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系统性轻链淀粉样变:有望被治愈

Science Bulletin 2023年第22期68卷 2678-2681页

作者：刘扬 nelson Leung 路瑾 Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Institute of HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseaseBeijing 100044China Division on Nephrology and Hypertension Division of HematologyMayo ClinicRochester MN 55905USA

Systemic light chain(AL)amyloidosis is a rare protein misfolding and deposition disorder.The clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow of AL amyloidosis patients secrete an abnormal immunoglobulin or its fragment,which is deposited in various organs and leads to organ dysfunction.The incidence in the USA is 8-14/million[1],whereas the incidence in China is undetermined.

关键词：淀粉样变 organs amyloid

Empowering local research ethics review of antibacterial mass administration research

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第5期11卷 1-13页

作者： nelson K.Sewankambo Paul Kutyabami Department of Medicine School of MedicineCollege of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityP.O.Box 7072KampalaUganda Department of Pharmacy School of Health SciencesCollege of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityP.O.Box 7072KampalaUganda

Background::Recent studies using mass drug administration(MDA)of antibiotics to entire communities have focused global attention on the unique ethical challenges of MDA of antibiotics in research and public health interventions.However,there is no specific guidance for Research Ethics Committees(RECs)or Institutional Review Boards(IRBs)to review such trials.We surveyed the literature to identify the unique ethical challenges and to strengthen the competencies of RECs or IRBs in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)in their ethical reviews of these trials.Methods::We employed a desk review.We searched PubMed,Web of Science,and Google Scholar,combining terms for"mass drug administration"with terms for"research ethics committees,""institutional review boards,"and"ethics."We reviewed citations of search results to retrieve additional articles.Only articles published and indexed in the above databases up to 6 January 2022 in English were included.Abstracts(without full articles),books and articles that had exclusive veterinary and environmental focus were excluded.We synthesized the literature to identify particularly challenging ethical issues relevant to antibacterial MDA trials in LMICs.Results::The most challenging ethical issues can be categorised into four broad domains:determining the social value of MDA,assessing risks and benefits,engaging all stakeholders meaningfully,and study design-related ethical challenges.These four domains interact and impact each other.Together,they reveal the need for RECs/IRBs to review MDA studies through a broader lens than that of clinical trials per se.From our findings,we propose a framework to guide the RECs and IRBs in LMICs to perform the initial and continuing review of antibiotic MDA trials.We also recommend strengthening the competencies of LMIC RECs or IRBs through ongoing training and collaboration with RECs or IRBs from high-income countries.Conclusions::REC/IRB review of research using MDA of antibiotics plays a critical role in assuring the ethical conduct of MDA s

关键词： Antibiotic Mass drug administration Ethics Review Committee Ethics Review Institutional Review Board Empowerment Guidance Trials

Biosphere 2’s Lessons about Living on Earth and in Space

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Space(Science & Technology) 2021年第1期2021卷 274-284页

作者： Mark nelson Institute of Ecotechnics(US/UK) USA

Biosphere 2,the largest and most biodiverse closed ecological system facility yet created,has contributed vital lessons for living with our planetary biosphere and for long-term habitation in space.From the space life support perspective,Biosphere 2 contrasted with previous BLSS work by including areas based on Earth wilderness biomes in addition to its provision for human life support and by using a soil-based intensive agricultural system producing a complete human diet.No previous BLSS system had included domestic farm animals.All human and domestic animal wastes were also recycled and returned to the crop soils.Biosphere 2 was important as a first step towards learning how to miniaturize natural ecosystems and develop technological support systems compatible with life.Biosphere 2’s mostly successful operation for three years(1991-1994)changed thinking among space life support scientists and the public at large about the need for minibiospheres for long-term habitation in space.As an Earth systems laboratory,Biosphere 2 was one of the first attempts to make ecology an experimental science at a scale relevant to planetary issues such as climate change,regenerative agriculture,nutrient and water recycling,loss of biodiversity,and understanding of the roles wilderness biomes play in the Earth’s biosphere.Biosphere 2 aroused controversy because of narrow definitions and expectations of how science is to be conducted.The cooperation between engineers and ecologists and the requirement to design a technosphere that supported the life inside without harming it have enormous relevance to what is required in our global home.Applications of bioregenerative life support systems for near-term space applications such as initial Moon and/or Mars bases,will be severely limited by high costs of transport to space and so will rely on lighter weight,hydroponic systems of growing plants which will focus first on water and air regeneration and gradually increase its production of food required by astronauts or inhabitants.The con

关键词： Earth Biosphere bases

Misfolded amyloid-βstrains and their potential roles in the clinical and pathological variability of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 119-120页

作者： Sara Kelley nelson Perez-Urrutia Rodrigo Morales Department of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada(CIBQA) Universidad Bernardo O’HigginsSantiagoChile

Potential causes for the clinical and pathological variability observed in Alzheimer’s disease(AD):AD is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the impairment of cognitive functions such as memory,learning,and reasoning.These commonly described clinical symptoms are due to particular pathological changes in the brain,including inflammation,synaptic loss,and neuronal death.These changes are a consequence of the accumulation of abnormally folded amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau proteins in specific areas of the central nervous system.Considering the progressive aging of the world’s population,the number of people affected by AD is expected to substantially and consistently increase in the coming years.This positions AD as one of the main public health challenges in the near future.

关键词： clinical Alzheimer amyloid

Experimental and numerical evaluation of multidirectional compressive and flexure behavior of three-dimensional printed concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 1643-1661页

作者： Lalit KUMAR Dhrutiman DEY Biranchi PANDA nelson MUTHU Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiAssam 781039India

Three-dimensional concrete printing(3DCP)can proliferate the industrialization of the construction sector,which is notoriously conservative and indolent toward changes.However,the mechanical behavior of 3DCP should be characterized and modeled considering the interfaces when its performance is thoroughly compared to that of the existing concrete construction methods.This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation of uniaxial compression and three-point bending(TPB)tests on extruded 3DCP beams in different loading directions.The orientation of translational and depositional interfaces with respect to the direction of loading influenced the strength.Both the elastic and post-damage behavior of the 3DCP specimens were compared with those of the conventionally cast specimen under quasi-static loading conditions.Despite the higher compressive strength of the casted specimen,the flexural strength of the 3DCP specimens was higher.This study employed the finite element and cohesive zone models of the appropriate calibrated traction-separation law to model fracture in the notched TPB specimens.Furthermore,the real-time acoustic emission test revealed the nature of failure phenomenon of three-dimensional-printed specimens under flexion,and accordingly,the cohesive law was chosen.The predicted load-displacement responses are in good agreement with the experimental results.Finally,the effects of cohesive thickness and notch shape on the performance under bending were explored through parametric studies.

关键词： three-dimensional printing anisotropy flexure compression cohesive zone model finite element model

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外国直接投资对非洲经济增长的影响研究

外国直接投资对非洲经济增长的影响研究

作者： nelson NGABIRANO 浙江科技学院

学位级别：硕士

This paper empirically analyzes the direct impact of foreign directs investments(FDI)on the economic growth of African countries.This study find that in parallel with the increase in the number of agreements,most often bilateral,the African governments are taking more and more measures to attract foreign capital.These measures include the easing of investment conditions(tax relief,for example)in host countries;which is also one of the recommendations of financial institutions such as the WB and the IMF.As a result,many investors are heading to Africa to benefit from changes in investment rules.By way of example,in2014,more than80%of investment policy measures aimed to improve the conditions for entry of foreign investment and to reduce existing restrictions.This shows how FDI remains the most important and constant source of external financing for developing economies but also justifies the behavior of African countries in seeking natural attraction of FDI.In view of the increase in the entry of FDI in the African zone,it is important to question the direct and conditional impacts of FDI on the economic growth of African countries.The objective of this study is to explore the impacts of foreign direct investment on economic growth of the African continent.An econometric analysis centered on simultaneous equations was performed.Indeed,this analysis has made it possible to observe correlations between foreign direct investment,economic growth,human capital,natural resources,openness to foreign trade and technology transfer.The results show that the FDI has an impact on economic growth through human capital,foreign trade and technology transfer.The level of education at the secondary level has a negative and significant impact on growth,while the level of higher education makes it possible to improve it significantly,at the threshold of1%at the level of growth of the African countries.Investment in general education and other forms of human capital is essential for a country it’s offers a favorable climate for FDI.T

关键词：外国直接投资经济增长非洲

Nanogenerator-based bidirectional pressure sensor array and its demonstration in underwater invasive species detection

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Nano Research 2023年第9期16卷 11822-11831页

作者： Yunqi Cao Hongyang Shi Xiaobo Tan nelson Sepúlveda State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA

Lakes areas,which cause catastrophic damages in both commercial fishery and ecological systems.However,current assessment strategies may pose challenges for lake-wide abundance estimation and non-target anadromous species preservation.Here,we demonstrate an efficacious species-specific non-destructive sensing system based on porous ferroelectret nanogenerator for in-situ monitoring of lamprey spawning migration using their unique suction behavior.Simulations show that the porous structure enables a redistribution of surface charges under bidirectional deformations,which allows the detection of both positive and negative pressures.The quasi-piezoelectric effect is further validated by quantitative analysis in a wide pressure range of−50 to 60 kPa,providing detailed insights into transduction working principles.For reliable lamprey detection,a 4×4-pixel sensor array is developed and integrated with a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)based signal processing array thus constituting a sensing panel capable of recording oral suction patterns in an underwater environment.

关键词： bidirectional pressure sensing nanogenerators self-powered sensor array ferroelectret invasive species detection

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肯尼亚股权银行数字化营销策略研究

肯尼亚股权银行数字化营销策略研究

作者： nelson Mukui Waituika 上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

肯尼亚的银行业竞争非常激烈,2020年该行业拥有42家银行,而1960年只有3家银行。该行业更加全球化,客户更加意识到他们所拥有的权力,因此,银行需要通过广告以抢夺市场份额。银行面临着许多挑战,如技术进步、全球化进程和放松管制的挑战... 详细信息

肯尼亚的银行业竞争非常激烈,2020年该行业拥有42家银行,而1960年只有3家银行。该行业更加全球化,客户更加意识到他们所拥有的权力,因此,银行需要通过广告以抢夺市场份额。银行面临着许多挑战,如技术进步、全球化进程和放松管制的挑战。这些挑战迫使银行不断适应变化。这些市场力量结合在一起,为银行创造了激烈的竞争环境。迫使他们适应不断变化的市场条件和消费者需求,因此银行需要在创新和营销策略方面具有创造力,成为市场领导者,以便在消费者的心目中达到并保持首要地位,他们需要建立符合消费者需求并分享其信念的品牌。肯尼亚的银行在1990年代之前不需要营销部门,因为银行很少,每家银行都有一个重点领域,而且银行业受到严格监管,因此不需要推销他们的任何服务,因为没有必要这样做。但自世纪之交以来,营销部门已成为银行业寻求接触客户的中流砥柱。因此,本研究旨在确定影响肯尼亚营销的因素,重点是肯尼亚股权银行。该研究将研究肯尼亚股权银行的营销活动,银行如何进行营销以及银行可以用来接触客户的最有效的营销策略。对30名对研究作出答复的受访者进行了案例研究。使用表格、图形演示和图表对数据进行了分析和呈现。研究结果表明,肯尼亚公平银行正在进行大量营销,特别是通过使用Equity Bank Wings to Fly奖学金计划和向肯尼亚COVID-19基金捐款进行的学术奖学金。董事会,这两个方案为银行提供了通过印刷和广播媒体进行重要营销。这使得潜在客户的接触面增加,客户增长和盈利能力提高。股份制银行增加了营销活动,以更好地参与市场竞争,提高盈利能力,更好的应对日益复杂的市场客户。

关键词：营销 PEST分析数字化转型银行业 Equity Bank Kenya

Turning the corner from observation to intervention in human genetics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第2期45卷 57-59页

作者： David L.nelson Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute

In the early 1990s,shortly after we identified the genetic defect in FMR1 that results in fragile X syndrome（Verkerk et al.,1991）,I attended a conference sponsored by the US National Fragile X Foundation.This biannu... 详细信息

关键词： Turning the corner from observation to intervention in human genetics