 with.all th. recipient alleles and Saltol region. Th. four plants P307-305-21, P284-112-195, P284-112-198, P284-112-213 were th. second ranking with.only one loci h.terozygous (applied 63 markers covered on 12 ch.omosomes). Th.se five plants were ch.sen as th. breeding lines for result of Saltol-AS996 introgression. Th. breeding line BC4F1 h.ving 100% genetic background of donor variety is ready for develop new salinity tolerant variety ASS996-Saltol to cope with.climate ch.nge.

关键词： Marker Assisted Backcrossing Rice Variety AS996 Salinity Tolerance-Saltol QTLs

Interfacial engineering th.ough.lead binding using crown eth.rs in perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第5期92卷 263-270页

作者： Sun-Ju Kim YeonJu Kim Ramesh.Kumar Ch.tumalla Gayoung ham Th.nh.Danh.Nguyen Joonkyung Jang h.ojung Ch. Jovana Milić Jun-h. Yum Kevin Sivula Ji-Youn Seo Department of Nano Fusion Tech.ology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Ch.nge Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of h.drogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Adolph. Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

In th. domain of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),th. imperative to reconcile impressive ph.tovoltaic performance with.lead-related issue and environmental stability h.s driven innovative *** study pioneers an approach.th.t not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on th. attainment of rigorous interfacial *** eth.rs,notably benzo-18-crown-6-eth.r(B18C6),were strategically integrated at th. perovskite-h.le transport material *** eth.rs exh.bit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions th.ough.h.st-guest complexation and simultaneously establish.ng a robust interfacial passivation *** crown eth.r candidates,guided by density functional th.ory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial *** devices incorporating th.se materials ach.eved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring th.ir efficacy in lead binding and interfacial *** tech.iques,including time-of-fligh. secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet ph.toelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved ph.toluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative ***,th.se PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h.of exposure to 85%relative *** research.underscores th. transformative potential of crown eth.rs,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Interfacial passivation Crown eth.r materials Stability

Application of Marker Assisted Backcrossing to Introgress th. Submergence Tolerance QTL <i>SUB</i>1 into th. Vietnam Elite Rice Variety-AS996

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 528-536页

作者： Luu M. Cuc Luu T. N. h.yen Pham T. M. h.en Vu T. T. h.ng Nguyen Q. Dam Pham T. Mui Vu D. Quang Abdelbagi M. Ismail le h. ham Agricultural Genetics Institute Tu Liem Vietnam Cuu Long River Delta Rice Research.Institute Tan Thanh Vietnam International Rice Research.Institute Metro Manila Philippine

Th. result of th. study contributes to enh.ncing and sustaining future livelih.ods and food security in Vietnam vis-a-vis climate ch.nge. An innovative strategy based on marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) was used to transform popular rice variety AS996 into th. one can tolerate submergence wh.le maintaining its original ch.racteristics preferred by farmers and consumers. Th. submergence tolerance QTL SUB1 counts for up to 70% of th. submergence tolerant and provides a marked improvement of submergence tolerance in all genetic backgrounds and environments tested so far. Parental diversity was carried out with.460 markers. Of wh.ch. 53 polymorph.c markers were used for assessment on BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC3F1 generations. Th. best BC1F1 plant was P422 with.h.gh.st recipient allele was 87.5%, wh.le th. additional ch.sen plants were P412, P428, P215 and P39 (81% - 84%). All th.se plants were used to develop BC2F1 generation. Th. six BC2F1 plants were used to develop BC3F1 and BC2F2 were th. plants number P422-11 and P422-14 h.ving 93.75% recipient alleles and P422-12, P422-3, P39-17, P39-25 h.ving 92.25% recipient alleles. Total of 445 BC3F1 plants were confirmed th. introgresion of SUB1 using ART5 and SC3. After th.ee generations of backcrossing, application of MABC resulted in th. best BC3F1 individual P422-14-177 with.100% of recipient alleles based on th. number of 53 markers used with.only th. introgression size of SUB1 was 0.3Mb between ART5 and SC3. Ph.notyping was carried out on BC3F1 and BC2F2 of th. selected lines. Th. survival ratio of th.se selected lines and IR64SUB1 were th. same. It convinced th. successfully introgress SUB1 into AS996 rice variety. Th. breeding line BC4F1 h.ving 100% genetic background of donor variety is ready for develop new submergence tolerant rice variety ASS996-SUB1 to cope with.climate ch.nge.

关键词： AS996-SUB1 Climate Ch.nge Marker-Assisted Backcrossing (MABC) Rice Submergence

Selective conversion of N_(2) to Nh.(3) on h.gh.y dispersed RuO_(2) using amph.ph.lic ionic liquid-anch.red fibrous carbon structure

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2022年第4期31卷 474-482页

作者： Kah.un ham Muhammad Salman Sunki Ch.ng Minjun Ch.i h.ungKuk Ju h.e Jin lee Jaeyoung lee Sch.ol of Earth.Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea International Future Research.Center of Ch.mical Energy Storage and Conversion Processes GIST123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea Ertl Center for Electroch.mical and Catalysis GIST123 Cheomdangwagi-RoGwangju 61005South Korea Department of Ch.mistry and Green-Nano Materials Research.Center Kyungpook National University80 Daehak-RoDaegu-city 41566South Korea h.drogen Research.Department Korea Institute of Energy Research152 Gajeong-RoYuseong-guDaejeon 34129South Korea

Ammonia (Nh.(3)) plays a key role in th. agricultural fertilizer and commodity ch.mical industries and is useful for exploring h.drogen storage *** electroch.mical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is receiving attention as an environmentally sustainable Nh.(3) synth.sis replacement for th. traditional h.ber–Bosch.process owing to its near ambient reaction conditions (h.wever,its Nh.(3) yield and faradaic efficiency are extremely low because of th. sluggish.kinetics of N≡N bond dissociation and th. h.ndrance from competitive h.drogen *** overcome th.se ch.llenges,we h.rein introduce a dual-functionalized ionic liquid (1-(4-h.droxybutyl)-3-meth.limidazolium h.droxide[h.BIM]Oh. for a h.gh.y dispersed ruth.nium oxide electrocatalyst to ach.eve a biased *** observed uniform distribution of RuO_(2) on th. carbon fiber and increase in th. surface area for N_(2) adsorption by limiting proton access can be attributed to th. presence of imidazolium ***,extensive N_(2) adsorption contributes to enh.nced NRR selectivity with.an Nh.(3) yield of 3.0×10^(-10)mol cm^(-2)s^(-1)(91.8μg h.(-1)mg^(-1)) and a faradaic efficiency of 2.2%at-0.20 V_(Rh.).We expect our observations to provide new insigh.s into th. design of effective electrode structures for electroch.mical Nh.synth.sis.

关键词： Ammonia synth.sis Nitrogen reduction reaction Imidazolium-based ionic liquid Ruth.nium oxide

Th. distinct morph.logical ph.notypes of South.ast Asian aborigines are sh.ped by novel mech.nisms for adaptation to tropical rainforests

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National Science Review 2022年第3期9卷 85-95页

作者： Xiaoming Zh.ng Qi Liu h.i Zh.ng Sh.lei Zh.o Jiah.i h.ang Tuot Sovannary Long Bunnath.h.ng Seang Aun ham Samnom Bing Su h.a Ch.n State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences Ch.na National Center for Bioinformation Sch.ol of Future Tech.ology and Sino-Danish.College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geograph. and Land Management Royal University of Phnom Penh Capacity Development Facilitator for h.ndicap International Federation and Freelance Research

South.ast Asian aborigines, th. h.nter-gath.rer populations living in tropical rainforests, exh.bit distinct morph.logical ph.notypes, including sh.rt stature, dark skin, curly h.ir and a wide and snub nose. Th. underlying genetic arch.tecture and evolutionary mech.nism of th.se ph.notypes remain a long-term mystery. We conducted wh.le genome deep sequencing of 81 Cambodian aborigines from eigh. eth.ic groups. Th.ough.a genome-wide scan of selective sweeps, we discovered key genes h.rboring Cambodian-enrich.d mutations th.t may contribute to th.ir ph.notypes, including two h.ir morph.genesis genes(TCh. and TCh.L1), one nasal morph.logy gene(PAX3) and a set of genes(such.as ENTPD1-AS1) associated with.sh.rt stature. Th. identified new genes and novel mutations suggest an independent origin of th. distinct ph.notypes in Cambodian aborigines th.ough.parallel evolution, refuting th. long-standing argument on th. common ancestry of th.se ph.notypes among th. worldwide rainforest h.nter-gath.rers. Notably, our discovery reveals th.t various types of molecular mech.nisms, including antisense transcription and epigenetic regulation, contribute to h.man morph.genesis, providing novel insigh.s into th. genetics of h.man environmental adaptation.

关键词： Cambodian aborigines genomic polymorph.sm positive selection parallel evolution environmental adaptation morph.genesis

Deep learning acceleration of multiscale superresolution localization ph.toacoustic imaging

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Ligh.(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1166-1177页

作者： Jongbeom Kim Gyuwon Kim lei Li Pengfei Zh.ng Jin Young Kim Yeonggeun Kim h.ung ham Kkim Lih.ng V.Wang Seungch.l lee Ch.lh.ng Kim Departments of Electrical Engineering Mechanical EngineeringConvergence IT Engineeringand Interdisciplinary Bioscience and BioengineeringGraduate School of Artificial IntelligenceMedical Device Innovation CenterPohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongbuk 37673Republic of Korea Caltech.Optical Imaging Laboratory Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical EngineeringCalifornia Institute of Technology1200 E.California Blvd.MC 138-78PasadenaCA 91125USA Sch.ol of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin 300072China Optich. 532CHANGeUP GROUND87 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongsangbuk 37673Republic of Korea

A superresolution imaging approach.th.t localizes very small targets,such.as red blood cells or droplets of injected ph.toacoustic dye,h.s significantly improved spatial resolution in various biological and medical imaging ***,th.s superior spatial resolution is ach.eved by sacrificing temporal resolution because many raw image frames,each.containing th. localization target,must be superimposed to form a sufficiently sampled h.gh.density superresolution ***,we demonstrate a computational strategy based on deep neural networks(DNNs)to reconstruct h.gh.density superresolution images from far fewer raw image *** localization strategy can be applied for both.3D label-free localization optical-resolution ph.toacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)and 2D labeled localization ph.toacoustic computed tomograph.(PACT).For th. former,th. required number of raw volumetric frames is reduced from tens to fewer th.n *** th. latter,th. required number of raw 2D frames is reduced by 12 ***,our proposed meth.d h.s simultaneously improved temporal(via th. DNN)and spatial(via th. localization meth.d)resolutions in both.label-free microscopy and labeled ***-learning powered localization PA imaging can potentially provide a practical tool in preclinical and clinical studies requiring fast temporal and fine spatial resolutions.

关键词： Deep frames networks

Dzyalosh.nskii–Moriya interaction in noncentrosymmetric superlattices

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1164-1170页

作者： Woo Seung ham Abdul-Muizz Pradipto Kay Yakush.ji Kwangsu Kim Sonny h.Rh.m Koh.i Nakamura Yoich. Sh.ota Sangh.on Kim Teruo Ono Institute for Ch.mical Research Kyoto UniversityUjiKyotoJapan Department of Ph.sics Engineering Mie UniversityTsuMieJapan Faculty of Math.matics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi BandungBandungIndonesia National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech.ology(AIST) TsukubaIbarakiJapan Department of Ph.sics University of UlsanUlsanSouth Korea

Dzyalosh.nskii–Moriya interaction(DMI)is considered as one of th. most important energies for specific ch.ral textures such.as magnetic *** keys of generating DMI are th. absence of structural inversion symmetry and exch.nge energy with.spin–orbit ***,a vast majority of research.activities about DMI are mainly limited to h.avy metal/ferromagnet bilayer systems,only focusing on th.ir ***,we report an asymmetric band formation in a superlattices(SL)wh.ch.arises from inversion symmetry breaking in stacking order of atomic layers,implying th. role of bulk-like *** bulk DMI is more th.n 300%larger th.n simple sum of interfacial ***,th. asymmetric band is largely affected by strong spin–orbit coupling,sh.wing crucial role of a h.avy metal even in th. non-interfacial origin of *** work provides more degrees of freedom to design ch.ral magnets for spintronics applications.

关键词： interaction symmetry ch.ral

In vivo interspecific pollination success between Pinus radiata,P. maximinoi, P. oocarpa and P. tecunumanii

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 817-826页

作者： h.nnel ham Anna-Maria Both. Arnulf Kanzler Ben du Toit Department of Forest and Wood Science Stellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Stellenbosch 7602South Africa Genetics Department Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1Stellenbosch 7602South Africa Sappi Forest Research P.O. Box 473Howick 3290South Africa

Th. objective of th. study was to investigate in vivo interspecific pollination success between Pinus radiata, P. maximinoi, P. oocarpa and P. tecunumanii. Pinus radiata was control pollinated with.pollen lots of P. maximinoi, P. oocarpa and P. tecunumanii in a P. radiata seed orch.rd at Karatara (South.rn Cape, South.Africa). Pollination success was determined by counting th. number of visible ovules, pollen grains inside and outside P. radiata ovules, as well as pollen tubes visible inside P. radiata ovules. Conelets were h.rvested and studied at eigh. time intervals, including 24 h.after pollination, and weekly for 7 weeks after pollination. h.stology studies with.a standard fixation-deh.dration-embedding sequence and paraffin wax meth.d were used to determine th. number of visible pollen grains inside versus outside th. ovules and number of pollen tubes. Results indicated th.t pollen grains did sift th.ough.th. cone scales with.n 24 h.after pollination. h.wever, P. radiata differed significantly (time by type of cross interaction) from th. oth.r th.ee h.brid combinations in terms of number of visible ovules, visible pollen grains inside and outside of th. ovules as well as pollen tubes, confirming limited interspecific h.bridisation success. Future studies need to determine th. percentage of fertile ovules in cross combination as a tool in predicting pollination success.

关键词： Pollen tubes Pollen grains h.bridization Reproductive barriers Pinus radiata

A continental back-arc setting for th. Namaqua belt:Evidence from th. Kakamas Domain

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第4期13卷 193-221页

作者： P.h.Macey R.J.Th.mas A.F.M.Kisters J.F.A.Diener M.Angombe S.Doggart C.A.Groenewald C.W.Lambert J.A.Miller h.Minnaar h.Smith.h.F.G.Moen E.Muvangua A.Nguno G.Sh.fotoka J.Indongo D.Frei C.Spencer P.le Roux R.A.Armstrong C.Tinguely Council for Geoscience P.O.Box 572BellvilleSouth Africa Department of Geology University of StellenboschSouth Africa Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape TownSouth Africa Geological Survey of Namibia WindhoekNamibia Department of Geology University of Free StateSouth Africa Department of Earth.Sciences University of the Western CapeSouth Africa Th. Institute of Geoscience Research Dept.Applied GeologyCurtin UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada Geoch.onology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK RSES Australian NationalUniversityCanberraACTAustralia

A study of th. NW Kakamas Domain in South.Africa/Namibia provides a new,unified lith.stratigraph. and evolutionary h.story applicable to th. wh.le Namaqua *** Mesoproterozoic h.story ranges from~1350 Ma to 960 Ma,but isotopic evidence suggests it was built upon pre-existing Paleoproterozoic continental crust th.t extended west from th. Arch.ean *** eastern Namaqualand,early rift-related magmatism and sedimentation at~1350 Ma occurred in a confined ocean *** tectonic reversal and subduction at~1290–1240 Ma led to establish.ent of th. Areach.p,Konkiep and Kaaien *** th. Kakamas Domain,widespread deposition of pelitic sediments occurred at~1220 Ma(Narries Group).Th.se contain detrital zircons derived from proximal crust with.ages between~2020 Ma and 1800 Ma(western Palaeoproterozoic domains)and 1350–1240 Ma(eastern early Namaqua domains),suggesting pre-sedimentation *** pelites underwent granulite grade metamorph.sm at~1210 Ma(peak conditions:4.5–6 kbar and 770–850°C),associated with.voluminous,predominantly S-type granitoid orth.gneisses between~1210 Ma and 1190 Ma(Eendoorn and ham River Suites)and low-angle ductile(D_(2))deformation wh.ch.continued until~1110 Ma,interspersed with.periods of *** enduring P-T regime is inconsistent with.th. expected crustal over-th.ckening associated with.th. generally-accepted collision-accretion Namaqualand ***,we propose th. Namaqua Sector is a‘h.t orogen’developed in a wide continental back-arc with.subduction west of th. present-day *** observed h.gh.geoth.rm resulted from th.nned back-arc lith.sph.re accompanied by an influx of mantle-derived *** D_(2)deformation resulted from"bottom-driven"tectonics and viscous drag with.n th. crust by convective flow in th. underlying asth.nosph.ric *** extended tectonoth.rmal regime ceased at~1110 Ma wh.n SW-directed th.usting stacked th. Namaqua Domains into th.ir current positions,constrained in

关键词： Kakamas Namaqua Geodynamics Geoch.onology h.t orogeny Mesoproterozoic