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Ophthalmic community perception of new medication needs

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第5期11卷 848-851页

作者： William C.Stewart Jeanette A.Stewart Lindsay A.nelson PRN PharmaFarm LLC

AIM：To survey ophthalmologists（who have participated previously in clinical research） and ophthalmic industry professionals（who have been involved in ocular research and development） to indicate perceived needs for new pharmaceuticals in various ophthalmic subspecialties.METHODS：A prospective,industry-based survey was sent to ophthalmologists and ophthalmic industry professionals about the perceived needs for new pharmaceutical products.RESULTS：This survey was sent to 559 ophthalmic pharma professionals and ophthalmologists.We received 82（15%） responses.The results showed that the most commonly perceived need for new pharmaceuticals were dry and wet age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,diabetic macular edema and dry eye.There was a statistical difference found between response groups（P〈0.0001）.Respondents indicated they would express their commitment to a new product they perceived as needed by recommending to colleagues（63%）,prescribing（60%）,participating as principle investigator in a related clinical trial（52%）,advising the company（52%）,lecturing on behalf of the product（43%）,investing in the product（38%）,taking no action（7%） or obtain a position in the company（1%）.CONCLUSION：Ophthalmic pharma professionals and ophthalmologists perceive the greatest need for new medicines in ophthalmology to be in dry and wet agerelated macular degeneration,glaucoma,diabetic macular edema and dry eye.

关键词： ophthalmic ophthalmology ocular eye disease pharmaceuticals start-up development needs medication therapies future new treatments

Therapeutic potential of TNFa inhibitors in chronic inflammatory disorders:Past and future

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第1期8卷 38-47页

作者： future Hongtao Zhang nelson Shi Zhuo Diao Youhai Chen Yejia Zhang Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center(TMRC) Corporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA

In the past 20 years,patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA),Crohn’s disease(CD),and other immune diseases have witnessed the impact of a great treatment advance with the availability of biological TNFa inhibitors.With 5 approved anti-TNFa biologics on the market and soon available biosimilars,patients have more treatment options and have benefited from understanding the biology of TNFa.Nevertheless,many unmet needs remain for people living with TNFa-related diseases,namely some side effects and tolerance of current anti-TNFa biologics and resistance to therapies.Furthermore,common diseases such as osteoarthritis and back/neck pain may respond to anti-TNFa therapies at early onset of symptoms.Development of new TNFa inhibitors focusing on TNFR1 specific inhibitors,preferably small molecules that can be delivered orally,is much needed.

关键词： Antibodies Receptors Small molecule inhibitors TNFa TNFR1

Mercury photoreduction and photooxidation in lakes：Effects of filtration and dissolved organic carbon concentration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 151-159页

作者： nelson J.O’Driscoll Emma Vost Erin Mann Sara Klapstein Robert Tordon Matthew Lukeman Department of Earth & Environmental Science Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada Environment Canada Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada Department of Chemistry Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada

Mercury is a globally distributed, environmental contaminant. Quantifying the retention and loss of mercury is integral for predicting mercury-sensitive ecosystems. There is little information on how dissolved organic carbon（DOC） concentrations and particulates affect mercury photoreaction kinetics in freshwater lakes. To address this knowledge gap,samples were collected from ten lakes in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia（DOC： 2.6–15.4 mg/L）. Filtered（0.2 μm） and unfiltered samples were analysed for gross photoreduction, gross photooxidation, and net reduction rates of mercury using pseudo first-order curves. Unfiltered samples had higher concentrations（p = 0.04） of photoreducible divalent mercury（Hg（II）RED）（mean of 754 ± 253 pg/L） than filtered samples（mean of 482 ± 206 pg/L）;however, gross photoreduction and photooxidation rate constants were not significantly different in filtered or unfiltered samples in early summer. DOC was not significantly related to gross photoreduction rate constants in filtered（R2= 0.43; p = 0.08） and unfiltered（R2= 0.02; p = 0.71） samples; DOC was also not significantly related to gross photooxidation rate constants in filtered or unfiltered samples. However, DOC was significantly negatively related with Hg（Ⅱ）RED in unfiltered（R2= 0.53; p = 0.04）, but not in filtered samples（R2= 0.04;p = 0.60）. These trends indicate that DOC is a factor in determining dissolved mercury photoreduction rates and particles partially control available Hg（Ⅱ）RED in lake water. This research also demonstrates that within these lakes gross photoreduction and photooxidation processes are close to being in balance. Changes to catchment inputs of particulate matter and DOC may alter mercury retention in these lakes and could partially explain observed increases of mercury accumulation in biota.

关键词： Mercury Photoreduction Photooxidation Dissolved organic carbon（DOC） Particulates Kejimkujik National Park

Adaptive Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic Mobile Edge Computing Environments

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Adaptive Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation Base...

作者： Empilo Eynthon Guillaume nelson 西南大学

学位级别：硕士

Evolving as a promising paradigm in wireless communications,mobile edge computing（MEC）deploys edge servers with endowed cloud computing services at a network access point such as a base station.Achieved through a well-known technique referred to as computation offloading,MEC connects a user terminal to a mobile base station（BS）to offload computationally intensive and delay sensitive mobile applications,to an edge server attached to the dedicated BS for remote execution.With edge computation offloading,mobile terminals and internet of things（Io T）devices can benefit from cloud computing resources one-hop away from the users’ locations.Unfortunately,high energy consumption is still factor of a major challenge in MEC systems due to long communication latency.Unlike cloud servers,MEC servers are resource-limited and can’t handle an escalating number of offloading tasks at given instances.Existing works of computation offloading in MEC generally focus on addressing this drawback issue by leveraging computation offloading among MEC servers and ignored the fact that,advances in Io T and artificial intelligence（AI）are enabling smart applications resulting in tremendous demand of computing resources which therefore with the growing number of users will cause edge cooperative offloading among base stations to be inefficient to manage these evolving trends.Based on the above-mentioned aspect,this paper proposed an adaptive edge computation offloading and resource allocation that jointly leverages computation offloading among edge servers and between MEC and cloud servers.Especially,the main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows.（1）To reduce the channel pathloss and communication overhead factor of long transmission latency,a server path selection method based on channel frequency strength is considered in this paper.（2）To maintain low interference among contending offloading tasks,this paper adopts a timeslot-based system（TSBS）to efficiently exploit the MEC and system resources.Hence,at a specific time-slot

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In-vivo evaluation of molybdenum as bioabsorbable stent candidate

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第8期7卷 262-271页

作者： Malgorzata Sikora-Jasinska Lea M.Morath Maria P.Kwesiga Margaret E.Plank Alexia L.nelson Alexander A.Oliver Martin L.Bocks Roger J.Guillory II Jeremy Goldman Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physiology Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUSA Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine UH Rainbow Babies&Children’s HospitalClevelandOHUSA

Biodegradable stents have tremendous theoretical potential as an alternative to bare metal stents and drug-eluting stents for the treatment of obstructive coronary artery disease.Any bioresorbable or biodegradable scaffold material needs to possess optimal mechanical properties and uniform degradation behavior that avoids local and systemic toxicity.Recently,molybdenum(Mo)has been investigated as a potential novel biodegradable material for this purpose.With its proven moderate degradation rate and excellent mechanical properties,Mo may represent an ideal source material for clinical cardiac and vascular applications.The present study was performed to evaluate the mechanical performance of metallic Mo in vitro and the biodegradation properties in vivo.The results demonstrated favorable mechanical behavior and a uniform degradation profile as desired for a new generation ultra-thin degradable endovascular stent material.Moreover,Mo implants in mouse arteries avoided the typical cellular response that contributes to restenosis.There was minimal neointimal hyperplasia over 6 months,an absence of excessive smooth muscle cell(SMC)proliferation or inflammation near the implant,and avoidance of significant harm to regenerating endothelial cells(EC).Qualitative inspection of kidney sections showed a potentially pathological remodeling of kidney Bowman’s capsule and glomeruli,indicative of impaired filtering function and development of kidney disease,although quantifications of these morphological changes were not statistically significant.Together,the results suggest that the products of Mo corrosion may exert beneficial or inert effects on the activities of inflammatory and arterial cells,while exerting potentially toxic effects in the kidneys that warrant further investigation.

关键词： Biodegradable stent Molybdenum Biocompatibility Degradation

Underestimation of phosphorus fraction change in the supernatant after phosphorus adsorption onto iron oxides and iron oxide–natural organic matter complexes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 197-205页

作者： Jinlong Yan Tao Jiang Ying Yao Jun Wang Yuanli Cai nelson W.Green Shiqiang Wei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environrnent College of Resources and Environment Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest University Chongcling 400716 China Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umea SE-90183 Sweden School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Mianyang Normal University Mianyang 621000 China School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta CA 30332 USA

The phosphorus（P） fraction distribution and formation mechanism in the supernatant after P adsorption onto iron oxides and iron oxide-humic acid（HA） complexes were analyzed using the ultrafiltration method in this study.With an initial P concentration of 20 mg/L（I =0.01 mol/L and pH = 7）,it was shown that the colloid（1 kDa-0.45 μm） component of P accounted for 10.6%,11.6%,6.5%,and 4.0%of remaining total P concentration in the supernatant after P adsorption onto ferrihydrite（FH）,goethite（GE）,ferrihydrite-humic acid complex（FH-HA）,goethite-humic acid complex（GE-HA）,respectively.The 〈1 kDa component of P was still the predominant fraction in the supernatant,and underestimated colloidal P accounted for 2.2%,55.1%,45.5%,and 38.7%of P adsorption onto the solid surface of FH,FH-HA,GE and GE-HA,respectively.Thus,the colloid P could not be neglected.Notably,it could be interpreted that Fe3＋ hydrolysis from the adsorbents followed by the formation of colloidal hydrous ferric oxide aggregates was the main mechanism for the formation of the colloid P in the supernatant.And colloidal adsorbent particles co-existing in the supernatant were another important reason for it.Additionally,dissolve organic matter dissolved from iron oxide-HA complexes could occupy large adsorption sites of colloidal iron causing less colloid P in the supernatant.Ultimately,we believe that the findings can provide a new way to deeply interpret the geochemical cycling of P,even when considering other contaminants such as organic pollutants,heavy metal ions,and arsenate at the sediment/soil-water interface in the real environment.

关键词： Phosphorus Fraction Ultrafiltration Natural organic matter Iron-DOM Iron oxide-humic acid complexes

Ultrasound-assisted musculoskeletal procedures:A practical overview of current literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2011年第7期2卷 57-66页

作者： nelson A Royall Emily Farrin David P Bahner Stanislaw PA Stawicki Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Orthopaedics The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Surgery Division of Critical CareTrauma and BurnThe Ohio State Unviersity Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Traditionally performed by a small group of highly trained specialists,bedside sonographic procedures involving the musculoskeletal system are often delayed despite the critical need for timely diagnosis and treatment.Due to this limitation,a need evolved for more portability and accessibility to allow performance of emergent musculoskeletal procedures by adequately trained non-radiology personnel.The emergence of ultrasound-assisted bedside techniques and increased availability of portable sonography provided such an opportunity in select clinical scenarios.This review summarizes the current literature describing common ultrasound-based musculoskeletal procedures.In-depth discussion of each ultrasound procedure including pertinent technical details,indications and contraindications is provided.Despite the limited amount of prospective,randomized data in this area,a substantial body of observational and retrospective evidence suggests potential benefits from the use of musculoskeletal bedside sonography.

关键词： Musculoskeletal ultrasound-guided procedures Arthrocentesis Tendon injection Articular injection Fluid collection Abscess drainage Foreign body removal

New collision detection method for simulating virtual plant populations

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 156-161页

作者： Weilong Ding Zangxin Wan Yan Xu nelson Max College of Computer Science&Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310026China Department of Computer Science University of CaliforniaDavis95616USA

Detecting and resolving the collision of organs between different plants or the collision of different organs of a single plant are key issues in the realistic construction of a virtual plant population.A suitable collision detection scheme is necessary to prevent a reduction in realism caused by organ penetration.A mixed bounding volume tree construction scheme based on the growth characteristics of tomato plants is proposed in this paper,and the construction mode of the bounding at all levels is simplified by using a digital tomato model.Using a parallel GPU approach,we designed a tomato plant population collision detection program with CUDA acceleration.The proposed method reduces the total collision detection time by 92%-96%.

关键词： plant simulation collision detection bounding volume GPU processing

Awareness and adoption of land,soil and water conservation practices in the Chinyanja Triangle,Southern Africa

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第2期5卷 122-129页

作者： nelson Mango Clifton Makate Lulseged Tamene Powell Mponela Gift Ndengu International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) c/o Kawanda Research StationP.O.Box 6247KampalaUganda International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.MP 228HarareZimbabwe International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) c/o Chitedze Agricultural Research StationP.O.Box 158LilongweMalawi

The promotion of land,soil and water conservation measures has been a widespread development in sub-Saharan Africa in a bid to tackle degradation and improve productivity.As a result,several gov-ernments have launched various campaigns on soil,land and water conservation measures.The aim of this study is to determine some of the factors that influence farmers'awareness(knowledge)and adoption of land,soil and water conservation practices.Data for this study was collected from 312 households using a questionnaire survey in the Chinyanja Triangle of Southern Africa.The study sites.were sampled from Tete province of Mozambique,central and southern regions of Malawi and eastern Province of Zambia.We used t-tests to classify adopters and non-adopters of soil,land and water con-servation measures and binomial logit models to identify the factors that infuence farmers'knowledge of conservation measures and adoption of land productivity practices.The results show that the household head's age,education,agricultural advice reception and farmer group membership are critical in raising awareness.While the household head's age,education,agricultural advice reception,farmer group membership,pieces of land owned or used in production and land-to-man ratio influenced adoption decisions.The study,therefore,concludes that in order to improve land productivity in the Chinyanja Triangle,there is a need to consider farmers'heterogeneity in terms of household head's age,level of education,extension services outreach,and socio-economic char acteristics.This suggests that governments'policies in the region should be aimed at improving farmers'level of education,extension delivery that will target the elderly and the youth,land ownership,credit access,and social capital such as group formation.

关键词： Conservation Agriculture Awareness Adoption Chinyanja Triangle