检索结果-南通市图书馆

Implication and challenges of direct-fed microbial supplementation to improve ruminant production and health

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 316-337页

作者： Yajing Ban le Luo guan Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2P5Canada

Direct-fed microbials(DFMs)are feed additives containing live naturally existing microbes that can benefit animals’health and production *** to the banned or strictly limited prophylactic and growth promoting usage of antibiotics,DFMs have been considered as one of antimicrobial alternatives in livestock *** used as DFMs for ruminants usually consist of bacteria including lactic acid producing bacteria,lactic acid utilizing bacteria and other bacterial groups,and fungi containing Saccharomyces and *** date,the available DFMs for ruminants have been largely based on their effects on improving the feed efficiency and ruminant productivity through enhancing the rumen function such as stabilizing ruminal pH,promoting ruminal fermentation and feed *** research has shown emerging evidence that the DFMs may improve performance and health in young ruminants,however,these positive outcomes were not consistent among studies and the modes of action have not been clearly *** review summarizes the DFM studies conducted in ruminants in the last decade,aiming to provide the new knowledge on DFM supplementation strategies for various ruminant production stages,and to identify what are the potential barriers and challenges for current ruminant industry to adopt the *** literature research indicates that DFMs have the potential to mitigate ruminal acidosis,improve immune response and gut health,increase productivity(growth and milk production),and reduce methane emissions or fecal shedding of *** research is needed to explore the mode of action of specific DFMs in the gut of ruminants,and the optimal supplementation strategies to promote the development and efficiency of DFM products for ruminants.

关键词： DFM-microbial interaction Direct-fed microbials Gut health Host-DFM interaction Ruminants

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Understanding host-microbial interactions in rumen：searching the best opportunity for microbiota manipulation

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 300-306页

作者： Nilusha Malmuthuge le Luo guan Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5ABCanada 4–16 F Agriculture/Forestry CenterDepartment of AgriculturalFood and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5ABCanada

Ruminants utilize a wide variety of dietary substrates that are not digestible by the mammals, through microbial fermentation taking place in the rumen. Recent advanced molecular based approaches have allowed the characterization of rumen microbiota and its compositional changes under various treatment ***, the knowledge is still limited on the impacts of variations in the rumen microbiota on host biology and function. This review summarizes the information to date on host-microbial interactions in the rumen and how we can apply such information to seek the opportunities to enhance the animal performance through manipulating the rumen function.

关键词： Host-microbial interaction Rumen microbial manipulation Ruminants

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Understanding the role of rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions in cattle feed efficiency

引用

Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 41-53页

作者： Sang Weon Na le Luo guan Department of Agricultural Food&Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Feed efficiency is one of the economically important traits for the cattle industry that affects profit(feed costs)and the environment(production of manure and methane).Due to that feed efficiency is driven by multi-factors,mechanisms contributing to the animal to animal variation in this trait have not been well defined,limiting the development of precision feeding strategies to improve the herd production *** microbial fermentation and volatile fatty acids(VFA)production have been recently reported to be associated with cattle feed efficiency,however the roles of rumen epithelial function in feed efficiency are less studied although the rumen epithelium has an important function in VFA absorption and metabolism which can affect host feed *** epithelium is colonized with a diverse microbial population,termed epimural microbiota,which has proposed functions in tissue development,barrier and inflammation,urea transport,and oxygen scavenging,suggesting that they can affect rumen epithelial functions and subsequently cattle feed ***,prospective functions of epimural microbiota,enhanced rumen immunity and increased rumen epithelial thickness,might contribute to less nutritional requirement for tissue ***,the understanding of the functions of rumen epithelium,epimural microbiota,and rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions is essential to identify their roles in contributing to feed *** this review,we will focus on to date research findings on the structure of rumen epithelium,epimural microbiota,and epithelial host-microbe interactions together with their functions and how these are associated with feed efficiency,aiming to provide insights on future directions to study rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions and improve the rumen functions in cattle.

关键词： Ruminant Feed efficiency Rumen epithelium Epimural microbiota Microbiome

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A review of the resistome within the digestive tract of livestock

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第3期13卷 642-661页

作者： Tao Ma Tim A.McAllister le Luo guan Key laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaT6G2P5EdmontonABCanada lethbridge Research and Development Centre LethbridgeAB T1J 4P4Canada

Antimicrobials have been widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases and promote growth in food-production ***,the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to public and animal health,especial y in less developed countries where food-producing animals often intermingle with *** limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance from food-production animals to humans and the environment,it is essential to have a comprehensive knowledge of the role of the resistome in antimicrobial resistance(AMR),The resistome refers to the col ection of al antimicrobial resistance genes associated with microbiota in a given *** dense microbiota in the digestive tract is known to harbour one of the most diverse resistomes in *** of the resistome in the digestive tract of humans and animals are increasing exponential y as a result of advancements in next-generation sequencing and the expansion of bioinformatic resources/tools to identify and describe the *** this review,we outline the various tools/bioinformatic pipelines currently available to characterize and understand the nature of the intestinal resistome of swine,poultry,and *** then propose future research directions including analysis of resistome using long-read sequencing,investigation in the role of mobile genetic elements in the expression,function and transmission of *** review outlines the current knowledge and approaches to studying the resistome in food-producing animals and sheds light on future strategies to reduce antimicrobial usage and control the spread of AMR both within and from livestock production systems.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial resistance gene Digestive tract Food-producing animal Metagenomic sequencing Resistome

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Replication of large area nanoimprint stamp with small critical dimension loss

引用

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第3期55卷 600-605页

作者： MENG FanTao guan le WANG ZhiWen HAN ZhiTao CHU JinKui Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

In this paper,the replication process of large area nanoimprint stamp with small critical dimension(CD) loss was investigated,using the thin residual layer nanoimprint lithography(NIL) *** residual layer thickness was optimized by changing the spin-coated resist *** dependences of the residual layer etching rate on gas flow,chamber pressure,and RF power were investigated,and the optimized process conditions were *** means of the thin residual layer NIL technique and optimized residual layer etching process,large area stamp with small CD loss and multi-orientation patterns was successfully replicated on 2-inch SiO2/Si *** CD loss was controlled within 5 *** replicated stamp showed high performance in the patterning with thermal *** replication process reported in this work could also be used to fabricate large area nanostructures with small CD loss.

关键词： nanoimprint stamp replication small critical dimension loss nanoimprint lithography multi-orientation patterns

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bacteria colonization and gene expression related to immune function in colon mucosa is associated with growth in neonatal calves regardless of live yeast supplementation

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1980-1995页

作者： Koki Nishihara Clothilde Villot Lautaro Cangiano le Luo guan Michael Steele Department of Animal Biosciences Animal Science and NutritionUniversity of GuelphGuelphON N1G 1Y2Canada Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada Lallemand SAS Blagnac F‑31702France Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Present Address:Department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada

Background As Holstein calves are susceptible to gastrointestinal disorders during the first week of life,understanding how intestinal immune function develops in neonatal calves is important to promote better intestinal *** probiotics in early life may contribute to host intestinal health by facilitating beneficial bacteria colonization and developing intestinal immune *** objective of this study was to characterize the impact of early life yeast supplementation and growth on colon mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune *** Twenty Holstein bull calves received no supplementation(CON)or Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii(SCB)from birth to 5 d of *** tissue biopsies were taken within 2 h of life(D0)before the first colostrum feeding and 3 h after the morning feeding at d 5 of age(D5)to analyze mucosa-attached bacteria and colon *** sequencing showed that there was no difference inαandβdiversity of mucosa-attached bacteria between day and treatment,but bacteria related to diarrhea were more abundant in the colon mucosa on D0 compared to *** addition,q PCR indicated that the absolute abundance of Escherichia coli(***)decreased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to D0;however,that of Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,which could competitively exclude ***,increased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to ***-sequencing showed that there were no differentially expressed genes between CON and SCB,but suggested that pathways related to viral infection such as“Interferon Signaling”were activated in the colon mucosa of D5 compared to *** Growth affected mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune function in the colon mucosa during the first 5 d of life in dairy calves independently of SCB *** early life,opportunistic pathogens may decrease due to intestinal environmental changes by beneficial bacteria and/or host immune *** activation

关键词： Colon biopsy Dairy calves RNA-sequencing Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Electrochemical dissolution behavior of gold and its main coexistent sulfide minerals in acid thiocyanate solutions

引用

Rare Metals 2022年第1期41卷 254-261页

作者： guan le Wen-Juan Li Kun Song Yong-Sheng Song Yong Chen An-Ping Bai Yu Cheng National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China GRINM Resources and Environment Tech.Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. Ltd.(GRIMAT)Beijing 101407China Jiangxi Copper Technology Research Institute Co. LtdNanchang 330096China Beijing Vocational College of Labour and Social Security Beijing 102200China Jiangsu East China Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau Nanjing 210007China

Electrochemical tests were developed to investigate the electrochemical dissolution behavior of gold and its main coexistent sulfide minerals in acid thiocyanate *** optimal leaching conditions for gold in acidic thiocyanate system were pH 2,0.15 mol·L^(-1) thiocyanate and 0.2 g·L^(-1)Fe^(3+).Fe^(3+) addition to the acidic thiocyanate system promoted gold dissolution significantly,arsenopyrite dissolution was inhibited,chalcopyrite dissolution was increased,and the dissolution behavior of other associated minerals remained mostly *** made gold and associated mineral leaching *** galvanic corrosion effect of gold and its main coexistent sulfide minerals in an acidic thiocyanate-free system was that the chalcocite,arsenopyrite and pyrite acted as a cathode to reduce anodic gold dissolution;galena as an anode undergoes oxidation to inhibit anodic gold *** was almost no galvanic corrosion behavior between stibnite,yellow sphalerite and black sphalerite and *** addition changed the galvanic corrosion behavior of stibnite and yellow sphalerite in the thiocyanate system,which inhibited anodic gold *** the acidic thiocyanate system in the presence of ferric iron,the arsenopyrite promoted anodic gold dissolution,the chalcocite and gold were mostly free of galvanic corrosion,and the remaining minerals inhibited anodic gold dissolution.

关键词： Acid thiocyanate Ferric iron Electrochemical adsorption Associated mineral

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation stabilize microbiota in rumen liquid digesta during grain-based subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) in lactating dairy cows

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2059-2080页

作者： Junfei Guo Zhengxiao Zhang le Luo guan Ilkyu Yoon Jan C.Plaizier Ehsan Khafipour Department of Animal Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present Address:College of Food and Biological Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamenFujian 361021China Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition DepartmentUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Diamond V Cedar RapidsIA 52404United States Present Address:Cargill Animal Nutrition 15407 McGinty Road WestWayzataMN 55391USA

Background Subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA)is a common metabolic disorder of high yielding dairy cows,and it is associated with dysbiosis of the rumen and gut microbiome and host *** study evaluated the impact of two postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products(SCFP)on rumen liquid associated microbiota of lactating dairy cows subjected to repeated grain-based SARA challenges.A total of 32 rumen cannulated cows were randomly assigned to 4 treatments from 4 weeks before until 12 weeks after *** groups included a Control diet or diets supplemented with postbiotics(SCFPa,14 g/d Original XPC;SCFPb-1X,19 g/d Nutri Tek;SCFPb-2X,38 g/d Nutri Tek,Diamond V,Cedar Rapids,IA,USA).Grain-based SARA challenges were conducted during week 5(SARA1)and week 8(SARA2)after parturition by replacing 20%DM of the base total mixed ration(TMR)with pellets containing 50%ground barley and 50%ground *** DNA from rumen liquid samples was subjected to V3–V416S r RNA gene amplicon *** of rumen microbiota were compared among treatments and SARA *** Both SARA challenges reduced the diversity and richness of rumen liquid microbiota,altered the overall composition(β-diversity),and its predicted functionality including carbohydrates and amino acids metabolic *** SARA challenges also reduced the number of significant associations among different taxa,number of hub taxa and their composition in the microbial co-occurrence *** with SCFP postbiotics,in particular SCFPb-2X,enhanced the robustness of the rumen *** SCFP supplemented cows had less fluctuation in relative abundances of community members when exposed to SARA *** SCFP supplementation promoted the populations of lactate utilizing and fibrolytic bacteria,including members of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae,and also increased the numbers of hub taxa during non-SARA and SARA *** with S

关键词： Postbiotics Rumen microbiota Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products SARA

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Vulnerable Region-Aware Greybox Fuzzing

引用

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第5期36卷 1212-1228页

作者： Ling-Yun Situ Zhi-Qiang Zuo le guan Lin-Zhang Wang Xuan-Dong Li Jin Shi Peng Liu State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Information Management Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602U.S.A. College of Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16802U.S.A

Fuzzing is known to be one of the most effective techniques to uncover security vulnerabilities of large-scale software *** fuzzing,it is crucial to distribute the fuzzing resource appropriately so as to achieve the best fuzzing performance under a limited *** distribution strategies of American Fuzzy Lop(AFL)based greybox fuzzing focus on increasing coverage blindly without considering the metrics of code regions,thus lacking the insight regarding which region is more likely to be vulnerable and deserves more fuzzing *** tackle the above drawback by proposing a vulnerable region-aware greybox fuzzing ***,we distribute more fuzzing resources towards regions that are more likely to be vulnerable based on four kinds of code *** implemented the approach as an extension to AFL named ***-scale experimental evaluations validate the effectiveness and efficiency of RegionFuzz-11 new bugs including three new CVEs are successfully uncovered by RegionFuzz.

关键词： vulnerability detection greybox fuzzing code metrics resource distribution

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Magnetic storms in Mercury's magnetosphere

引用

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第6期65卷 1427-1432页

作者： ZONG QiuGang ZHAO JiuTong LIU JianJun FU SuiYan SUN WeiJie ZHANG Hui le guan RANKIN Robert WEI Yong Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 2000136China Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks 99775USA ITM Laboratory Heliophysics Science DivisionNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbelt 20771USA Department of Physics University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G2R3Canada Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

We present evidence of geomagnetic storms in Mercury’s magnetosphere based on MESSENGER magnetic field observations made just before the probe impacted the *** findings answer the question of whether geomagnetic storms can occur in other planetary *** interaction of the solar wind with Mercury’s magnetosphere is known to involve flux transfer events in the dayside magnetosphere,plasmoids and flux ropes in the magnetotail,and substorm-like processes,all of which occur morphologically similar to Earth but with significant *** significantly weaker magnetic field,smaller magnetosphere,and much faster timescale of processes around Mercury,when compared with Earth,enable charged particles to escape its magnetosphere more efficiently through magnetopause shadowing and direct bombard of the *** analysis of MESSENGER’s data during a coronal mass ejection(CME)proves that,despite these substantial differences,a bifurcated ring current can form in Mercury’s magnetosphere that initiates magnetic storms under strong solar wind driving.

关键词： magnetic storm Mercury magnetosphere ring current

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：